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Openwork tights, riguna, m yadudduka, ruwan hoda takalma - duk wadannan abubuwa ne na ... maza fashion a cikin 'yan yanayi. Menene wannan yanayin ya ce? Kuma menene manyan masu zanen duniya ke kira ga maza suyi?
Tunics na tsohuwar Romawa da wando na harem na matan Gabas, sarons na Indiya na duniya da djellaba na Afirka, waɗanda maza da mata suke sawa a lokaci guda - waɗannan da sauran nau'o'in tufafi sun nuna cewa a cikin tarihin duniya na fashion babu wata hanyar da ta dace. tsakanin siket da wando tare da wani jinsi. Duk ya dogara da takamaiman wurin da lokacin aiki. Bisa ga ka'idodin al'adunmu na Turai na ƙarni na ƙarshe, bayyanar mutum a cikin siket a cikin jama'a yana da ban tsoro ko kuma alama ce ta rashin daidaituwa na al'ada. A halin yanzu, ana ƙara samun irin waɗannan mazaje. Me yasa?
"Wannan yanayin ba sabon abu ba ne," in ji masanin al'adu Olga Vainshtein. - Ka tuna mai zanen Faransa Jean-Paul Gaultier's Une garde-robe zuba deux tarin tare da maza skirts - wannan shi ne a cikin 1985. A cikin 2003-2004, Metropolitan Museum of Art ya dauki bakuncin shahararren nunin "Bravehearts. Maza a cikin siket «(» Daredevils: maza a cikin siket «). Amma, ba shakka, a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, yawan tarin maza tare da cikakkun bayanai na tufafin mata ya karu sosai, haka ma, wannan salon ya fara motsawa cikin rayuwa.
Shahararrun mashahurai suna ƙara fitowa cikin riguna da siket akan jan kafet ko abubuwan da suka shafi zamantakewa. Daga cikin su akwai Jaden Smith, ɗan shekaru 18, ɗan Will Smith, ƴan wasan kwaikwayo Jared Leto, Van Diesel, mawakiyar Kanye West. Kuma ba shakka, shahararren fan na kilt, skirts, sundresses da sauran kayan tufafi na mata shine mai zanen kayan ado na Amurka, mahaliccin nasa alamar Marc Jacobs, Marc Jacobs.
Ekaterina Orel, masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam:
Wani bangare game da sha'awar mazan zamani don fahimtar mata sosai. Bayan haka, jayayya game da matsayin zamantakewa, hakkoki da damar mata a cikin al'umma ba su tsaya ba, akasin haka. A gefe guda, horarwar "sa rigar siket kuma bauta wa mutuminku" ya zama mafi ƙwazo, kuma a daya hannun, babban taron tattaunawa na iyali da cin zarafin jima'i, sha'awar mata ga sana'o'in maza na al'ada… ga siket na maza wani irin ci gaba ne na wannan zance. Akwai magana mai kyau a cikin Turanci - tsaye a cikin takalma na (a zahiri "tsaye a cikin takalma na"), wanda ke nufin yarda da ra'ayi, halin da ake ciki, ra'ayoyin wani mutum. Masu zanen kaya a zahiri suna tilasta maza su gwada rawar mace tare da duk abubuwan da suka dace, fa'ida da iyakancewa.
Olga Weinstein, masanin ilimin al'adu:
Na fahimci wannan yanayin da farko a matsayin wani ɓangare na gabaɗayan halin da ake ciki na lalata al'adu da ra'ayoyin al'adu a cikin salon. Wannan jerin ya haɗa da kamfen ɗin zanga-zangar adawa da Photoshop, bayyanar a kan dandalin mata masu kiba, mutanen da ke da nakasa, tsofaffin samfura. Kuma a cikin kunkuntar ma'ana, an kwatanta wannan yanayin ta hanyar manufar «jinsi-lankwasawa», wanda ke nufin haɓakawa, tausasa ƙaƙƙarfan iyakoki na jinsi. A yau, haɗe-haɗe na matsayi, mace-macen maza da 'yantar da mata suna faruwa a matakai daban-daban. Mata suna samun ƙarfi da nasara. A cikin harshen Ingilishi, akwai manufar «ƙarfafawa mata», wanda ke nufin ƙarfafa matsayi da damar mata, ƙara amincewa da kansu. Kuma maza, akasin haka, suna ƙara nuna taushi da mata - ku tuna da nau'in jima'i na jima'i wanda ya bayyana a farkon 2000s, kuma a lokaci guda sababbin ka'idodin kulawa da kai na namiji, kulawa da kai ya zo cikin salon.
Skirt - alamar namiji?
A gefe guda, tsarin shigar mata na maza yana zama matsala mai tsanani a yau. Phillip Zimbardo, masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, ya keɓe wani littafi daban don asarar asalinsu da maza.1. "CShin samarin zamani sun gaza a fannin ilimi, zamantakewa, da jima'i, kuma mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 30 sun zarce maza a fannin ilimi da samun kudin shiga? - ya jaddada Philip Zimbardo. “Haɗin kai tsakanin mace da namiji yana ƙara dagulawa. Domin a maido da daidaiton jinsi, ya zama dole a kuma baiwa namiji ‘yancin tada batutuwan da suka shafi daidaito.”
A wannan batun, ci gaban siket da riguna ta maza alama ce mai kyau, ƙoƙarin dawo da daidaito. Hakika mata sun kasance suna sanye da wando tun farkon karnin da ya gabata, to me yasa har yanzu maza ke raba tufafin na maza da na mata?
Amma yanayin salon yana da wani kusurwa. “Kamar duk wani abin da ya faru a duniya bayan zamani, siket na maza na ɗauke da saƙo biyu: ta hanyoyi da yawa suna jaddada namijin ɗabi’ar mai sawa,” in ji masanin ilimin ɗan adam Ekaterina Orel. - Bayan haka, haɗin farko tare da siket na mutum shine kilt, tufafin masu hawan dutse, waɗanda ke da ƙarfin hali da tashin hankali a cikin al'adun Yammacin Turai. Sabili da haka, saka siket, mutum, a gefe guda, yana gwada hoton mace, kuma a gefe guda, yana bayyana ƙarfinsa da fifikonsa, yana mai da hankali kan alaƙa da hoton ɗan wasan yaƙi.
Olga Weinstein ya ce: "Maza a cikin siket sun yi kama da maza," in ji Olga Weinstein. - Bari mu tuna aƙalla tsoffin sojojin Romawa a cikin gajerun riguna. Ko, alal misali, baƙar fata skirt, m maza takalma, stubble a kan fuska da tsoka da maza makamai - wannan hade halitta wajen m image.
Wata hanya ko wata, sassauta ra'ayoyin al'adu da iyakokin jinsi, dangantakarsu a bayyane take. Ana aiwatar da wannan ta hanyar tsarin dunkulewar duniya. "Wando na furanni, tufafin gabas na al'ada, sun zama abin sha'awa a duk faɗin duniya, sarons ba wai kawai mutanen kudu maso gabashin Asiya ba ne, har ma da Turawa, David Beckham, alal misali, yana son su," in ji Olga Weinstein. - Wato, ba shakka, muna iya magana game da kusantar Gabas da Yamma da kuma fadada rancen al'adu. Fitowar samfuran transgender - maza da mata waɗanda ke canza jima'i ta hanyar tiyata - yana ba da shaida ga sassauta ra'ayi.
1 F. Zimbardo, N. Colombe "Mutumin da ke Rabuwa: Wasanni, Batsa da Asarar Identity" (an buga littafin a watan Agusta 2016 ta Alpina Publisher).