Me namomin kaza ke ci
Dangane da nau'in abinci mai gina jiki, an raba namomin kaza zuwa ciki symbionts da saprotrophs. Symbionts suna lalata halittu masu rai. Kuma saprotrophs sun hada da mafi yawan mold da hula namomin kaza, yisti. Saprotrophic fungi suna samar da mycelium na yau da kullun. Saboda saurin girma da fasali na tsarin, mycelium yana da alaƙa da haɗin gwiwa tare da substrate, wanda wani ɓangare na narkewa ta hanyar ɓoye enzymes a waje da jikin naman gwari, sa'an nan kuma shiga cikin kwayoyin fungal a matsayin abinci.
Dangane da gaskiyar cewa namomin kaza ba su da chlorophyll, sun dogara gaba ɗaya akan kasancewar tushen tushen abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ya riga ya shirya don amfani.
Mafi yawan naman gwari na amfani da kwayoyin halitta na matattun kwayoyin halitta don abinci mai gina jiki, da kuma ragowar tsire-tsire, rubewar saiwoyi, rugujewar dazuzzuka da sauransu. Aikin da naman gwari ke yi na rube kwayoyin halitta yana da matukar fa'ida ga gandun daji, saboda yana kara adadin. na lalata busassun ganye, rassa da matattun bishiyu da za su zubar da gandun daji.
Naman gwari na tasowa a duk inda aka samu ragowar tsiro, alal misali, ganyaye da suka fadi, tsoffin itace, ragowar dabbobi, suna haifar da ruɓewarsu da haɓakar ma'adinai, gami da samuwar humus. Don haka, fungi su ne masu lalata (masu lalata), kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta.
Namomin kaza sun bambanta sosai a cikin ikon su na sha daban-daban mahadi. Wasu na iya cinye carbohydrates masu sauƙi kawai, barasa, Organic acid (namomin kaza), wasu suna iya ɓoye enzymes na hydrolytic waɗanda ke lalata sitaci, sunadarai, cellulose, chitin da girma akan abubuwan da ke ɗauke da waɗannan abubuwan.
Parasitic fungi
Rayuwar wadannan fungi ana gudanar da ita ne ta hanyar kashe wasu kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da. balagagge bishiyoyi. Ana iya shigar da irin waɗannan fungi zuwa cikin ɓangarorin da ba a so ko kuma su shiga cikin bishiyoyi a cikin nau'i na spores wanda kwari ke cinye ramuka a cikin haushi. Sapwood beetles ana la'akari da su ne manyan dillalai na spores. Idan ka bincika su daki-daki a karkashin wani microscope, sa'an nan a kan gutsuttsura na waje kwarangwal na wadannan kwari, da kuma a kan harsashi na su tesicles, akwai hyphae. A sakamakon shigar da mycelium na parasitic fungi a cikin tasoshin shuke-shuke, fibrous hatimi na farin launi an kafa a cikin kyallen takarda na "mai watsa shiri", a sakamakon abin da ya bushe da sauri ya mutu.
Duk da haka, yana da daraja a lura da wanzuwar fungi da parasitize sauran fungi. Misali mai ban sha'awa na wannan shine Boletus parasiticus, wanda zai iya tasowa musamman akan fungi na cikin kwayar cutar Scleroderma (ƙaryacin puffballs). A lokaci guda kuma, babu wani takamaiman bambanci tsakanin waɗannan tsare-tsaren ci gaba. Alal misali, wasu kungiyoyin parasitic fungi, a sakamakon wasu yanayi, na iya zama cikakken saprophytes. Misalan irin wannan fungi sune fungi na tinder, da kuma naman kaka na yau da kullum, wanda zai iya amfani da albarkatun "mai masauki" kuma ya kashe shi a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, bayan ya mutu, yana amfani da matattun kyallen takarda don rayuwarsa. aiki.