Thyroid nodule
La thyroid wani gland ne mai siffar malam buɗe ido wanda yake a gindin wuyansa, a ƙarƙashin tuffar Adamu. Yana samar da hormones thyroid masu mahimmanci don sarrafawa asali metabolism, Metabolism yana samar da makamashi mai mahimmanci ga jiki don kula da muhimman ayyukansa: zuciya, kwakwalwa, numfashi, narkewa, kula da zafin jiki.
Ba sabon abu bane a karamin taro Yana faruwa a cikin glandar thyroid, saboda dalilan da har yanzu ba a san su ba. Mun ba shi suna thyroid nodule (Latin nodulus, ƙaramin kulli).
Nodules na thyroid suna da yawa: tsakanin 5 zuwa 20% na yawan jama'a suna da nodule na fiye da 1 cm da aka sani akan palpation kuma idan muka ƙidaya nodules maras kyau wanda aka gano kawai ta hanyar duban dan tayi, 40 zuwa 50% na yawan jama'a suna da nodule na thyroid. . Don dalilai mai yiwuwa hormonal, nodules sun kasance kusan sau 4 akai-akai a cikin mata fiye da maza.
Mahimmancin metabolism Nodules yawanci ba sa tare da kowace alamar cututtuka. Kuma idan 95% na nodules na thyroid ba su da kyau, 5% na asali ne na ciwon daji. Wasu nodules, ko da yake benign (marasa ciwon daji) suna da guba (5 zuwa 10%), wato suna samar da hormones masu yawa na thyroid. Da wuya, nodule na iya zama mai ban haushi ta ƙarar sa kuma ya zama mai matsawa (2.5%). Palpation na wuyansa dole ne ya kasance cikin tsari yayin shawarwari tare da babban likita, likitan mata, da dai sauransu. Don haka yana da mahimmanci don yin cikakken ganewar asali na nodule don fahimtar wane nau'in nodule ne, idan ya kamata a bi da shi da kuma yadda. |
Nau'in nodules na thyroid
- Colloidal nodule. Mafi na kowa nau'i na nodule, colloidal nodule ya ƙunshi sel na al'ada.
- Cysts. Cysts suna samuwa ne da ke cike da ruwa. Suna iya girma har zuwa santimita da yawa a diamita. Su, ga mafi yawancin, marasa kyau ne.
- kumburi nodule. Mafi sau da yawa yana faruwa a cikin mutanen da ke da thyroiditis, kumburi na thyroid. Thyroiditis na iya tasowa a sakamakon cutar autoimmune (cutar da jiki ke samar da kwayoyin kariya daga gabobinsa), irin su Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Hakanan yana iya faruwa bayan ciki.
- Adenoma. Ciwon daji ne mara kyau. A zahiri, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta tana kama da nama mai lafiya a cikin glandar thyroid. Don bambanta adenoma daga ciwon daji, biopsy ya zama dole.
- Ciwon daji na thyroid. M (ko ciwon daji) nodule yana wakiltar 5% zuwa 10% na nodules na thyroid. Ciwon daji na thyroid cuta ne da ba kasafai ba. Akwai sabbin maganganu 4000 a Faransa a kowace shekara (don cutar kansar nono 40). Ya shafi mata a cikin 000% na lokuta. Lamarinsa yana karuwa a duk ƙasashe. Nodules sun fi kowa a cikin mata, amma maza suna da haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon daji a cikin nodule na thyroid. Mutanen da ke da tarihin matsalolin thyroid ko waɗanda suka sami maganin radiation zuwa kai ko wuya a lokacin yaro suna cikin haɗari mafi girma. Wannan ciwon daji yawanci ana kula da shi sosai tare da tsawon rayuwa na shekaru 75 wanda ya wuce 5%.
Goiter ko nodule? Goiter ya bambanta da nodule saboda ya shafi dukkanin glandar thyroid wanda ke karuwa da girma. Nodule, a gefe guda, yana da alamar ƙananan taro da aka yi a kan thyroid. Amma a wasu goiters, ƙarar ƙarar ba ta dace ba, yana shafar wasu wurare na thyroid kawai, don haka ya zama abin da ake kira nodular ko multi-nodular goiter (cf. goiter sheet) |