Wani bincike da aka yi a sama da nau'in dabbobi 400 na masu jin sanyi ya nuna cewa, sakamakon karuwar yanayin zafi a duniya, dabbobin ruwa sun fi sauran takwarorinsu na duniya hadarin bacewa.
Mujallar Nature ta buga wani bincike inda ta yi nuni da cewa dabbobin ruwa na bacewa daga wuraren da suke da ninki biyu na dabbobin kasa saboda karancin hanyoyin samun mafaka daga yanayin zafi.
Binciken da masana kimiyya a jami'ar Rutgers da ke New Jersey suka jagoranta, shi ne na farko da ya kwatanta illar da zafin teku da yanayin zafi ke haifarwa ga kowane nau'in dabbobi masu sanyi, tun daga kifaye da kifin harsashi zuwa kadangaru da dodanni.
Binciken da aka yi a baya ya nuna cewa dabbobi masu jinni mai dumi sun fi iya jure yanayin sauyin yanayi fiye da masu jin sanyi, amma wannan binciken ya nuna irin hadarin da ke tattare da halittun ruwa. Yayin da tekuna ke ci gaba da daukar zafi da ake fitarwa a sararin samaniya sakamakon gurbacewar iskar carbon dioxide, ruwan ya kai ga mafi girman zafin jiki cikin shekaru da dama - kuma mazauna duniyar karkashin ruwa ba sa iya fakewa daga dumamar yanayi a cikin inuwa ko cikin rami.
"Dabbobin teku suna rayuwa ne a wani yanayi da a ko da yaushe yanayin zafi ya kasance yana da kwanciyar hankali," in ji Malin Pinsky, masanin halittu kuma masanin juyin halitta wanda ya jagoranci binciken. "Da alama dabbobin teku suna tafiya tare da kunkuntar titin dutse tare da duwatsu masu zafi a bangarorin biyu."
kunkuntar gefen aminci
Masanan kimiyya sun ƙididdige "margin aminci na thermal" don nau'ikan ruwa 88 da nau'in ƙasa 318, suna ƙayyade yawan ɗumamar da za su iya jurewa. Tsakanin tsaro ya kasance mafi kunkuntar a ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'aunin ruwa ga mazauna teku da kuma tsakiyar latitudes don nau'in ƙasa.
Ga nau'ikan nau'ikan da yawa, matakin ɗumamar halin yanzu ya riga ya zama mahimmanci. Binciken ya nuna cewa yawan bacewa sakamakon dumamar yanayi a tsakanin dabbobin ruwa ya ninka na dabbobin kasa.
“Tasirin ya riga ya kasance. Wannan ba wata matsala ce ta gaba ba, "in ji Pinsky.
Matsakaicin aminci ga wasu nau'ikan dabbobin ruwa na wurare masu zafi matsakaita kusan digiri 10 ma'aunin celcius. "Da alama yana da yawa," in ji Pinsky, "amma a zahiri ya mutu kafin zafin jiki ya yi zafi da digiri 10."
Ya kara da cewa ko da matsananciyar karuwa a yanayin zafi na iya haifar da matsaloli tare da kiwo, haifuwa da sauran illoli. Yayin da wasu nau'ikan za su iya yin ƙaura zuwa sabon yanki, wasu - irin su murjani da anemones na teku - ba za su iya motsawa ba kuma za su ɓace kawai.
Faɗin Tasiri
Sarah Diamond, wani masanin muhalli kuma mataimakiyar farfesa a Jami'ar Case Western Reserve ta ce "Wannan bincike ne mai matukar mahimmanci saboda yana da cikakkun bayanan da ke goyan bayan tunanin da aka dade na cewa tsarin ruwa yana da daya daga cikin mafi girman matakan rauni ga dumamar yanayi." Cleveland, Ohio. . "Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda sau da yawa muna yin watsi da tsarin teku."
Pinsky ya lura cewa baya ga rage hayakin iskar gas da ke haifar da sauyin yanayi, dakatar da kifayen kifaye, maido da karancin jama'a, da takaita lalata muhallin teku na iya taimakawa wajen magance asarar nau'ikan.
Ya kara da cewa, "Kafa hanyoyin sadarwa na wuraren da aka kare ruwa da ke aiki a matsayin tsakuwa yayin da jinsuna ke tafiya zuwa manyan latitudes," in ji shi, "zai iya taimaka musu wajen magance sauyin yanayi a nan gaba."
bayan teku
A cewar Alex Gunderson, mataimakin farfesa a fannin ilmin halitta da ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Tulane da ke New Orleans, wannan binciken ya nuna mahimmancin auna ba kawai canjin yanayi ba, har ma da yadda suke shafar dabbobi.
Wannan kuma yana da mahimmanci ga nau'in dabbobin ƙasa.
Gunderson ya jaddada cewa "dabbobin ƙasa ba su da haɗari fiye da dabbobin ruwa kawai idan za su iya samun sanyi, wurare masu inuwa don guje wa hasken rana kai tsaye da kuma guje wa zafi mai tsanani," in ji Gunderson.
"Sakamakon wannan binciken wani kira ne na farkawa da muke bukata don kare gandun daji da sauran yanayin da ke taimakawa namun daji su dace da yanayin zafi."