Appendix, wanda kuma ake kira gidanocecal appendix ko vermiform appendage, ƙaramin girma ne da ke cikin babban hanji. Wannan sinadari an fi saninsa da zama wurin ciwon appendicitis, kumburin da ke buƙatar cire appendix ta hanyar tiyata (appendectomy).

Wurin jiki

Karin bayani shine a kananan girma na Makãho, kashi na farko na babban hanji. Caecum yana biye da ƙananan hanji, wanda aka haɗa shi da bawul na ileocecal. Karin bayani yana kusa da wannan bawul, saboda haka sunansa ileo-cecal appendix.

Matsayin rataye

Gabaɗaya, ance appendix yana a ƙasan dama na cibiya. Duk da haka, wurinsa na iya bambanta, wanda zai iya sa ya yi wuya a gano appendicitis. A cikin ciki, wannan girma zai iya ɗauka matsayi da yawa :

• wani sub-cecal gurbi, a kwance da ƙasa da cecum;
• matsayi na tsakiya-caecal, dan kadan slanting ƙasa;
• matsayi na retro-cecal, a tsayi da kuma a bayan caecum.

Duba

An gabatar da kari a matsayin a m aljihu. Girman sa yana da sauƙin canzawa tare da tsayi tsakanin 2 zuwa 12 santimita da diamita tsakanin 4 zuwa 8 millimeters. Ana kwatanta siffar wannan girma sau da yawa da na tsutsa, saboda haka sunansa na vermiform appendage.

Har ya zuwa yau, ba a cika fahimtar rawar da ƙari ba. A cewar wasu masu bincike, wannan girma na iya zama mara amfani a jiki. Duk da haka, masu binciken sun gabatar da wasu hasashe. Bisa ga aikinsu, wannan girma zai iya taka rawa wajen kare jiki.

Matsayi a cikin rigakafi

A cewar wasu binciken, appendix na iya shiga cikin tsarin rigakafi zuwa karfafa garkuwar jiki. Wasu sakamakon kimiyya sun nuna cewa za a iya samar da immunoglobulins (maganin rigakafi) a cikin kari. A cikin 2007, masu bincike a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Duke sun gabatar da wani bayani. Dangane da sakamakon su, appendix zai samar da flora na ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani waɗanda za a adana su don magance rashin narkewar abinci mai tsanani. Duk da haka, aikin rigakafi na appendix yana ci gaba da muhawara a yau a cikin al'ummar kimiyya.

Rashin daidaituwa

Ya dace da a kumburin appendix. Appendicitis yawanci yana faruwa ne ta hanyar toshewa a cikin appendix tare da najasa ko abubuwa na waje. Hakanan za'a iya fifita wannan toshewar ta hanyar canza rufin hanji ko haɓakar ƙari a gindin kari. Taimakawa ga ci gaban ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, wannan toshewar zai haifar da halayen kumburi, wanda zai iya bayyana kansa ta hanyoyi daban-daban:

• ciwon ciki kusa da cibiya, wanda yawanci yakan yi muni a cikin sa'o'i;
• rikicewar narkewar abinci, wanda a wasu lokuta na iya faruwa ta hanyar tashin zuciya, amai ko maƙarƙashiya;
• zazzabi mai laushi, wanda ke faruwa a wasu lokuta.

Appendicitis yana buƙatar gaggawar kulawar likita saboda yana iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani kamar peritonitis (kumburi na peritoneum) ko sepsis (cututtuka na gabaɗaya). Yafi faruwa a cikin mutane kasa da shekaru 30, wannan kumburi ya ƙunshigaggawa likita mafi yawan lokuta.

Appendicectomie

Maganin appendicitis yana buƙatar tiyata na gaggawa: appendectomy. Wannan ya kunshi cire appendix don hana kamuwa da cuta daga tasowa a cikin jiki. Na kowa, wannan aikin yana wakiltar kusan kashi 30% na hanyoyin tiyata da aka yi akan ciki a Faransa. Ana iya yin shi ta hanyoyi guda biyu:

• na al'ada, ta hanyar yin ɓangarorin ƴan santimita kusa da cibiya, wanda ke ba da damar shiga shafi;
• ta hanyar laparoscopy ko laparoscopy, ta hanyar yin ɓangarorin uku na ƴan milimita a cikin ciki, wanda ke ba da damar shigar da kyamara don jagorantar ayyukan likitan tiyata.

Appendicitis yana da wuyar ganewa. A cikin shakku, ana bada shawara don neman shawarar likita na gaggawa. Ana ba da shawarar appendectomy sau da yawa don kawar da haɗarin rikitarwa.

Nazarin jiki

Sakamakon ganewar asali na appendicitis yana farawa tare da nazarin alamun da aka gane.

Binciken likita

Ana iya yin gwajin jini don neman alamun kamuwa da cuta.

Gwajin hoton likitanci

Don zurfafa ganewar asali, ana iya lura da ƙari ta hanyar fasahar hoto na likita irin su CT scan na ciki ko MRI abdominopelvic.

Bincike akan kari ya fi wahala tunda wannan ci gaban ba ya samuwa a cikin sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa. Ko da yake an gabatar da hasashe da yawa, har yanzu ba a san ainihin rawar da abin ya shafa ba.