Jijiyoyin mata (jijiya, daga arteria na Latin, daga arteria na Girkanci, femoral, daga ƙananan femoralis na Latin) yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan jijiyoyi na ƙananan ƙafafu.

Matsayi. Biyu a lamba, jijiyoyin femoral arteries suna cikin ƙananan gaɓoɓin, kuma mafi daidai tsakanin hip da gwiwa (1).

Origin. Jijiyoyin mata na biye da jijiyoyin iliac na waje a hip (1).

hanyar. Jijiyoyin mata suna wucewa ta cikin triangle na mata, wanda aka kafa a sashi ta hanyar haɗin inguinal. Yana shimfidawa ta hanyar igiya mai tsauri, yana shimfidawa tare da kashin femoral daga triangle na femoral zuwa jijiyar igiya mai tsayi (1) (2).

ƙarshe. Jijiyoyin mata na mace yana ƙarewa kuma an ƙara shi ta hanyar jijiyar popliteal daga jijiyar jijiya na adductor (1).

Ressan jijiya na mata. Tare da hanyarta, jijiyar femoral yana haifar da rassa daban-daban (2):

• Jijiyoyin epigastric na sama ya samo asali a ƙarƙashin ligament na inguinal, sannan ya hau.
• Abin kunya na waje arteries suna zuwa fata na yankin inguinal. Haka kuma suna tafiya a matakin lebba mai girma na farji a mata, da kuma a cikin mazakuta.
• Ƙwararren jijiyar iliac circumflex na sama yana gudana zuwa fata na hip, kuma musamman a yankin kashin baya.
• Zurfin jijiya mai zurfi ya taso game da 5cm daga ligament na inguinal kuma yana wakiltar mafi mahimmancin reshe na jijiyoyin mata. Daga nan sai ta haifar da rassa da yawa: jijiya mai tsaka-tsaki ta cinya, jijiya ta gefe na cinya, da wasu jijiyoyin bugun jini uku zuwa hudu.
• Jijiyoyin da ke saukowa na gwiwa ya samo asali ne a cikin tashar adductor kuma yana tafiya zuwa matakin gwiwa da tsakiyar gefen kafa.

Ban ruwa. Jijin mata na mata yana ba da damar jijiyar jijiyoyi da yawa a cikin kwatangwalo da ƙananan ƙafafu, kuma galibi a cikin cinya.

Hanyoyin cututtuka da ke shafar jijiyoyin mata na iya haifar da ciwo a cikin ƙananan ƙafafu.

Arteritis na ƙananan ƙafafu. Arteritis na ƙananan gaɓɓai ya dace da canji na bangon arteries, ciki har da na jijiyar mace (3). Wannan Pathology yana haifar da toshewar jijiya yana haifar da raguwar samar da jini da iskar oxygen. Tsarin ba su da ƙarancin ban ruwa kuma tsokoki ba su da iskar oxygen. Wannan shi ake kira ischemia. Arteritis sau da yawa yakan faru ne saboda ƙaddamar da cholesterol tare da samuwar plaques, atheromas. Wadannan suna haifar da amsawar kumburi: atherosclerosis. Wadannan halayen kumburi na iya kaiwa ga jajayen kwayoyin jini kuma su haifar da thrombosis.

Thrombosis. Wannan ilimin cututtuka ya dace da samuwar jini a cikin jini. Lokacin da wannan ilimin cututtuka ya shafi jijiya, ana kiranta thrombosis arterial.

Hawan jini artérielle. Wannan ilimin cututtuka ya dace da matsananciyar matsananciyar jini a kan bangon arteries, wanda ke faruwa musamman a matakin jijiyar femoral. Yana iya ƙara haɗarin cututtukan jijiyoyin jini (4).

Drug jiyya. Dangane da cututtukan da aka gano, ana iya rubuta wasu magunguna, musamman don rage hawan jini.

Thrombolyse. Ana amfani da shi a lokacin bugun jini, wannan maganin ya ƙunshi wargajewar thrombi, ko ƙwanƙwasa jini, tare da taimakon magunguna.

Jiyya na tiyata. Dangane da ilimin cututtukan da aka gano da kuma juyin halittar sa, tiyata na iya zama dole. A cikin abin da ya faru na arteritis, za a iya danne jijiyar mace, alal misali, don dakatar da kwararar jini a cikin jijiya na dan lokaci (2).

Nazarin jiki. Na farko, ana yin gwajin asibiti don ganowa da tantance zafin da mai haƙuri ya gane.

Gwajin hoton likitanci. Za a iya amfani da gwaje-gwajen X-ray, CT, CT da arteriography don tabbatarwa ko ci gaba da ganewar asali.

Doppler duban dan tayi. Wannan takamaiman duban dan tayi yana ba da damar lura da kwararar jini.

Idan akwai ciwon jijiya, ana iya matse jijiyar mace don dakatar da zagayawa a cikin jijiya na ɗan lokaci (2). Kalmar “clamping” ta fito ne daga kalmar Ingilishi “ƙuntata” dangane da matsin tiyata da aka yi amfani da shi a wannan fasaha.