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Menene emphysema subcutaneous?
Cutaramar emphysema - wannan shine tarin iskar gas ko iska a cikin kyallen takarda, yana haifar da samuwar matashin iska. A zahiri, ana iya fassara kalmar emphysema azaman ƙarar iska. Dalilin wannan cuta zai iya zama rauni a kirji, sakamakon abin da sassan numfashi suka ji rauni sosai, da kuma lalacewa ga esophagus. Abin da ya sa iskar da ke shiga mediastinum ta danne manyan arteries da tasoshin, wanda ke haifar da asphyxia, rashin wadatar zuciya da kuma, sakamakon haka, mutuwa.
Dalilin emphysema na subcutaneous kuma na iya zama rauni mai zurfi na waje, lokacin da gabobin numfashi suka lalace.
A cikin magani, al'ada ce don bambance tsakanin manyan hanyoyin samun iska mai shiga kyallen takarda, wato, uku kawai:
rauni na kirji, wanda ke da mallakar kawai barin iska a cikin kyallen takarda, amma ba ya ba shi damar komawa baya;
idan akwai lalacewa ga bronchi, trachea ko esophagus, lokacin da mediastinal pleura ya lalace, don haka iska daga mediastinum yana shiga cikin rami na pleural da yardar kaina;
cin zarafi na lokaci guda na amincin parietal pleura da huhu, raunin yana da bayyanar bawul-kamar.
Lokacin da iska ta shiga cikin kyallen takarda, zai iya motsawa cikin yardar kaina a ƙarƙashin fata daga yankin yanki zuwa yankin fuska. Emphysema na subcutaneous sau da yawa baya haifar da wata damuwa da marasa lafiya ke iya ganewa. A cikin kanta, wannan cuta ba ta da haɗari idan an gano dalilin faruwar ta a cikin lokaci. Don nemo dalilin, yana da mahimmanci a bi yanayin haɓakar wannan tsari.
Likitoci sun raba duk marasa lafiya zuwa nau'ikan shekaru biyu: matasa da waɗanda suka riga suka wuce shekaru 40. Cutar a cikin irin waɗannan mutane koyaushe tana faruwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. A cikin matasa, masu shekaru kimanin shekaru 20-30, emphysema yana faruwa a cikin nau'i mai laushi kuma ba tare da wani sakamako ba. A cikin tsofaffi, masu shekaru sama da 40, cutar ta fi tsanani kuma farfadowa daga cutar yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kaɗan.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da emphysema subcutaneous
Likitoci sun bambanta dalilai masu zuwa, sakamakon abin da emphysema subcutaneous ya bayyana:
Na kullum mashako, shan taba. A cikin 90% na lokuta, shan taba ne ke haifar da ci gaban emphysema. Yawancin marasa lafiya sun yi kuskure da yarda cewa mashako mai shan taba cuta ce gaba ɗaya mara lahani. Hayakin taba yana ƙunshe da adadi mai yawa na abubuwa masu cutarwa waɗanda ke haifar da lalata hanyoyin numfashi a jikin mai shan taba. Wannan yana haifar da canje-canje masu nauyi;
Canji a cikin nau'i na al'ada na ƙirji saboda sakamakon tasirin waje, rauni;
Mummunan raunuka (rufewar haƙarƙari, guntu wanda ya huda huhu) ko tiyatar ƙirji, laparoscopy;
Anomaly a cikin ci gaban gabobin na numfashi, mafi sau da yawa wadannan su ne nakasassu na haihuwa;
Inhalation na abubuwa masu guba waɗanda ke da tasiri mai lalacewa akan tsarin numfashi (ayyukan sana'a, gurɓataccen yanayi, aiki tare da abubuwa masu guba ko a cikin samar da haɗari, magina, da dai sauransu, mutanen da suke shaka iska mai dauke da datti mai cutarwa);
Raunin harbin bindiga, an yi kusan babu komai. Saboda tasirin iskar foda akan fata a kusa da rauni, emphysema mara nauyi yana faruwa;
ciwon anaerobic;
Wuka, raunuka mara kyau;
Hadarin mota inda wadanda abin ya shafa suka bugi kirjinsu akan sitiyari ko kujeru da karfi;
Lalacewa ga huhu wanda ya haifar da matsanancin matsa lamba na ciki, abin da ake kira barotrauma (tsalle cikin ruwa, nutse mai zurfi zuwa zurfin);
Tare da karaya na kasusuwan fuska;
Neoplasms a wuyansa da kuma a cikin trachea;
Angina Ludwig;
Perforation na esophagus. Wannan dalili shi ne mafi wuya;
Wani lokaci emphysema yana faruwa a lokacin aikin tiyata na hakori, saboda bambancin kayan aiki;
Rauni ga babban haɗin gwiwa (haɗin gwiwa);
Tare da iska ta wucin gadi na huhu. Amfani da bututun tracheal.
Alamomin emphysema na subcutaneous
Sau da yawa alamomin emphysema na subcutaneous sune:
kumburi a wuyansa;
ciwon kirji lokacin numfashi;
ciwon makogwaro, wahalar haɗiye;
numfashi mai wahala;
kumburin fata a cikin rashin bayyanar cututtuka na tsarin kumburinta.
Kuna iya gano emphysema na subcutaneous ta amfani da X-ray a cikin matakan ƙarshe na cutar. Kazalika mai sauƙi palpation a cikin yankin da aka nufa na tara iska. A ƙarƙashin yatsu, kasancewar kumfa a ƙarƙashin fata za a ji sosai.
Lokacin da aka tada, majiyyaci ba zai ji wani ciwo ko rashin jin daɗi ba. Lokacin da ka danna kan yanki na tara iskar gas, ana jin sauti mai mahimmanci, wanda yake tunawa da kullun dusar ƙanƙara. Tare da tarin iska mai mahimmanci a ƙarƙashin fata, kyallen da ke kusa da wannan yanki suna kumbura har ya zama sananne ga ido tsirara.
Idan emphysema na subcutaneous ya samo asali a cikin wuyansa, mai haƙuri zai iya canza muryarsa kuma zai yi wuyar numfashi.
Iska na iya taruwa a karkashin fata a sassa daban-daban na jiki, har ma da kafafu da hannaye, da ciki.
Jiyya na subcutaneous emphysema
Ana iya gano cutar ta emphysema tare da hoton X-ray ko CT na ƙirji. Da zarar an ga kumfa na iska a cikin kyallen jikin jiki, ana fara magani nan da nan. A farkon matakan cutar, ana gudanar da maganin ra'ayin mazan jiya, wato, an ba da izini na musamman na sprays da aerosols. Duk da haka, ba za su iya hana ci gaban cutar ba.
Likitoci suna kula da yanayin cutar a hankali tare da takamaiman mita, kuma ana lura da cutar da cutar sau 2 ko 3 a shekara. A lokacin irin wannan tashin hankali, ƙarancin numfashi yana tasowa. A cikin matakai na uku da na hudu na emphysema, maganin warkewa ba shi da wani tasiri akan cutar kuma mai haƙuri ya yarda da aikin tiyata.
Kodayake a gaskiya, emphysema na subcutaneous sau da yawa baya buƙatar kowane magani. Da kanta, wannan cuta ba ta haifar da wani haɗari ga jikin ɗan adam ba, illa kawai sakamakon rauni na waje ko wasu gabobin ciki. Kuma bayan haka an cire shi. Allurar iska a ƙarƙashin fata tana tsayawa. A hankali cutar ta bace ba tare da magani na musamman ba.
Yadda aka kawar da dalilin emphysema yadda ya kamata shine sake jujjuyawar iska. Don hanzarta aikin warkarwa, ana ba da shawarar motsa jiki na numfashi a cikin iska mai sabo. A wannan yanayin, jini yana cike da iskar oxygen, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga leaching na nitrogen daga jiki.
Dangane da girman emphysema, ana yin wani aikin tiyata, wanda ke nufin haɓakar kawar da tarin iska.
Emphysema na iya zama haɗari ne kawai idan ya samo asali a cikin kirji kuma ya bazu cikin sauri zuwa wuyansa, da farko a ƙarƙashin fata, sa'an nan kuma ya shiga cikin kyallen wuyan wuyansa da mediastinum, wanda zai iya haifar da matsawa na gabobin ciki. A wannan yanayin, aikin gaggawa ya zama dole, wanda zai taimaka wajen gano dalilin allurar iska, da kuma kawar da shi ba tare da mummunan sakamako ga mai haƙuri ba.