spermocytogram yana daya daga cikin mahimman gwaje-gwaje a cikin binciken haihuwa na namiji. Wani sashe mai mahimmanci na tantancewar maniyyi, ya ƙunshi lura da na'urar hangen nesa da yanayin halittar nau'ikan abubuwa uku guda uku na spermatozoa: kai, tsaka-tsaki da kuma flagellum.

spermocytogram jarrabawa ce da ke da nufin yin nazarin yanayin halittar maniyyi, ɗaya daga cikin sifofin maniyyi da aka yi nazari a matsayin wani ɓangare na duban haihuwa. Yana ba da damar ƙayyade adadin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan) yana ba da damar yin la'akari da ma'anar ma'amala da ma'anar halittar mahaifa, mahimman bayanan tsinkaye don ayyana yiwuwar hadi. a vivo (cikin dabi'a) da a vivo. Don haka spermocytogram yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke jagorantar kula da ma'aurata a cikin zuriya, classic in vitro hadi (IVF) ko allurar intracytoplasmic (ICSI).

Ana yin spermocytogram akan samfurin maniyyi daga mutumin. Domin samun ingantaccen sakamako, tarin maniyyi dole ne a yi shi a ƙarƙashin tsauraran sharuɗɗa:

• sun lura da lokacin kauracewa jima'i na kwanaki 2 zuwa 7, bisa ga shawarwarin WHO na 2010 (1);
• a yayin da zazzabi, magani, X-ray, tiyata, tarin za a jinkirta saboda wadannan al'amura na iya wucin gadi canza spermatogenesis.

Tarin yana faruwa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. A wani daki da aka keɓe na musamman, bayan an wanke hannaye da gyale a tsanake, mutumin yana tattara maniyyinsa a cikin kwalbar bakararre, bayan al'aura.

Daga nan sai a sanya maniyyi a cikin tanda a zafin jiki na 37 ° C na tsawon minti 30, sannan ana nazarin sigogi daban-daban na maniyyi: yawan maniyyi, motsin su, ƙarfin su da ilimin halittar su.

Wannan ma'auni na ƙarshe, ko spermocytogram, shine mafi tsayi kuma mafi wuya mataki na spermogram. Ƙarƙashin microscope na X1000, akan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun smears da tabo, masanin halittu yana nazarin sassa daban-daban na spermatozoa don gano duk wani rashin daidaituwa:

• rashin daidaituwa na kai;
• anomalies na tsaka-tsakin sashi;
• rashin daidaituwa na flagellum, ko babban sashi.

Daga wannan karatun, masanin ilmin halitta zai bayyana adadin yawan morphologically hankula ko maniyyi, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na rashin daidaituwa. 

Ana gudanar da spermocytogram a matsayin wani ɓangare na spermogram (binciken maniyyi), jarrabawar da aka tsara ta tsari ga maza yayin bincikar haihuwa na ma'aurata suna tuntuɓar matsalolin samun ciki.

Akwai rabe-rabe guda biyu don sakamakon spermocytogram: gyare-gyaren David classification (2), Faransanci, da kuma Kruger, na duniya, wanda Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta ba da shawarar. Za a nuna rabe-rabe da aka yi amfani da shi akan sakamakon.

Tsarukan biyu sun lissafa duk abubuwan da ba su da kyau da aka samu akan mafi ƙarancin spermatozoa 100, amma tare da tsarin daban:

• Rabe-raben Kruger Yana gano nau'o'i 4 na anomalies cikin tsari mai mahimmanci: abubuwan da suka shafi acrosome (bangare a gaban kai), na kai, na tsakiya da na flagellum. Yana ɗaukar anomaly ɗaya kawai a cikin ɗaya daga cikin azuzuwan 4 don rarraba maniyyi a matsayin "siffa ta asali";
• rarrabuwar David da aka gyara gano 7 anomalies na kai ( elongated, thinned, microcephalic, macrocephalic, mahara kai, gabatar da wani mahaukaci ko rashi acrosome, gabatar da wani maras al'ada tushe), 3 anomalies na tsaka-tsaki part (hasuwar cytoplasmic saura, ƙananan hanji, angulated) da 5. anomalies flagellum (ba ya nan, yanke gajere, ma'auni mara daidaituwa, murɗa da yawa) a cikin tebur ɗin shigarwa sau biyu.

Matsakaicin sifofi na yau da kullun kuma ya bambanta bisa ga rabe-raben biyu. A cewar Kruger rarrabuwa, sperm morphology an ce ya zama al'ada lokacin da mutum ya lura da kasancewar akalla 4% na al'ada spermatozoa, a kan 15% bisa ga modified David classification. A ƙasa, muna magana game da teratospermia (ko teratozoospermia), rashin daidaituwa na maniyyi wanda zai iya rage yiwuwar ciki.

Koyaya, maniyyi mara kyau koyaushe yana buƙatar dubawa na biyu a cikin watanni 3 (tsawon lokacin sake zagayowar spermatogenesis shine kwanaki 74), saboda abubuwa da yawa (danniya, kamuwa da cuta, da sauransu) na iya canza maniyyi na ɗan lokaci.

Idan an tabbatar da teratozoospermia, IVF-ICSI (hadi na in vitro tare da allurar intracytoplasmic) za a iya ba wa ma'aurata. Wannan dabarar AMP ta ƙunshi allurar maniyyi ɗaya, wanda aka zaɓa a baya kuma an shirya shi, kai tsaye zuwa cikin cytoplasm na balagagge oocyte.