A cikin wannan ɗaba'ar, za mu yi la'akari da ƙa'idodi na asali don buɗe shinge, tare da su tare da misalai don ƙarin fahimtar kayan ka'idar.
Fadada maƙarƙashiya - maye gurbin magana da ke ɗauke da maƙala tare da magana daidai da shi, amma ba tare da maɓalli ba.
Dokokin faɗaɗa maƙala
Mulkin 1
Idan akwai "ƙari" a gaban maƙallan, to, alamun duk lambobi a cikin maƙallan ba su canzawa.
Ƙarin bayani: Wadancan. Plus times plus yana yin ƙari, kuma ƙari sau da ragi yana ragewa.
misalai:
6 + (21 - 18 - 37) =6 + 21 - 18 - 37 20 + (-8 + 42 - 86 - 97) =20 - 8 + 42 - 86 - 97
Mulkin 2
Idan akwai raguwa a gaban maƙallan, to, alamun duk lambobi a cikin maƙallan suna juyawa.
Ƙarin bayani: Wadancan. Rage sau da ƙari shine ragi, kuma ragi sau ɗaya shine ƙari.
misalai:
65 - (-20 + 16 - 3) =65 + 20 - 16 + 3 116 - (49 + 37 - 18 - 21) =116 - 49 - 37 + 18 + 21
Mulkin 3
Idan akwai alamar "yawan yawa" kafin ko bayan maƙallan, duk ya dogara da abin da ake yi a cikin su:
Ƙara da/ko ragi
a ⋅ (b - c + d) =a ⋅ b - a ⋅ c + a ⋅ d (b+c-d) ⋅ a =a ⋅ b + a ⋅ c - a ⋅ d
Yawaita
a ⋅ (b ⋅ c ⋅ d) =a ⋅ b⋅ c ⋅ d (b ⋅ c ⋅ d) ⋅ a =b ⋅ с ⋅ d ⋅ a
Division
da (b : c) =(a ⋅ b): p =(a: c) ⋅ b (a: b) c =(a ⋅ c): b =(c: b) ba a
misalai:
18 ⋅ (11 + 5-3) =18 ⋅ 11 + 18 ⋅ 5 - 18 ⋅ 3 4 ⋅ (9 ⋅ 13 ⋅ 27) =4 ⋅ 9 ⋅ 13⋅ 27 100 ⋅ (36: 12) =(100 ⋅ 36): 12
Mulkin 4
Idan akwai alamar rarraba kafin ko bayan maƙallan, to, kamar yadda yake a cikin tsarin da ke sama, duk ya dogara da abin da ake yi a cikin su:
Ƙara da/ko ragi
Da farko, ana aiwatar da aikin a cikin baka, watau sakamakon jimla ko bambancin lambobi, sannan a yi rarraba.
a: (b-c +d)
b - с + d = e
da: e = f
(b+c-d): a
b + с – d = e
e: a = f
Yawaita
a: (b ⋅ c) =a: b:c ku =a: c: ba (b ⋅ c): a =(b: a) ⋅ p =(da : a) ⋅ b
Division
da: (b: c) =(a: b) ⋅ p =(c: b) ba a (b: c): a =b:c: ku =b: (a ⋅ c)
misalai:
72: (9-8) =72:1 160: (40 ⋅ 4) =160:40:4 600: (300: 2) =(600:300) ⋅ 2