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A yawancin kifayen ruwa, haifuwa yana farawa a lokacin bazara kuma kusan har zuwa ƙarshen lokacin rani. Kifin ruwa yana tsiro daga ƙarshen bazara har zuwa Janairu. A wannan lokacin, akwai ƙuntatawa game da kamun kifi, ciki har da amfani da wuraren ninkaya (kwale-kwalen kwale-kwale, kwale-kwale, da sauransu). Wani wuri don yin iyo a cikin jirgin ruwa a cikin haramcin zubar da ruwa a kan jirgin ruwa ya cika, amma wani wuri iyakance. Yana da mahimmanci a san waɗannan abubuwan don kada a hukunta su da ruble.
Amfani da jirgin ruwa a lokacin hana haifuwa
Ana gabatar da ƙuntatawa ta hanyar ayyukan majalisa masu dacewa. Kowace kamun kifi yana da nasa hani da hani. Don haka, kafin ku fita cikin jirgin ruwa, kuna buƙatar yin nazarin dokokin yankin ku. Alal misali, bisa ga ka'idodin kamun kifi na yankin Novosibirsk, an rufe wasu wuraren ruwa don lokacin spawning, amma ba duka ba.
Dokokin sun ba da jerin takamaiman wuraren da aka haramta yin ruwa. A sauran tafkunan babu harami. Amma yana da kyau kada a dauki kayan aiki a cikin jirgin ruwa, tun da ba a san yadda mai duba zai dauki wannan ba.
Ana amfani da irin waɗannan matakan don adana albarkatun ƙasa. Hukumomi suna sanya takunkumi kuma ta haka ne ke ba wa mutane damar haifuwa kamar yadda aka saba. In ba haka ba, lalacewar da ba za a iya gyarawa ba za a yi wa yanayi. Amma mutane da yawa suna sha'awar tambayar, shin zai yiwu a yi tafiya a cikin jirgin ruwa a lokacin hana haifuwa?
Shin zai yiwu a yi kifi ko kuma kawai a hau
Don ƙarin ingantattun bayanai, ya zama dole a koma zuwa ga ƙa'idodin doka na wani yanki. Suna iya bambanta sosai. Ya dogara da kasancewar wasu mazaunan ruwa, adadinsu da sauran siffofi.
Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, kowane mutum da aka kama a lokacin haifuwa ya rage yawan kifi 3-5 a nan gaba. Don haka, wanda aka kama ganima zai iya rage dabbar da sau uku, sau biyar.
Gabaɗaya, ba a haramta kamun kifi mai son ba, amma yana da hani. Kuna iya kamun kifi daga bakin teku kawai. Wani wuri ko da ƙugiya biyu an yarda. Ainihin yana daya. Dangane da ko yana yiwuwa a yi kifi daga jirgin ruwa a lokacin haramcin, ba za a iya yin hakan ba. A wasu yankuna, an hana hawan jirgin ruwa kawai a lokacin ciyarwa.
Alal misali, a cikin yankin Moscow, bisa ga ka'idodin kamun kifi na Volga-Caspian, an haramta yin tafiya a kan abubuwa na ruwa na tattalin arziki a kan ƙananan ƙananan jiragen ruwa (motoci) na kowane nau'i a lokacin da aka haramta.
Da zarar an gama haifuwa, wannan haramcin kamun kifi daga jirgin ruwa ya daina aiki. Kuna iya yin kifi da duk abin da aka yarda da shi, da kuma amfani da jirgin ruwa tare da injin ko kuma kawai ku hau. Kwanakin da za a iya amfani da jiragen ruwa sun dogara da yankin.
Alal misali, a cikin yankin Nizhny Novgorod a kan kogin Or, an ba da izinin yin ruwa bayan Yuni 10. Haka yake a cikin tafki na Cheboksary. Bayan Yuni 15 a Gorky tafki tare da tributary. A cewar Kwamitin Kula da Farauta na Jiha na yankin Nizhny Novgorod, an haramta amfani da kananan kwale-kwale a wuraren haifuwa. Ba a nuna shi tare da ko babu babur. Bisa ga wannan, ya bayyana cewa haramcin ya shafi duk kananan jiragen ruwa.
Wasu yankuna suna ba da izinin yin tuƙi mai sauƙi, amma ba a cikin wuraren haifuwa ba, amma a cikin Yoshkar-Ola, ƙuntatawa ba su da ƙarfi sosai. A cewar sanarwar Shugaban Kula da Kula da Kayayyakin Kifi, Sergey Blinov, an ba da izinin tafiya a kan jirgin ruwa idan ba shi da kayan aiki. A kan kwale-kwale ana ba da izinin samun sandar ruwa ɗaya ko ƙasa, amma ba don kifi ba.
Menene doka ta ce kuma me ta tsara?
An tsara masana'antar kamun kifi ta Doka 457 na Dokar Tarayya "Akan Kamun Nishaɗi". Wannan NPA ta fayyace mahimman abubuwan, gami da masu takurawa. Yana da kyau a yi nazarin wannan doka ta doka, tun da alhakin yana ba da izini ba kawai na gudanarwa (cira da kwace), amma har ma da laifi.
Bugu da ƙari, Dokar N 166 - FZ "Akan Kamun Kifi da Kula da Albarkatun Ruwa" yana aiki. Yana daidaita masana'antu, nishaɗi da kamun kifi na wasanni.
A lokacin haifuwa, an haramta kamun kifi na kasuwanci gaba ɗaya.
Amma an yarda masu kifin talakawa su kama kifi. Gaskiya ne, kawai daga bakin teku kuma ba a wuraren da aka haƙa kai tsaye ba. Bugu da kari, kada mai kamun kifi ya yi amfani da sanda fiye da daya. An yarda ƙugiya biyu. Hukumomi suna gabatar da irin waɗannan matakan ne don adana albarkatun halittu na ruwa, ba don sake cika asusun ba.
A cikin 2021, dokokin kamun kifi na nishaɗi sun sami sauye-sauye masu mahimmanci. Talakawa masunta sun dade suna jiran su. A cewar gyare-gyaren, babu wuraren kamun kifi a yanzu. Ban da yankunan Arewa, Siberiya da Gabas mai Nisa. Ana samun mutane mafi daraja kuma ba kasafai a cikin wadannan wuraren ruwa ba.
A cikin sauran sassan ruwa (koguna, tafkuna, tafki), kamun kifi mai son zama jama'a, sabili da haka kyauta. Tabbas, ban da wuraren tafki masu zaman kansu, kiyaye yanayi da sauransu. Gaskiya ne, a wasu lokuta, irin su spawning, an gabatar da ƙarin matakan ƙuntatawa.
Saboda haka, a cikin ruwa yankin na Saratov tafki, an gabatar da hana spawning daga farkon Mayu zuwa farkon kwanaki goma na Yuni. A kan wasu tafkunan, an tsara dokoki daban. Misali, an gabatar da haramcin daga 25.04. zuwa 25.06. a cikin ruwayen Big and Small Uzen.
Dokar kuma ta tsara adadin kama kowane nau'in. Ya haɗa da ba kawai yawa ba, har ma da girma. Matsakaicin adadin yau da kullun kada ya wuce kilogiram 5 ga kowane mai kamun kifi.
Idan aka kama mutumin da aka jera a cikin Jajayen Littafin, ya zama dole a sake shi. A wasu lokuta, an haramta girbin kifi da kifin idan girmansu bai dace da na kasuwanci ba.
A wasu yankuna, ana yin kirgawa ba ta nauyi ba, amma ta yanki. Misali, a cikin Primorye, ana ba da izinin guda 100 na wasu nau'ikan kifi. A cikin yankin Leningrad, an ba da izinin kama mutane fiye da 5 na zander kowace rana.
Ba a kafa tsarin yau da kullum a lokacin wasanni da sauran abubuwan da suka faru ba.
Har ila yau, yana da kyau a san cewa akwai wasu haramcin yin amfani da ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Alal misali, bayan fara daskarewa da kuma kafin ƙarshen drift na kankara (ba tare da injin ba). Bugu da ƙari, ko da gano jirgin ruwa a kan ruwa an haramta.
Shin samun mota yana da mahimmanci?
Kasancewar motar a kan jirgin ruwa yana da mummunan tasiri a kan wakilan fauna, wato, sautin injin yana tsoratar da kifi kuma ya daina cin abinci kullum, wasu damuwa sun bayyana, wanda daga baya ya shafi tsarin haifuwa. Bayan lokaci, wannan na iya tasiri sosai ga lambobin sa. Don haka, an haramta yin amfani da kwale-kwalen babur a lokacin haifuwa.
Misali, a wasu batutuwa, ba wai jiragen ruwa da injina kadai aka hana ba, har ma da jet skis, catamarans, kwale-kwale na ruwa da ma kayak. Yawancin lokaci, ƙa'idodin sun ƙayyade takamaiman wuraren ruwa da sharuɗɗan ban. Mai keta na iya samun tarar motar a lokacin haifuwa.
A cikin Oktoba 2017, an gabatar da dokar hana kamun kifi na Baikal omul. A cikin kusan shekaru hudu, adadin jinsunan da ba kasafai ba ya karu da kashi 15-20%, in ji Leonid Mikhailik, shugaban reshen Baikal na Cibiyar Kasafin Kudi ta Jihar Tarayya.
A cikin 2017, adadin biospecies ya ragu da tan takwas. Matakan da aka ɗauka a kan lokaci sun ba da damar inganta yanayin, kuma kifi ya fara haɗe. Har yanzu an fara tattaunawa kan dage haramcin, amma har yanzu ba a bayyana takamaiman ranaku ba.
Hakki da tarar amfani da kananan jiragen ruwa don haifuwa
Cire albarkatun halittun ruwa don hayayyafa da keta doka na iya haifar da hukuncin gudanarwa ko aikata laifuka. Tarar don motsawa a kusa da wuraren da aka haɗe, bisa ga Code of Administrative Offences, jeri daga biyu zuwa dubu biyar rubles. An rubuta wannan hukunci a cikin labarin 8.37 na sashi na 2 na Code of Administrative Laifin na Tarayyar Rasha. A lokaci guda kuma, an kwace kwale-kwalen da abin da ya ke ciki. Jami'ai za su biya 20-30 dubu rubles don wannan aikin, kuma ƙungiyoyin doka 100-200 dubu.
Sarrafa kan bin ka'idodin kamun kifi ana aiwatar da su ba kawai ta masu binciken kifin ba, har ma da jami'an 'yan sanda (ciki har da 'yan sandan zirga-zirga), jami'an kan iyaka, idan yankin ruwa yana cikin yankin kan iyaka. Waɗannan sassan na iya dakatar da abin hawa don tabbatar da bin dokar kamun kifi.
Baya ga ka'idojin laifuffukan gudanarwa, ana iya zartar da hukunci daidai da ayyukan majalisa na batutuwa. Don haka a cikin yankin Nizhny Novgorod don amfani da jirgin ruwa a cikin filayen haifuwa (a lokacin lokacin haifuwa) an sanya tarar gudanarwa a cikin adadin 2-4 dubu rubles. An ba da alhaki a cikin labarin 5.14. Lambobin Yankin Nizhny Novgorod akan Laifukan Gudanarwa.
Amma wannan baya nufin cewa za'a iya kawo wanda ya keta haddi a ƙarƙashin ka'idojin laifuffukan gudanarwa. Don irin wannan laifin, ba za a iya gurfanar da ɗan ƙasa sau biyu ko fiye ba.
Amma idan kuka tsananta lamarin, to tabbas ba za ku fita daga cikin kunci ba. Abin da ake bukata shine kamun kifi na mazauna ruwa daga jirgin ruwa na mota musamman ma manya. Wannan doka, bisa ga labarin 256 na kundin laifuffuka na Tarayyar Rasha, ya ƙunshi tarar 300-500 rubles, aikin gyara, ko ɗaurin shekaru har zuwa shekaru biyu.
Kuna iya fada ƙarƙashin laifin laifi idan akwai lalacewa daga 100 dubu rubles.
Bari mu dauki misali. An haramta kamun kifi na Sturgeon. An kiyasta daya sturgeon a kan 160 rubles. Don haka, ya isa mafarauci ya kama mutum guda ya je gidan yari. Bugu da ƙari, za a caje wani adadi don lalacewa ga wani nau'i mai mahimmanci.
Kada ku karya doka kuma ku kula da yanayi!