Colin Campbell, wani masanin kimiyar Amurka, ya gudanar da wani babban nazari kan alakar abinci da lafiya. Ya bayyana sakamakon wannan aiki na duniya a cikin littafinsa The China Study.
Kashi 96% na yawan jama'a daga fiye da kananan hukumomi 2400 na kasar Sin an yi nazari kan su. An yi nazari kan dukkan cututtukan da suka mutu daga nau'ikan ciwon daji daban-daban. Sai kawai a cikin 2-3% na lokuta masu cutarwa marasa lafiya saboda dalilai na kwayoyin halitta. Saboda haka, masana kimiyya sun fara neman alakar cututtuka tare da salon rayuwa, abinci mai gina jiki da muhalli.
Dangantaka tsakanin ciwon daji da abinci mai gina jiki a bayyane yake. Dauki, misali, ciwon nono. Akwai manyan abubuwan haɗari da yawa don faruwar sa, kuma abinci mai gina jiki yana shafar bayyanar su ta hanya mafi bayyane. Don haka, cin abinci mai yawan furotin na dabba da carbohydrates mai ladabi yana ƙara yawan matakan hormones mata da matakan cholesterol na jini - waɗannan abubuwa ne guda 2 waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ci gaban ciwon daji.
Idan ya zo ga ciwon daji na hanji, haɗin yana ƙara bayyana. A cikin shekaru 70, yawancin mutane a cikin ƙasashen da ake amfani da nau'in abinci na yammacin Turai suna samun ciwon daji na babban hanji. Dalilin haka shi ne ƙarancin motsi, amfani da kitse mai kitse da ingantaccen carbohydrates, da ƙarancin abun ciki mai ƙarancin fiber a cikin abinci.
Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiya ga masu arziki shine yawan cholesterol a cikin jini. Lokacin da cholesterol ya yi yawa, ba kawai zuciya za ta iya wahala ba, hanta, hanji, huhu, haɗarin cutar sankarar bargo, ciwon daji na kwakwalwa, hanji, huhu, nono, ciki, esophagus da sauransu.
Idan muka dauki matsakaiciyar yawan jama'ar duniya a matsayin tushen: tare da karuwar wadata, mutane sun fara cin nama da kayan kiwo, a wasu kalmomi, yawancin sunadaran dabba, wanda ke haifar da samuwar cholesterol. A lokaci guda, yayin binciken, an sami kyakkyawar alaƙa tsakanin amfani da kayan dabba da haɓaka matakan cholesterol. Kuma a cikin lamuran da mutane suka samu sinadarai, galibi daga abincin shuka, an sami alaƙa tare da raguwar matakan cholesterol na jini.
Bari mu dubi cututtukan da suka saba da mutanen da suka fito daga yankuna masu wadata.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon zuciya na zuciya - atherosclerotic plaques - suna da mai a cikin kansu, kuma sun ƙunshi sunadarai, fats da sauran abubuwan da ke tarawa a bangon ciki na arteries. A cikin 1961, masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Zuciya ta Kasa sun gudanar da sanannen Nazarin Zuciya na Framingham. Muhimmiyar rawa a cikinta an ba da tasiri ga zuciyar irin waɗannan abubuwan kamar matakan cholesterol, aikin jiki, abinci mai gina jiki, shan taba da hawan jini. Har zuwa yau, binciken yana gudana, kuma tsara na huɗu na mazauna Framingham an yi shi. Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa maza masu matakan cholesterol na jini sama da 6,3 mmol sun fi kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya sau 3.
Lester Morrison a cikin 1946 ya fara bincike don gano alaƙar da ke tsakanin abinci mai gina jiki da atherosclerosis. Ga rukuni ɗaya na marasa lafiya waɗanda suka tsira daga ciwon zuciya na zuciya, ya ba da shawarar kiyaye abinci na yau da kullun, kuma ga wasu ya rage yawan cin mai da cholesterol. A cikin rukuni na gwaji, an hana cin abinci: nama, madara, kirim, man shanu, kwai yolks, burodi, kayan zaki da aka shirya ta amfani da waɗannan samfurori. Sakamakon ya kasance mai ban mamaki sosai: bayan shekaru 8, kawai 24% na mutane daga rukuni na farko (abincin gargajiya) ya kasance da rai. A cikin rukunin gwaji, kusan kashi 56% sun tsira.
A cikin 1969, an sake buga wani bincike game da adadin mace-mace daga cututtukan zuciya a kasashe daban-daban. Abin lura ne cewa ƙasashe kamar Yugoslavia, Indiya, Papua New Guinea a zahiri ba sa fama da cututtukan zuciya kwata-kwata. A cikin waɗannan ƙasashe, mutane suna cinye ƙarancin kitse da furotin na dabba da ƙarin cikakken hatsi, kayan lambu, da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Wani masanin kimiyya, Caldwell Esselstyn, ya gudanar da gwaji a kan marasa lafiyarsa. Babban burinsa shine ya rage matakan cholesterol na jini zuwa matakin al'ada na 3,9 mmol/L. Binciken ya ƙunshi mutanen da ba su da kyaun zuciya - marasa lafiya 18 a cikin jimlar suna da lokuta 49 na mummunan aikin zuciya a lokacin rayuwarsu, daga angina zuwa bugun jini da ciwon zuciya. A farkon binciken, matsakaicin matakin cholesterol ya kai 6.4 mmol/l. Yayin shirin, an rage wannan matakin zuwa 3,4 mmol/l, ko da ƙasa da yadda aka bayyana a cikin aikin bincike. To mene ne ainihin gwajin? Dokta Esselstyn ya gabatar da su ga abincin da ke guje wa kayan dabba, ban da yogurt mai ƙarancin mai da madara. Abin mamaki, kusan kashi 70% na marasa lafiya sun sami buɗaɗɗen arteries da suka toshe.
Ba tare da ambaton babban binciken da aka yi na Warkar da Zuciya tare da Rayuwa mai Lafiya ba, wanda Dokta Dean Ornish ya bi da marasa lafiya tare da ƙarancin mai, abinci mai gina jiki. Ya ba da umarnin a karɓa daga mai kawai kashi 10% na abincin yau da kullun. A wasu hanyoyi, wannan yana tunawa da abincin Douglas Graham 80/10/10. Marasa lafiya za su iya cin abinci iri ɗaya na tushen shuka kamar yadda suke so: kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, hatsi. Har ila yau, shirin na gyare-gyare ya haɗa da motsa jiki sau 3 a mako, motsa jiki na numfashi da shakatawa. A cikin 82% na batutuwa, an sami raguwa mai yawa a cikin matakan cholesterol, raguwar toshewar arteries kuma babu lokuta na sake dawowa da cututtukan zuciya.
Wani "cutar masu arziki" ita ce, mai ban mamaki, kiba. Kuma dalilin daya ne - yawan cin kitsen mai. Ko da a cikin adadin kuzari, 1 g na mai ya ƙunshi 9 kcal, yayin da 1 g na sunadarai da carbohydrates ya ƙunshi 4 kcal kowace. Yana da kyau a tuna da al'adun Asiya waɗanda ke cin abinci na shuka shekaru da yawa, kuma a cikinsu akwai mutane masu kiba da wuya. Yawan kiba yana tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 5. Kamar yawancin cututtuka na yau da kullum, ciwon sukari ya fi yawa a wasu yankuna na duniya fiye da wasu. Harold Himsworth ya gudanar da wani babban nazari inda ya kwatanta abinci mai gina jiki da abin da ya faru na ciwon sukari. Wannan binciken ya shafi kasashe 20: Japan, Amurka, Holland, Birtaniya, Italiya. Masanin kimiyyar ya gano cewa a wasu kasashen al'ummar sun fi cin abincin dabbobi, yayin da a wasu kuma suna da wadataccen sinadarin carbohydrate. Yayin da yawan amfani da carbohydrate ke ƙaruwa kuma amfani da mai ya ragu, adadin mutuwa daga ciwon sukari yana raguwa daga lokuta 3 zuwa 100 a cikin mutane 000.
Wani abin mamaki kuma shi ne, a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu da bayan yakin duniya na biyu, sakamakon raguwar zaman rayuwar jama'a gaba daya, abincin da ake ci shi ma ya canza sosai, cin kayan lambu da hatsi ya karu, cin mai yana raguwa, da abubuwan da suka faru na ciwon sukari, kiba, cututtukan zuciya da ciwon daji sun ragu sosai. . Amma, bi da bi, mace-mace daga cututtuka masu yaduwa da wasu da ke da alaƙa da rashin rayuwa sun karu. Duk da haka, a cikin shekarun 1950, yayin da mutane suka sake cin abinci mai yawa da sukari, abin da ya faru na "cututtuka na masu arziki" ya sake karuwa.
Wannan ba dalili ba ne ya kamata a yi tunani game da rage kitse masu kitse don neman 'ya'yan itatuwa, ganyaye, da hatsi?