Pemphigus

Janar bayanin cutar

Wannan cutarwa ce ta yau da kullun game da asalin autoimmune wanda ke shafar fata da ƙwayoyin mucous. Pemphigus na iya bunkasa a kowane zamani, duk da haka, galibi ya fi shafar maza da mata waɗanda suka tsallaka matakin shekaru 40, cutar ta fi tsanani a cikin mutane masu shekaru 40-45, kuma ba kasafai ake samun yara ba. Rabon pemphigus na kimanin kashi 1% na cututtukan fata.

Sanadin

Ba za a iya kafa ilimin ilimin halittar jini na pemphigus na dogon lokaci ba, amma karatu ya tabbatar da cewa musababbin wannan cututtukan fata fatar ne matsalar rashin karfin garkuwar jiki.^[3].

Aikin tsarin garkuwar jiki shine kare kwayoyin halittu na kasashen waje. Cututtuka na autoimmune suna faruwa yayin, sakamakon rashin aiki, tsarin rigakafi ya afkawa ƙwayoyin jikin, game da yanayin pemphigus, fatar. Bowayoyin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ƙwayoyin cuta ke samarwa suna kuskuren kai hari ga sunadaran dake saman fata mai lafiya. Demosomes, waɗanda sune haɗin haɗin tsakanin ƙwayoyin fata a ƙarƙashin harin na autoantibodies, sun ɓata haɗin kansu kuma an lalata su, kuma ramin da ba kowa a ciki yana cike da ruwa mai haɗuwa, sakamakon abin da aka samar da ƙwayoyin acantholytic (saboda haka sunan cutar).

Abubuwa masu haɗari don ci gaban pemphigus na iya zama duka masu ƙarancin cuta (cututtuka, ƙwayoyin cuta, aikin ƙwararru) da kuma dalilai masu haɗari, gami da ƙaddarar halittar mutum. Dalilin ci gaban pemphigus na iya zama mummunan tashin hankali, da kuma cututtukan cututtuka na adrenal cortex.

Ma'aikatan aikin gona, wadanda galibi suna hulɗa da magungunan kashe ciyawa da magungunan ƙwari, da kuma ma'aikata a masana'antar ƙarfe da gidajen buga takardu, sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar pemphigus.

Iri da alamomin cutar

Hanyoyin halayyar cututtukan cututtukan da aka gabatar sune ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta tare da abubuwan ciki, waɗanda aka sanya su a jikin mai haƙuri, dangane da nau'in pemphigus:

• mara kyau - ya bambanta da bayyanar kumfa tare da siraran sirara mai taushi cikin jiki. Tare da siffa mara kyau ko na yau da kullun, ana yin kumfa a farkon ɓullowar cutar a jikin ƙwayoyin mucous na hanci da baki, don haka marasa lafiya suna zuwa likitan haƙori kuma ana bi da su ba tare da nasara ba, ɓata lokaci. Marasa lafiya suna da damuwa game da warin baki, ciwo a baki yayin cin abinci, magana da haɗiye miyau. Marasa lafiya koyaushe ba sa lura da ƙananan kumfa waɗanda ke da saurin buɗewa ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba, don haka babban ƙorafe-ƙorafe shi ne zaizayar mai ciwo a cikin baki, wanda likitocin haƙori sukan gano a matsayin stomatitis. Tare da pemphigus vulgaris, ulce wanda ke samarwa lokacin da aka buɗe ƙwayoyin ya haɗu kuma ya haifar da rauni mai yawa. Ba kamar stomatitis ba, wanda ke lalacewa ta hanyar lalatawa tare da murfin fari, marurai na pemphigus suna da launi mai ruwan hoda mai haske da haske mai haske. Lokacin da pemphigus ya shafi makogwaro, sai muryar mai haƙuri ta yi kaushi;
• erythematous nau'in pemphigus yana da halin gaskiyar cewa yana shafar fatar kirji, fuska, wuya da fatar kai. Rashes na yanayin seborrheic tare da iyakoki masu haske an rufe su da launin ruwan kasa ko rawaya; lokacin da aka buɗe, zaiza zai bayyana. Wannan nau'in pemphigus ba abu ne mai sauki ba don ganowa, don haka nau'in erythematous na iya zama a gida fiye da shekara guda, kuma idan akwai wani yanayi da ya ta'azzara, yana iya nuna alamun maras kyau;
• mai kama da ganye - rashes na yanayin erythema-squamous na iya faruwa a wuraren da fatar ta shafa a baya, sa'annan kumfa tare da sifofin bango na bakin ciki suna buɗewa, suna haifar da zaiza, wanda ya bushe kuma ya zama mai rufe lamellar. Wannan nau'i na pemphigus, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana shafar fata, ƙananan kumfa da sauri ya bazu kan lafiyayyar fata, a wasu lokuta, ƙwayoyin mucous na iya lalacewa;
• mai shuke-shuke siffar tana bayyana ne ta hanyar kumfa a yankin da ke fata, a maimakon kumfa, zaizayewa tare da wari mara dadi da kuma siffofin purulent plaque kan lokaci.

Bugu da ƙari ga rashes a kan fata da mucous membranes, marasa lafiya tare da pemphigus suna da general bayyanar cututtuka:

1. 1 gajiya;
2. 2 raguwa ko asarar ci;
3. 3 rage nauyi koda tare da karin abinci mai gina jiki;
4. 4 bacci.

matsalolin

Tare da rashin dacewa ko kuskure magani, kumfa suna yadawa cikin jiki, haɗuwa da ƙirƙirar manyan raunuka. Gudun pemphigus babban haɗari ne tare da ƙonewar fata. Raunin fata yana shafar rayuwar mai haƙuri, mai haƙuri ba zai iya motsawa yadda ya kamata ba. Lokacin da zaizayar ƙasa ta kamu da cuta, mafi yawan rikice-rikice shine pyoderma.^[4]Also Zai yiwu kuma yaduwar matakai na kumburi zuwa ga gabobin ciki, sakamakon haka phlegmon da ciwon huhu ke bunkasa.

A bangaren ENT, rashin jin magana na iya bunkasa a matsayin rikitarwa na pemphigus; mycoses sun fi dacewa tsakanin rikitarwa na cututtukan fata. Rikitarwa na tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jiki sun bayyana a cikin hanyar ischemia, angina pectoris da microangiopathy.

Haɗarin mutuwa a cikin marasa lafiya da pemphigus ya yi yawa - har zuwa 15% na marasa lafiya sun mutu cikin shekaru 5 bayan fara cutar.

rigakafin

A matsayin matakin kariya don hana ci gaban pemphigus, yakamata:

• canza zanin gado a kai a kai;
• canza tufafi kowace rana;
• dace magance cututtukan fata;
• don cirewa daga mutane masu aiki tare da fashewar abubuwa masu kyau;
• kula da tsari na likitan fata;
• iyakance cin gishiri, mai da carbohydrates;
• saka idanu glucose na jini da karatun karfin jini;
• kiyaye dokokin tsabtace mutum.

Jiyya a cikin magungunan gargajiya

Maganin Pemphigus yana da tsayi da wahala. Pemphigus yana ba da shawarar hadaddiyar far:

1. 1 tsarin tsari;
2. 2 maganin gida;
3. 3 karin kayan fasaha.

Maganin cikin gida ya haɗa da maganin fatar da ta shafa tare da warkarwa da man shafawa na hormonal da ban ruwa na yashwa tare da magungunan kashe ciwo.

Extracorporeal magani ya haɗa da amfani da hemodialysis da plasmaphoresis.

Babban jigon maganin pemphigus shine maganin hormone. An ba da haƙuri marasa lafiya, kuma ana ba marasa lafiya asibiti intravenous corticosteroids. Yakamata a kiyaye tsarin kulawa, tunda shan kwayoyi masu haɗari na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako:

• damuwa;
• rikicewar bacci;
• hauhawar jini;
• kiba, koda tare da abinci mai ƙarancin kalori;
• nau'in ciwon sukari na steroid;
• yawan tashin hankali na tsarin juyayi;
• kumburi

Tare da damuwa, ana nuna kwayoyi waɗanda ke hana tsarin rigakafi. Marasa lafiya tare da pemphigus mai tsanani na iya buƙatar maye gurbin ruwan jini. A cikin nau'ikan cututtukan cututtuka, an tsara rigakafin rigakafin rigakafin jini.

Don hana kamuwa da cuta bayan buɗe blisters, an tsara magungunan rigakafi ga marasa lafiya da pemphigus. Ana amfani da suturar da aka jika a cikin man ja a cikin marurai da wuraren fitar ruwa. Dangane da ƙari, ana ba da shawarar sanya suturar da aka sanya daga yadudduka na halitta.

Hankali!

Gwamnati ba ta da alhakin kowane yunƙuri na amfani da bayanin da aka bayar, kuma ba ta da tabbacin cewa ba zai cutar da kai da kanka ba. Ba za a iya amfani da kayan don wajabta magani da yin ganewar asali ba. Koyaushe tuntuɓi likitan ku!