Otology ƙwararren likita ne wanda aka keɓe don so da rashin daidaituwa na kunne da ji. Yana da wani yanki na otolaryngology ko "ENT".

Otology yana kula da sha'awar kunne:

• na waje, wanda ya ƙunshi pinna da kuma tashar sauraron sauti na waje;
• matsakaici, wanda aka yi da tympanum, sarkar kasusuwa ( guduma, anvil, stirrup), tagogin labyrinthine da bututun eustachian;
• na ciki, ko cochlea, wanda shine sashin ji, wanda ya ƙunshi magudanar ruwa da yawa.

Otology yana mai da hankali musamman kan gyara matsalar ji. Wannan na iya zama kwatsam ko ci gaba, na "watsawa" (lalacewar kunnen waje ko na tsakiya) ko "hange" (lalacewar kunnen ciki).

Likitan otologist yana shiga cikin maganin cututtuka da yawa. Ga jerin matsalolin da ba su ƙarewa ba waɗanda za su iya shafar kunnuwa musamman:

• rashin ji ko kurame;
• ciwon kunne (ciwon kunne);
• rashin daidaituwa, dizziness;
• tinnitus.

Tare da ɗimbin dalilai masu yiwuwa:

• ciwon kunne na yau da kullun (ciki har da cholesteatoma, tympanosclerosis, da sauransu);
• perforation na eardrum;
• otosclerosis (ossification na ciki na cikin kunne);
• Mutuwar Meniere ;
• neurinoma;
• rashin aiki da "mai guba" kurma;
• cututtuka na cututtuka.

Hanyoyin cututtuka na ENT sphere na iya shafar kowa, amma akwai wasu abubuwan haɗari da aka sani, da sauransu, ƙananan shekarun saboda yara sun fi dacewa da ciwon kunne da sauran cututtuka na ENT fiye da manya.

Don isa ga ganewar asali kuma gano asalin cutar, likitan otologist:

• yana tambayar majiyyacinsa don gano yanayin rikice -rikicen, ranar farawar su da yanayin tashin su, matakin rashin jin daɗi;
• rubuta kwatsam ko yanayin ci gaba na kurma, wanda ke taimakawa jagorar ganewar asali;
• yin gwajin asibiti na waje da kunnuwa, ta amfani da otoscope;
• na iya buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje (don tantance asarar ji ko dizziness):
• acumetry (gwajin Weber da Rinne);
• audiometry (sauraro ta hanyar belun kunne a cikin gida mai hana sauti, da sauransu);
• impedancemetry (bincike na tsakiyar kunne da eardrum);
• bincike na vestibulo-ocular reflex idan akwai dizziness;
• gwaje-gwaje na vestibular (misali, canza matsayi na majiyyaci da sauri don gwada ƙarfin su na jure motsi).

Da zarar an gano cutar, za a ba da magani. Yana iya zama tiyata, magani ko haɗa da prostheses ko implants.

Dangane da girmansa, muna rarrabe:

• ƙananan kumewa idan kasawar ta kasance ƙasa da 30 dB;
• matsakaita kurma, idan yana tsakanin 30 da 60 dB;
• kurma mai tsanani, idan yana tsakanin 70 da 90 dB;
• babban kurma idan ya fi 90 dB.

Dangane da nau'in kurma (hankali ko watsawa) da tsananinsa, likitan otologist zai ba da shawarar kayan aikin ji mai dacewa ko tiyata.

Zama likitan otologist a Faransa

Don zama likitan ilimin otolaryngologist, ɗalibin dole ne ya sami difloma na ƙwararrun karatu (DES) a cikin ENT da tiyata da kai da wuya:

• dole ne ya fara bi, bayan baccalaureate, shekara ta farko gama gari a karatun kiwon lafiya. Lura cewa matsakaicin ƙasa da kashi 20% na ɗalibai ke gudanar da wannan ƙetaren.
• shekaru 4th, 5th da 6th a Faculty of Medicine sune aikin magatakarda
• a karshen shekara ta 6, dalibai suna yin jarrabawar tantancewa ta kasa don shiga makarantar allo. Dangane da rabe-rabensu, za su iya zabar sana'arsu da wurin aikinsu. Horon aikin otolaryngology yana ɗaukar shekaru 5.

Zama likitan otologist a Quebec

Bayan karatun koleji, ɗalibin dole ne ya nemi digiri na uku a fannin likitanci. Wannan matakin farko yana ɗaukar shekaru 1 ko 4 (tare da ko ba tare da shekarar shirye-shiryen magani ga ɗaliban da aka shigar da su tare da koleji ko horo na jami'a waɗanda ake ganin ba su isa ba a cikin ilimin kimiyyar halittu na asali.

Bayan haka, ɗalibin zai ƙware ta hanyar bin wurin zama a likitancin otolaryngology da tiyatar kai da wuya (shekaru 5).

Kafin zuwa alƙawari tare da ENT, yana da mahimmanci a ɗauki kowane gwajin hoto ko nazarin halittu da aka riga aka yi.

Yana da mahimmanci a lura da halayen raɗaɗi da bayyanar cututtuka (lokaci, farawa, mita, da dai sauransu), don bincika tarihin dangin ku da kawo takardun magani daban-daban.

Don neman likitan ENT:

• a Quebec, zaku iya tuntuɓar gidan yanar gizon Association d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et deirurgie cervico-faciale du Quebec3, wanda ke ba da jagorar membobin su.
• a Faransa, ta hanyar gidan yanar gizon Majalisar Dokokin Likitoci4 ko na National Syndicate of Physicians Specializing in ENT da Head and Neck Surgery5, wanda ke da kundin adireshi.

Inshorar Lafiya (Faransa) ko Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec ne ke ba da shawara tare da likitan otolaryngologist.