Osteomalacia gaba ɗaya ne osteopathy (kasusuwan kasusuwa). Wannan ƙauna shine sakamakon ƙarancin ma'adinai na farko na matrix na kashi yana yin "laushi" da kuma iya haifar da nakasarsa. A cikin yanayin osteomalacia, ƙwayar kasusuwa na al'ada ne amma ma'adinai na osteoid nama yana da kasawa, sakamakon tarawar osteoblasts (kwayoyin ɓoye matrix na kashi). Osteomalacia ya bambanta da osteoporosis wanda yawan kashi ya yi karanci amma ma'adinan kashi na al'ada ne.

Tsarin kashi shine jumlar kalma mai ma'anar "kwayoyin halitta" wanda aka kafa wani abu na "ma'adinai". Wannan ma'adinan abu yana da alaƙa da cakuda calcium da phosphorus. Wadannan ma'adanai suna ba kashi taurinsa da karfinsa. (5)

A cikin yanayin osteomalacia, wannan tsarin kashi yana da yawa na al'ada. Matsalar tana haifar da rashin isassun gyare-gyare na lu'ulu'u na calcium akan wannan tsarin kashi. Yawancin lokuta na iya bayyana wannan rashin wadatar calcium:

(1) Calcium yana haɓaka ta hanyar samar da bitamin D. Wannan bitamin yana shiga cikin sha da haɓakar ƙwayar calcium. Rashin cin bitamin D don haka zai iya zama sanadin rashin daidaitawar calcium akan tsarin kashi.

(2) Ana sarrafa ka'idar matakan calcium a cikin jini, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ta hanyar hormone da glandan parathyroid (wanda ke cikin wuyansa): parathyroid hormone. Yawan wuce haddi na wannan hormone na iya rushe gyaran ma'adinai a cikin matrix na kashi.

(3) Shan Calcium kullum by Abincin ya bambanta bisa ga shekaru da yanayin yanayin mutum:

- Tsakanin shekaru 4 zuwa 8: 800 MG / rana

- Tsakanin 9 zuwa 18 shekaru: 1 MG / rana

- Tsakanin 19 zuwa 50 shekaru: 1 MG / rana

- Tsakanin shekaru 50 zuwa sama: 1 MG / rana

- Ga mata masu ciki da masu shayarwa: 1 MG / rana

Ƙarancin ƙwayar calcium idan aka kwatanta da shawarwarin yau da kullum zai iya haifar da ƙarancin calcium a cikin mutum kuma don haka ya haifar da ƙarancin ƙarancin kashi. (4)

Saboda haka kashi ya zama mafi ductile saboda wannan ƙarancin ma'adinai a matakin tsarin kashi. Wasu ƙasusuwa a cikin jiki suna tallafawa manyan lodi (vertebrae, kafafu). Wadannan sai su fuskanci kasadar nakasu ko ma tsagewa.

A cikin yara, osteomalacia yana kama da rickets.

Alamun da suka shafi osteomalacia sun fi zafi a cikin kasusuwa. Wadannan raɗaɗin za a iya gano su a cikin ƙafafu (ƙarfafawa yayin tafiya, gudu, da dai sauransu), kashin baya, haƙarƙari, kafada, ƙashin ƙugu, da sauransu.

Wannan rheumatism da gaske ba takamaiman ba ne kuma yana yaduwa sosai.

A cikin waɗannan raɗaɗin, ana iya ƙara ƙarin ko žasa nakasar gani ko ma ta hanyar halayen injiniya: waddling gait, proximal myopathy (ciwon cututtuka da ke shafar ƙwayar tsoka), raunin tsoka, da dai sauransu.

A cikin nau'i mai tsanani, osteomalacia na iya zama alamar "ƙararar kararrawa" ko "violin" thorax, sternum mai siffar keel ko ma asarar girman.

Calcium kuma muhimmin gishiri ne na ma'adinai a cikin samuwar hakori. Bugu da ƙari ga alamun kashi, rashin daidaituwa a cikin enamel na hakori (asarar hasarar hakora da raunin hakora) na iya bayyana. (1)

Osteomalacia yana faruwa ne saboda lahani na calcium a cikin tsarin kashi. Waɗannan sharuɗɗa guda biyu sun kasance saboda rashi a cikin bitamin D ko / da calcium, suna fitowa daga abinci (ko daga fallasa hasken rana na halitta don Vitamin D).

Rickets yana shafar yara masu girma waɗanda har yanzu ƙasusuwansu ke tasowa.

Osteomalacia, a daya bangaren, yana shafar manya (yawan mata da tsofaffi) wanda adadin kashi ya yi kyau. (2)

Osteomalacia wata cuta ce wacce ta fi shafar mata da tsofaffi.

Duk da haka, wasu dalilai na iya zama a asalin wani ƙãra hadarin da ci gaban wannan Pathology kamar shan na anticonvulsant kwayoyi, da sankara, phosphate, bitamin D, kasa daukan hotuna da rana, wani iyali tarihi na cuta na bitamin D metabolism , gazawar koda, wasu cututtukan hanta, da sauransu.

Yaran da bitamin D da Calcium ba su isa ba suma wannan nau'in ilimin cututtuka na iya shafar su ta hanyar rickets.

Farkon ganewar asali na wannan pathology yana ba da damar iyakance sakamakon.

Bayan tuntuɓar likita, wannan na iya rubuta maka ma'aunin phosphocalcic don kimanta ƙarancin calcium, phosphorus da albumin. Ana iya ƙara wannan ƙima ta hanyar tantance calcium a cikin fitsari (calciuria).

Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya kasancewa tare da x-ray na ƙasusuwa masu raɗaɗi. Kasancewar wani ɗan datti mai ɗanɗano baƙon abu da ɗigon Looser-Milkman (halayen wannan rheumatism) na iya zama mahimmancin osteomalacia. (5)

Bugu da kari, lissafta tomography na kashin baya ya sa ya yiwu a yi nazarin tsarin da vertebrae.

A ƙarshe, yana yiwuwa kuma a yi wani biopsy na kashi don nemo nama na kashin da aka lalatar da shi da kuma ƙara yawan aikin osteoblast.

Jiyya na osteomalacia shine farkon kariya.

Shawarwari na yau da kullun na calcium yana taimakawa wajen guje wa duk wani ragi na ma'adinai. Ana yin wannan abincin yau da kullun ta hanyar abinci (musamman a cikin kayan kiwo, kifi da ƙaƙƙarfan abubuwan sha na soya) amma kuma ta hanyar wasu ruwan ma'adinai masu wadata a cikin calcium kuma mai sauƙin sha.

Vitamin D kuma yana cikin rigakafin wannan cututtukan. Ana samun Vitamin D a cikin abinci (shima yana cikin madara, kifin mai kamar salmon ko kifi, ƙwai, hanta, da sauransu). Ana iya samun shan bitamin D ta hanyar tsaka -tsaki zuwa rana yana taimaka wa jiki ya ƙera wannan bitamin.

Maganin warkarwa na cutar ya ƙunshi kulawar bitamin D mai mahimmanci. Yawancin lokaci tare da ƙarin abincin calcium.

Ƙara yawan bayyanar (amma ba wuce gona da iri) zuwa rana ana ba da shawarar ga mutanen da ke da osteomalacia. (3)

Maganin da aka yi da kyau yana haifar da farfadowa da sauri tare da raguwa ko ma bacewar ciwo. (3)