A Poland, kusan ma'aurata miliyan 1,5 ba su yi nasara ba don yin ciki. Idan dalilin matsalar ya kasance a gefen mace, yana iya zama sakamakon ciwon ovulation, endometriosis, da kuma maganin da aka yi a baya, misali a cikin cututtuka na oncological. Marasa lafiya da aka yi wa irin wannan nau'in magani sau da yawa ba sa gane shekaru da yawa cewa sun rasa haihuwa. Har sai sun yi mafarkin jariri.
- Maganin wasu cututtuka – galibin cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar sankarau – na lalata haifuwar mace, amma buqatar neman magani cikin gaggawa ya sa wannan batu ya zama batu na biyu.
- Ƙananan matasa reshe na magani - oncofertility, yana hulɗar da maido da haihuwa ta wannan hanya
- Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin rashin haihuwa shine cryopreservation - bayan kammala magani, an dasa mai haƙuri tare da lafiya, wanda aka samu a baya na ovary, wanda ya kamata ya fara aiki. Wannan wani lokaci yana ba ka damar yin ciki ta dabi'a. Godiya ga wannan, an riga an haifi yara 160 a duniya, uku a Poland
Rashin samun haihuwa shine mafi yawan tasirin magani. Yana da game da abin da ake kira magungunan gonadotoxic, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin cututtuka na oncological da rheumatic, cututtuka na nama, da kuma a cikin yanayin fibroids ko endometriosis. Musamman idan yazo da cututtukan neoplastic - lokacin da za a fara maganin al'amuran. Sa'an nan haihuwa ya ɗauki wurin zama na baya. A gaskiya ma, yana tafiya har zuwa kwanan nan, domin a yau akwai ƙarin hanyoyin da za a kiyaye shi. Tare da marasa lafiya da ke fama da irin wannan maganin a hankali, an kafa wani sashi na magani - oncofertility. Menene ainihin shi? A waɗanne yanayi ne yake taimakawa? Muna magana game da shi tare da prof. Dr. habba. n. med. Robert Jachem, shugaban Sashen Clinical na Gynecological Endocrinology da Gynecology a Asibitin Jami'ar a Krakow.
Justyna Wydra: Menene rashin haihuwa?
Farfesa Dr. sun. n.med. Robert Jach: Oncofertility filin ne a kan iyakar gynecology, oncology, likitan haifuwa da endocrinology na gynecological. A takaice dai, ya ƙunshi kiyaye haihuwa da kuma dawo da shi bayan ƙarshen zagayowar jiyya na oncological, ko duk wani magani da ke amfani da magungunan cytotoxic. An halicci kalmar a cikin 2005, amma yana aiki a matsayin hanyar likita tun daga 2010. Wani mai bincike na Amurka ya gabatar da manufar zuwa magani - prof. Teresa K. Woodruff daga Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma a Chicago. Tun daga watan Janairu na wannan shekara, a cikin Amurka, bisa ga matsayi na Ƙungiyar Amirka don Magungunan Haihuwa ASRM, daskarewa nama na ovarian, daya daga cikin hanyoyin da ake amfani da shi a cikin rashin haihuwa, ba a sake la'akari da gwaji ba. A Turai, ciki har da Poland, a halin yanzu ana ci gaba da aiki kan amincewarta a hukumance.
Wadanne hanyoyi ake amfani da su a wannan fanni?
A cikin misali na farko, idan zai yiwu, ana amfani da hanyoyin da za su hana gabobin haihuwa. Maimakon cire mahaifa da ovaries, ana yin tiyata don adana waɗannan gabobin. Duk da haka, ainihin hanyar gaba ɗaya ana taimakawa dabarun haifuwa waɗanda ke tabbatar da ayyukan haifuwa yayin jiyya.
Irin waɗannan fasahohin sun haɗa da: daskarewar kwai ga mata, maniyyi ga maza, tsarin in vitro (daskarewar amfrayo), da kuma daskarewa (cryopreservation) na guntun kwai da aka tattara a lokacin laparoscopy, tun kafin a fara aikin chemotherapy ko radiotherapy. Bayan kammala irin wannan magani na gonadotoxic, an dasa majiyyaci da lafiyayyan, wanda aka cire a baya na ovary, wanda ya kamata ya ɗauki aikinsa mai mahimmanci, duka endocrin da germline. A sakamakon haka, wani lokacin yana haifar da yiwuwar ciki na halitta, ba tare da buƙatar tsoma baki a cikin hanyar da aka taimaka wajen haifuwa ba, wanda sau da yawa ba a yarda da ma'aurata ba saboda dalilai daban-daban.
Menene amfanin wannan hanyar?
Da farko, hanyar cryopreservation na laparoscopically tattara ovarian nama ya fi guntu fiye da in vitro hanya. Ana iya yin shi a cikin rana ɗaya kawai. Mara lafiya wanda ya koyi cewa, alal misali, a cikin makonni biyu zai fara maganin oncological, bayan saduwa da ka'idojin da suka dace, ya kamata ya cancanci yin aikin laparoscopic kadan. Yana ɗaukar kusan mintuna 45. A wannan lokacin, ana tattara guntu na ovary (kimanin 1 cm).2) kuma ta hanyar dabarun rashin haihuwa, ana kiyaye wannan sashin nama. Mai haƙuri na iya komawa gida a rana ɗaya ko washegari. Bayan ɗan gajeren kwanciyar hankali, ta shirya don babban magani, yawanci oncological. Ire-iren wadannan magunguna sukan haifar da rashin haihuwa. Bayan kammala su, matar za ta iya komawa cibiyar, inda aka dasa naman da aka tattara a baya da sanyi a cikin ovary ta hanyar laparoscopy. Yawancin lokaci sashin jiki sai ya ɗauki aikin da ya ɓace. Sakamakon hanyoyin rashin haihuwa, irin wannan majiyyaci na iya yin ciki ta halitta. Ana mayar da ovaries zuwa aikinsu na germinal na kimanin shekaru biyu. A wasu lokuta, wannan lokacin yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Me yasa majiyyaci zai iya rasa haihuwa bayan radiotherapy ko chemotherapy?
Don bayyana wannan hanyar, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda ciwon daji ke girma. Yana da sauri, rashin sarrafawa na rarrabuwa na sel ta hanyar kariyar jiki. Kwayoyin suna karuwa ba tare da kula da su ba, suna samar da ƙwayar cuta wanda ke shiga cikin kyallen da ke kusa da su, kuma yana haifar da samuwar ƙwayar lymph da jini. Maganar baki, ana iya bayyana kansa a matsayin parasite wanda ke lalata mai gida. Bi da bi, chemotherapy ko radiotherapy, watau gonadotoxic jiyya, an tsara don halakar da wadannan sauri rarraba Kwayoyin. Baya ga toshe kwayoyin cutar daji, yana kuma hana sauran sel masu saurin rarrabuwa a cikin jiki daga rarrabuwa. Wannan rukunin ya haɗa da gashin gashi (saboda haka asarar gashi halayyar chemotherapy), ƙwayoyin kasusuwa (wanda zai iya haifar da anemia da leukopenia) da kuma tsarin narkewa (wanda ke haifar da tashin zuciya da amai), kuma a ƙarshe, ƙwayoyin haihuwa - wanda ke haifar da rashin haihuwa.
- Nasarar likitocin Faransa. Majinyacin da ta rasa haifuwarta bayan ilimin chemotherapy ta haifi jariri godiya ga hanyar IVM
Jarirai nawa ne aka haifa ya zuwa yanzu godiya ga hanyar da muka yi magana a kai a baya?
Kimanin yara 160 aka haifa a duniya, godiya ga hanyar cryopreservation da sake dasa nama mai lafiya a cikin jikin marasa lafiya bayan aikin gonadotoxic. Idan akai la'akari da cewa a cikin ƙasarmu tsarin har yanzu ana la'akari da gwaji kuma ba a biya shi ta Asusun Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ba, yanzu mun san game da yara uku da aka haifa ta wannan hanyar a Poland. Biyu daga cikinsu sun haifi marasa lafiya a cibiyar da nake aiki.
Har ila yau, ya kamata a ambata cewa akwai kimanin dozin da yawa da aka tattara da kuma daskararrun kyallen takarda daga marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su yanke shawarar yin wannan hanya ba. Wasu daga cikinsu har yanzu suna jure wa cutar sankarau, sauran kuma ba su yanke shawarar haihuwa ba tukuna.
Shin marasa lafiyar da za su sha maganin gonadotoxic an sanar da su game da yiwuwar hanyoyin rashin haihuwa? Likitoci sun san wannan dabarar?
Abin takaici, ba mu da bayanan wakilai game da wayar da kan likitoci, amma a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin ƙungiyar masu aiki a kan kiyaye haihuwa a cikin marasa lafiya na Polish Society of Oncological Gynecology, mun gudanar da binciken binciken mu. Suna nuna cewa a cikin ƙungiyar da aka fi sani da ƙungiyar masu ilimin likitanci, likitocin mata, likitocin oncologists, likitocin likitancin likita da masu aikin rediyo, akwai wayar da kan wannan batu (fiye da 50% na masu amsa sun ji game da hanyar), amma ƙasa da 20%. Likitoci sun taba tattauna wannan da mara lafiya.
Idan muka dawo zuwa kashi na farko na tambayar, membobin ƙungiyoyin masu haƙuri daban-daban suna da cikakkiyar masaniya game da matsalar da matsalolinta, da kuma hanyoyin da za a iya magance su. Duk da haka, wannan kuma ba ƙungiyar wakilai ba ce. Abin takaici, matan da ba su da alaƙa da wannan nau'in rukuni yawanci ba su da irin wannan ilimin. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa muke gudanar da nau'o'in horo daban-daban a kowane lokaci, kuma batun batun ya bayyana a lokacin tarurruka da yawa da shafukan yanar gizo. Godiya ga wannan, wayar da kan marasa lafiya a kan wannan batu har yanzu yana girma, amma a ganina har yanzu yana faruwa a hankali.
Bayani game da gwani:
Farfesa Dr hab. n.med. Robert Jach kwararre ne a fannin likitancin mata da mata, kwararre a fannin likitan mata, kwararre a fannin ilimin likitancin mata da kuma maganin haihuwa. Shugaban kungiyar Polish Society of Cervical Colposcopy da Pathophysiology, mashawarcin lardi a fagen ilimin gynecological endocrinology da haifuwa. Shi ne shugaban Sashen Clinical na Gynecological Endocrinology and Gynecology a Asibitin Jami'ar a Krakow. Yana kuma jinyar a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Superior a Krakow.
Karanta kuma:
- Ciwon ciki bayan haihuwa bayan IVF. Matsala wacce da kyar ake magana akai
- Mafi yawan tatsuniyoyi game da IVF
- Zunubai Goma Akan Haihuwa