Omphalocele da laparoschisis sune cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar da ke da lahani wajen rufe bangon ciki na tayin, wanda ke da alaƙa da ɓarna (herniation) na ɓangaren viscera na ciki. Waɗannan naƙasassun suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman lokacin haihuwa da tiyata don sake haɗa viscera cikin ciki. Hasashen yana da kyau a yawancin lokuta.

definition

Omphalocele da laparoschisis sune cututtukan da aka haifa da ke nuna gazawar rufe bangon ciki na tayin.

Omphalocele yana da wani faffadan buɗaɗɗen buɗe ido ko žasa a bangon ciki, yana dogara ne akan igiyar cibiya, ta inda wani ɓangaren hanji da kuma wani lokacin hanta ke fitowa daga cikin rami na ciki, ta haifar da abin da ake kira hernia. Lokacin da lahani a cikin rufe bango yana da mahimmanci, wannan hernia zai iya ƙunsar kusan dukkanin tsarin narkewa da hanta.

Wurin da aka fita waje ana kiyaye shi ta “jakar” wanda ya ƙunshi Layer na membran amniotic da Layer na membrane na peritoneal.

Yawancin lokaci, omphalocele yana haɗuwa da wasu lahani na haihuwa:

• mafi yawan cututtukan zuciya,
• genitourinary ko cerebral abnormalities,
• atresia na ciki (watau ɓarna ko gabaɗaya toshewa)…

A cikin tayin tare da laparoschisis, lahanin bangon ciki yana tsaye zuwa dama na cibiya. Yana tare da hernia na ƙananan hanji da kuma a wasu lokuta na wasu viscera (hanji, ciki, mafi wuyar mafitsara da ovaries).

Hanjin, wanda ba a lullube shi da membrane mai kariya, yana shawagi kai tsaye a cikin ruwan amniotic, abubuwan da ke cikin fitsarin da ke cikin wannan ruwan suna da alhakin raunuka masu kumburi. Dabbobi daban-daban na hanji na iya faruwa: gyare-gyare da kauri na bangon hanji, atresias, da dai sauransu.

Yawanci, babu wasu nakasassu masu alaƙa.

Sanadin

Ba a nuna takamaiman dalili na lahani na rufe bangon ciki lokacin da omphalocele ko laparoschisis suka bayyana a keɓe.

Duk da haka, a cikin kusan kashi uku zuwa rabi na lokuta, omphalocele wani ɓangare ne na ciwo na polymalformative, mafi yawan lokuta yana hade da trisomy 18 (ɗayan chromosome 18), amma kuma tare da wasu cututtuka na chromosomal kamar trisomy 13 ko 21, monosomy X (a). guda X chromosome maimakon biyu na chromosomes na jima'i) ko triploidy (kasancewar karin adadin chromosomes). Kusan sau ɗaya a cikin 10 ciwon yana haifar da lahani na asali (musamman omphalocele da ke hade da ciwon Wiedemann-Beckwith). 

bincike

Ana iya nuna waɗannan ɓarna guda biyu akan duban dan tayi daga farkon farkon watanni uku na ciki, gabaɗaya yana ba da izinin ganewar haihuwa.

Mutanen da abin ya shafa

Bayanan cututtukan cututtuka sun bambanta tsakanin karatu.

A cewar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a Faransa, a cikin rajista shida na Faransanci na rashin haihuwa, a cikin lokacin 2011 - 2015, omphalocele ya shafi tsakanin 3,8 da 6,1 haihuwa daga cikin 10 da laparoschisis tsakanin 000 zuwa 1,7 haihuwa a cikin 3,6.

hadarin dalilai

Marigayi ciki (bayan shekaru 35) ko ta hanyar hadi a cikin vitro yana ƙara haɗarin omphalocele.

Abubuwan haɗari na muhalli kamar taba na uwa ko amfani da hodar iblis na iya shiga cikin laparoschisis.

Halin warkewa na haihuwa

Don kauce wa wuce kima raunuka na hanji a cikin 'yan tayi tare da laparoschisis, yana yiwuwa a yi amnio-infusions (gudanar da jini na physiological cikin kogon amniotic) a cikin uku trimester na ciki.

Don waɗannan sharuɗɗa guda biyu, kulawa ta musamman ta ƙungiyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun yara da farfaɗowar jariri dole ne a shirya su tun daga haihuwa don guje wa manyan haɗarin kamuwa da cuta da wahala na hanji, gami da sakamakon zai zama mai mutuwa.

Ana shirya isar da jawo don sauƙaƙe gudanarwa. Ga omphalocele, an fi son bayarwa gabaɗaya. An fi son sashin cesarean sau da yawa don laparoschisis. 

tiyata

Gudanar da aikin tiyata na jarirai tare da omphalocele ko laparoschisis yana nufin sake hade gabobin cikin rami na ciki da kuma rufe budewa a bango. Yana farawa da wuri bayan haihuwa. Ana amfani da dabaru daban-daban don iyakance haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.

Kogon ciki da ke zama babu kowa a lokacin daukar ciki ba koyaushe yana da girma don ɗaukar gabobin da ke fama da ita ba kuma yana iya zama da wahala a rufe shi, musamman lokacin da ƙaramin jariri yana da babban omphalocele. Sa'an nan kuma ya zama dole a ci gaba da sake hadewa a hankali a cikin kwanaki da yawa, ko ma makonni da yawa. Ana ɗaukar mafita na ɗan lokaci don kare viscera.

Juyin Halitta da tsinkaya

Ba za a iya guje wa rikice-rikice masu yaduwa da na fiɗa a koyaushe ba kuma su kasance abin damuwa, musamman idan an daɗe a asibiti.

Omphalocele

Sake haɗawa cikin ƙananan kogon ciki na babban omphalocele na iya haifar da damuwa na numfashi a cikin jariri. 

Ga sauran, hasashen keɓaɓɓen omphalocele ya fi dacewa, tare da saurin dawo da ciyarwar baki da kuma rayuwa zuwa shekara ɗaya na yawancin jarirai, waɗanda za su yi girma kullum. A cikin yanayin rashin daidaituwa na haɗin gwiwa, tsinkayen ya fi muni tare da adadin mace-mace masu canzawa, wanda ya kai 100% a wasu cututtuka.

Laparochisis

Idan babu rikitarwa, tsinkayen laparoschisis yana da alaƙa da ingancin aikin hanji. Yana iya ɗaukar makonni da yawa don ƙwarewar mota da sha na hanji don murmurewa. Don haka dole ne a aiwatar da abinci mai gina jiki na iyaye (ta jiko). 

Tara cikin jarirai goma suna raye bayan shekara guda kuma ga mafi yawansu, babu wani sakamako a rayuwar yau da kullun.