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Toxocariasis na ido wani rauni ne na sashin hangen nesa ta hanyar ƙaura daga tsutsotsi na helminth Toxocara canis. A halitta rundunar toxocara su ne wakilan canine iyali (karnuka, wolf, jackals), kasa da yawa cats ne dillalai na tsutsotsi. Larvae ba sa neman shiga jikin mutum, kuma kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa sau da yawa ta hanyar haɗari. Ba zai iya girma ya zama babban toxocara a cikin jikin mutum ba.
Lalacewar ido daga toxocara larvae ana lura da shi da wuya, ba fiye da 9% na duk lokuta na toxocariasis da aka rubuta a cikin mutane ba.
Toxocariasis na ido yana tasowa mafi sau da yawa lokacin da ƙananan larvae suka shiga jikin mutum. Ba a fi samun tsutsa fiye da ɗaya a cikin ido ba. Mafi yawan lokuta tsofaffi ne, kodayake yara ma suna iya kamuwa da mamayar.
Dukkan lokuta na toxocariasis na ido yawanci ana kasu kashi biyu na asali:
na kullum endphthalmitis tare da exudation;
granuloma guda ɗaya.
An bayyana lokuta na farko na toxocariasis na ido ba da dadewa ba, a cikin 50s na karni na karshe. Bugu da ƙari, an shigar da marasa lafiya zuwa likitan ido tare da ganewar asali na retinoblastoma da cutar Coates. Duk da haka, daga baya sun sami nematode larvae da hyaline capsules.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da toxocariasis na ido
Abubuwan da ke haifar da toxocariasis na ido suna cikin shigar tsutsa cikin jikin mutum da kuma ci gaba da ƙaura zuwa sashin hangen nesa. Kamuwa da toxocara yana faruwa ta hanyar fecal-na baka.
Mahimman tushen mamayewa:
Ƙasa mai dauke da ƙwai helminth. Ana iya shigar da shi a cikin sashin gastrointestinal na ɗan adam idan ba a bi ka'idodin tsabtace mutum ba, ta hanyar cin berries mara kyau, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Tare da wasu cututtuka na tunani, misali, lokacin da mutane ke cin ƙasa don abinci.
Karnuka ne ke ɗaukar kwai na Toxocara, ciki har da ƴaƴan ƴaƴan ƴaƴan ƴaƴan. Bugu da ƙari, ana samun su a cikin najasar su, ƙwai suna yawan haɗa su da gashin gashin su. Don haka, hulɗa da dabbobi na iya zama haɗari, musamman idan ba a wanke hannu sosai da sabulu da ruwa ba bayan haɗuwa.
Kwanan Toxocara suna ɗaukar kyankyasai. Suna cinye su, bayan sun shuka abincin ɗan adam tare da ƙwai masu aiki.
A cikin rukunin haɗarin kamuwa da cuta tare da toxocariasis na ido sune likitocin dabbobi, ma'aikatan cibiyoyin liyafar dabbobi, yara masu shekaru 3 zuwa 5, mafarauta, mazauna rani, masu lambu da sauran manoma.
A cikin jikin kare, toxocara yana ƙaura bisa ga tsarin: gastrointestinal tract> portal vein> hanta> dama atrium> huhu> trachea> larynx> esophagus> ciki> hanji, inda toxocara a ƙarshe ya zama mutum mai girma na jima'i. A cikin jikin mutum, babu wani sharadi da tsutsar ta cika zagayowar rayuwarta. Don haka, toxocara yana yin ƙaura a cikin jikin ɗan adam har sai ya tsaya a cikin ɗaya ko wata sashin jiki a ƙarƙashin rinjayar tsarin rigakafi, wanda ba zai bari ya ci gaba ba. Bayan haka, tsutsa na tsutsa ta haifar da capsule mai yawa a kusa da kanta kuma ya zama marar aiki na dogon lokaci. Koyaya, a cikin sashin da ya tsaya, kumburi na yau da kullun yana farawa. A wannan yanayin, muna magana ne game da idanu.
Alamomin toxocariasis na ido
Alamomin toxocariasis na ido a cikin mutane na iya haɗawa da:
Kaifi lalacewa a cikin hangen nesa, har zuwa ɓarna ko cikakkiyar asararsa. A mafi yawan lokuta, ido daya ne kawai ke shafar.
Fitowar ƙwallon ido daga kewayawa.
Mai tsanani hyperemia na conjunctiva.
Jajayen fatar ido, kumburinsu.
Ciwo mai tsanani a idanun wani hali mai fashewa.
Strabismus.
Duban gani.
Lokacin da sashin hangen nesa ya lalace ta hanyar tsutsa tsutsa, mutum yana da granulomas a cikin sashin ido na baya, na kullum uevitis, endophthalmitis, keratitis, neuritis na gani, tsutsa masu ƙaura a cikin jikin vitreous.
A cikin yara, toxocariasis ido yana bayyana kansa a cikin strabismus; lokacin da tsutsa ta motsa, mai haƙuri yana tasowa scotoma mai ƙaura.
Maganin toxocariasis na ido
Jiyya na toxocariasis ido a duka yara da manya an rage zuwa alƙawari na subconjunctival injections na steroid miyagun ƙwayoyi Depo-Medrol. Wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi na glucocorticosteroid yana ba ku damar cire kumburi daga ƙwayar ido da kuma kawar da tsutsa tsutsa. Koyaya, babban jiyya yawanci tiyata ne. Tare da cirewar ido, ana nuna gyaran laser.
A karon farko, an samu nasarar yi wa wata yarinya ‘yar shekara 13 maganin cutar toxocariasis a ido a shekarar 1968. Ta samu allurar Depo-Medrol na subconjunctival. Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, sakamakon wannan magani ba ya nan. Don haka, likitoci sun ba da shawarar aiwatar da wannan makirci don maganin toxocariasis na ido kamar yadda ake kawar da mamayewar visceral parasitic. Wato, an wajabta wa marasa lafiya daidaitaccen tsarin maganin anthelmintic wanda ya ƙunshi maganin haɗin gwiwa.
Don kawar da toxocariasis, an wajabta Mintezol (Thiabendazole), Vermox (Mebendazole) da Ditrazine (Diethylcarbamazine). Ana ƙididdige adadin gwargwadon nauyin jikin mutum.
Hakanan akwai bayani game da nasarar kubutar da marasa lafiya daga toxocariasis na ido ta amfani da hoto- da coagulation na laser. Wadannan hanyoyin suna ba da damar lalata granuloma toxocary (maɓallan da tsutsotsin tsutsotsi suke).
Dangane da hasashen da ake yi na farfadowa, ya dogara ne da tsananin damuwa da tsutsar tsutsa ta haifar da kuma tsawon lokacin mamayewar.