Pesceterians, Frutherians, Flexitarians - ga waɗanda ba a sani ba, waɗannan kalmomi suna kama da kwatancin sojojin Allied daga fim din Star Wars.
Kuma idan irin wannan mutumin ya canza abincinsa zuwa ga fifikon abincin shuka (misali, ya ƙi nama, amma ya ci gaba da cin kifi), da gaske ya amsa tambayoyin abokansa: “Eh, na zama mai cin ganyayyaki, amma wani lokacin ina cin kifi. , saboda..."
Wannan sako-sako da rashin tunani na amfani da kalmar “mai cin ganyayyaki” ya kai ga cewa inuwa a cikin nau’in kawukan kifi da kafafun kaji sun fada kan falsafar cin ganyayyaki. Iyakoki na ra'ayi sun ɓace, ma'anar duk abin da masu cin ganyayyaki suka zama masu cin ganyayyaki ya ɓace.
Kuma a kowace rana ana samun sabbin “masu kifin-tarwan” da “masu cin nama”…
A daya bangaren kuma, akwai mutane da yawa wadanda ba sa cin nama saboda akida ko kuma shawarar likita, amma ba sa daukar kansu a matsayin masu cin ganyayyaki.
To su wanene masu cin ganyayyaki kuma suna cin kifi?
Ƙungiyar Masu cin ganyayyaki, wadda aka kafa a Birtaniya a shekara ta 1847, ta ba da amsa ga wannan tambayar: "Mai cin ganyayyaki ba ya cin naman dabbobi da tsuntsaye, na gida da kuma wanda aka kashe a lokacin farauta, kifi, kifi, crustaceans da dukan kayayyakin da suka shafi kisan gilla. halittu masu rai.” Ko kuma a taƙaice: “Mai cin ganyayyaki ba ya cin matattu.” Wanda ke nufin masu cin ganyayyaki ba sa cin kifi.
A cewar Juliet Gellatley, mai fafutukar kare hakkin dabbobi na Burtaniya kuma darekta Viva!, mutanen da ke cin kifi ba su da ikon kiran kansu masu cin ganyayyaki.
Idan ka riga ka bar naman dabbobi masu dumi da tsuntsaye, amma ka ci gaba da cin kifi da abincin teku, kai PESCETARIAN ne (daga Turanci pescetarian). Amma har yanzu ba mai cin ganyayyaki ba ne.
Tsakanin masu cin ganyayyaki da masu cin ganyayyaki za a iya samun babban gibi a ra'ayinsu game da wahalar rayayyun halittu. Sau da yawa na ƙarshe sun ƙi naman dabbobi masu shayarwa saboda ba sa son zama sanadin wahalarsu. Sun yi imani da ma'anar dabbobi, amma kifi ... "Kwaƙwalwar kifi ya fi sauƙi, wanda ke nufin cewa mai yiwuwa ba ya jin zafi," mutane masu kirki suna ba da kansu ta hanyar yin odar soyayyen kifi a cikin gidan abinci.
"A cikin sanannun mujallu na kimiyya, za ku sami tabbataccen shaida cewa dabbobi masu shayarwa, ban da ciwon jiki, na iya fuskantar tsoro, damuwa, jin kusancin wani abu mai barazana, su firgita har ma su sami rauni a hankali. A cikin kifaye, motsin rai ba kamar yadda ake furtawa ba, amma akwai shaidu da yawa cewa kifin kuma yana jin tsoro da zafi. Duk wanda ba ya son haifar da wahalhalu ga masu rai, to ya daina cin kifi,” in ji Farfesa Andrew Linzey, Daraktan Cibiyar Kula da Da’a na Dabbobi ta Oxford, marubucin Me Yasa Dabbobi Suffering Matters. ).
Wasu lokuta mutanen da suka yanke shawarar zama masu cin ganyayyaki ba za su iya barin kifi ba, saboda sun yi imanin cewa wajibi ne don kula da lafiya - musamman nau'in kifi mai kitse. A gaskiya ma, ana iya samun irin waɗannan abubuwa masu amfani a cikin abincin shuka. Misali, man flaxseed yana daya daga cikin mafi kyawun tushen albarkatun omega-3 kuma baya dauke da gubar mercury da ake samu a cikin kifi.
Akwai masu cin nama masu cin ganyayyaki?
A cikin 2003, American Dialectic Society ta amince da FLEXITARIAN a matsayin kalmar da ta fi shahara a shekara. Mai sassaucin ra'ayi shine "mai cin ganyayyaki wanda ke buƙatar nama."
Wikipedia ya bayyana sassaucin ra'ayi kamar haka: “Rashin cin ganyayyaki mai cin ganyayyaki wanda ya ƙunshi abincin ganyayyaki, wani lokacin har da nama. Flexitarians suna ƙoƙarin cinye nama kaɗan kamar yadda zai yiwu, amma ba su cire shi gaba ɗaya daga abincin su ba. A lokaci guda, babu takamaiman adadin naman da aka cinye don rarraba mai sassauƙa.”
Wannan alkibla ta “cibiyar cin ganyayyaki” sau da yawa ana suka daga masu cin ganyayyaki da kansu, saboda ya saba wa falsafar su. A cewar Juliet Gellatly, manufar "flexitarianism" ba ta da ma'ana.
Ta yaya za a kira mutumin da ya riga ya hau kan hanyar rage cin abinci mai kisa, amma har yanzu bai zama mai cin ganyayyaki ba?
Masu kasuwa na yammacin Turai sun riga sun kula da wannan:
Mai rage nama - a zahiri "rage nama" - mutumin da ya rage yawan abincin nama a cikin abincinsa. Misali, a Burtaniya, bisa ga bincike, 23% na yawan jama'a na cikin rukunin "mai rage nama". Dalilan yawanci alamun likita ne, da kuma rashin kulawa da matsalolin muhalli. Gonakin dabbobi suna fitar da methane, wanda sau 23 yafi cutar da iskar duniya fiye da carbon dioxide.
Mai gujewa nama - a zahiri "gujewa nama" - mutumin da yayi ƙoƙari, idan zai yiwu, kada ya ci nama kwata-kwata, amma wani lokacin ba ya cin nasara. 10% na yawan jama'ar Burtaniya na cikin rukunin "masu guje wa nama", su, a matsayin mai mulkin, sun riga sun yi tarayya da akidar cin ganyayyaki.
“Fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na waɗanda suka amsa [a Burtaniya] sun ce ba sa cin nama a yanzu fiye da yadda suke yi shekaru biyar da suka gabata. Za mu iya lura da canje-canje a cikin abincin jama'a. Kashi ɗaya bisa uku na membobin ƙungiyarmu mutane ne masu ƙoƙarin rage yawan nama a cikin abincinsu. Da yawa suna fara yanke jan nama don inganta lafiyarsu, sannan su daina cin farin nama, kifi, da sauransu. Kuma ko da yake waɗannan sauye-sauyen sun samo asali ne ta hanyar la'akari da kansu, da shigewar lokaci waɗannan mutane za su iya shiga cikin falsafar cin ganyayyaki," in ji Juliet Gellatly.
Cin ganyayyaki da kayan cin ganyayyaki na jabu
Don gano sau ɗaya kuma ga duk wanda yake mai cin ganyayyaki da wanda ba… bari mu kalli Wikipedia!
Cin ganyayyaki, wanda babu cikakken ABINCIN KASHE, ya haɗa da:
- Cin ganyayyaki na gargajiya - ban da abinci na shuka, ana ba da izinin kayayyakin kiwo da zuma. Masu cin ganyayyaki masu cin kayan kiwo ana kuma kiran su lacto-vegetarians.
- Ovo-vegetarian - abinci mai shuka, qwai, zuma, amma babu kayan kiwo.
- Veganism - kawai abinci shuka (ba kwai da kayan kiwo, amma wani lokacin ana yarda da zuma). Sau da yawa masu cin ganyayyaki sun ƙi duk abin da aka yi ta amfani da kayan dabba (sabulu, tufafi da aka yi daga Jawo da fata, ulu, da dai sauransu).
- Fruitarianism - kawai 'ya'yan itatuwa na shuke-shuke, yawanci danye ('ya'yan itatuwa, berries, kayan lambu na 'ya'yan itace, kwayoyi, tsaba). Halin kulawa ba kawai ga dabbobi ba, har ma ga tsire-tsire (ba tare da qwai ba, kayan kiwo, zuma).
- Abincin mai cin ganyayyaki/vegan danyen abinci - danyen abinci ne kawai ake ci.
Abubuwan abinci masu zuwa ba masu cin ganyayyaki ba ne kamar yadda suke ba da izinin abinci mai kisa, kodayake adadinsu na iya iyakancewa:
- Pescatarianism da Pollotarianism - Gujewa jan nama amma cin kifi da abincin teku (Pescatarianism) da / ko kaji (Pollotarianism)
- Flexitarianism shine matsakaici ko matsananciyar cin nama, kaji, kifi, da abincin teku.
- Abincin ɗanyen abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya - cin ɗanyen abinci kawai ko gajeriyar abinci mai zafi, gami da nama, kifi, da sauransu.
Idan kun shiga cikin duka nau'ikan cin abinci gaba ɗaya, zaku iya samun nau'ikan nau'ikan abubuwa da yawa da kuma wasu ɓangarorin da ke ƙarƙashin sunayen da suka fi yawa. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa mutanen da suka canza ra'ayinsu game da nama zuwa "ƙasa, ƙasa ko babu nama" sun gwammace a sauƙaƙe kuma a takaice su kira kansu "masu cin ganyayyaki." Wannan ya fi dacewa fiye da bayyana ma goggon ku na tsawon lokaci dalilin da yasa ba za ku ci kayan yankanta ba, da kuma yin uzuri don kada ta ji haushi.
Kasancewar mutum ya riga ya hau hanyar cin abinci mai hankali da lafiya yana da mahimmanci fiye da kalmar da ya kira kansa.
Don haka mu kara hakuri da juna, komai falsafar abinci mai gina jiki da muka bi. Domin, in ji Littafi Mai Tsarki, “Ba abin da ke shiga bakin mutum ke ƙazantar da shi ba, amma abin da ke fitowa daga bakinsa yana ƙazantar da shi. (Linjilar Matta, babi: 15)
Marubuci: Maryna Usenko
Dangane da labarin "Tashi na masu cin ganyayyaki marasa cin ganyayyaki" na Finlo Rohrer, Mujallar Labarai ta BBC.