Raunin tsoka (wasanni)
Mun tattara a nan iri daban-daban raunin tsoka - daga maƙarƙashiya zuwa cikakkiyar tsagewar tsoka - wanda zai iya faruwa a cikin aikin a ayyukan wasanni, ko kai mafari ne, gogaggen ɗan wasa, mai fafatawa ko babban ma'aikaci. Waɗannan raunin musamman game da ƙananan gaɓoɓin (tsawon cinya da maraƙi) da kuma masu ɗorewa, na iya yin illa ga ayyukan wasanni na nishaɗi ko manufofin gasar ɗan wasa. Gudanar da raunin tsoka yana da mahimman manufofi guda 3:
Kowace shekara, kusan 9% na duk Quebecers masu shekaru 6 zuwa 74 suna shiga cikin wasanni ko ayyukan jin dadi suna fama da rauni da ke buƙatar shawarwari tare da ƙwararren kiwon lafiya.1. (Wannan ƙididdiga ta haɗa da kowane nau'in raunin haɗari, gami da karaya.) |
Nau'in raunin tsoka
Akwai nau'ikan raunin tsoka da yawa, dangane da yanayi da mahallin haɗari da bayanan tambayoyin da gwajin asibiti.
- cramps : Ba wai kawai yana magana game da rauni na tsoka ba ne amma rashin aiki na ɗan lokaci. Ciwon ciki ya yi daidai da matsananciyar raɗaɗi, rashin son rai kuma na ɗan lokaci, kama da murkushe tsoka ɗaya ko fiye. Yana iya faruwa a lokacin hutawa, lokacin barci ko lokacin motsa jiki. Asalin ciwon ciki da ke faruwa a cikin yanayin wasanni yana da rikitarwa. Za su kasance sakamakon rashin isassun isashshen iskar oxygen ko electrolytes na jini, ko natarin guba da ke da alaƙa da aiki. Suna iya zama a jere zuwa a gajiyar tsoka ko daya dehydration.
- Tashin hankali : shi ne sakamakon raunin kai tsaye a kan tsoka mafi yawan lokuta a lokacin raguwa ko lokacin hutawa. Ana bayyana shi ta hanyar jin zafi da aka gano a wurin tasiri, ta hanyar kumburi da kuma wani lokacin rauni (hematoma ko girgije na jini a ƙarƙashin fata bayan fashewar tasoshin, da ake kira colloquially). blue). Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka sun fi mahimmanci da zurfi yayin da raunin farko ya kasance mai tsanani.
- Elongation : wannan shine mataki na farko na lalacewar tsoka. Ya dace da tsayin daka da yawa na tsoka. Tsawaitawa yana faruwa a lokacin a matsanancin damuwa tsoka ko kuma sakamakon matsananciyar ƙarfi. Wasu zaruruwan tsoka suna mikewa kuma suna karye. saboda haka iyakantacce ne, har ma da hawaye “microscopic”. Ana nuna elongation ta hanyar jin zafi wanda ba ya haifar da gurgu ko hematoma. Mutumin da ya ji rauni yana jin zafi mai kaifi, kamar ƙwanƙwasa, a lokacin farawa misali ko a kan tsoka mai dumama ko gajiya. Ƙoƙarin yana yiwuwa duk da cewa yana ɗan zafi. tsokoki na quadriceps ( tsokar cinya na gaba) dacinyar baya (hatsunyoyin hantsunyoyin kafa) sune suka fi fuskantar wani iri. Ayyukan wasanni har yanzu yana yiwuwa amma mai raɗaɗi.
- fashewa : rushewa kuma yayi daidai da tsarin haɓakawa wanda yawancin zaruruwa suka karye kuma suna zubar da jini. Ciwon yana da kaifi, kama da soka a cikin tsoka. Wani lokaci ana jin abin mamaki, don haka kalmar “clacking”. Muna kuma magana akan mataki na 2 yaga. A matakin raguwa, ayyukan wasanni ba zai yiwu ba. Tafiya kuma yana da wahala.
- Hawaye : Yaga tsoka yana kama da karayar tsoka, kamar karayar kashi. Ciwon yana irin wanda wani lokaci yakan haifar da rashin jin daɗi da faɗuwa. Hawaye sun fi damuwa da hamstrings, adductors da calves ("kafar wasan tennis"). Taimako akan kashin baya yana da matukar wahala kuma ci gaba da ayyukan wasanni ya zama ba zai yiwu ba. Jinin yana da nauyi kuma hematoma ba ya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo yana bayyana.
A gaskiya ma, duk masu tsaka-tsaki suna yiwuwa a tsakanin sauƙi mai sauƙi, ƙananan ƙwayar cuta da hawaye kuma ainihin rarrabuwa na ƙwayar tsoka na iya zama da wuya a yi godiya ta hanyar gwajin asibiti kawai. Saboda haka sha'awar duban dan tayi da kuma MRI (maganin rawanin maganadisu) wanda ya zama jarrabawar zabi lokacin da ake yin daidaitaccen ganewar asali ko auna raunin, musamman don gano hawaye.
Tsoka Babban halayen tsoka shine ta iya kwangila ta hanyar samar da motsi. Misali na yau da kullun yana nuna mana kumburin tsoka a tsakiya, wanda ke ci gaba a ƙarshen ta 2. tendons. Ya ƙunshi da yawa fayiloli, Siriri, Doguwa (wasu tsayin tsoka ne), an tsara su a layi daya, an haɗa su cikin daure kuma an raba su. nama na haɗi. Wannan tsarin fibrous yana ba da damar rage ƙwayar tsoka, daidai da motsi. Amma akasin sanannun imani, tsokoki ba kawai sadaukarwa ga motsi ko aikin gesture ba. Lallai, tsokoki da yawa suna neman hutu; wannan ake kira da Sautin tsoka bada izinin misali a tsaye. |
Dalilan lalacewar tsoka
Kamar yadda muka gani, mafi yawan lalacewar tsoka damu da ƙananan gaɓoɓi (cinya da ƙafa) kuma galibi suna jere a kan aikin a wasanni, yawanci tuntuɓar wasanni ( ƙwallon ƙafa, hockey, dambe, rugby, da dai sauransu), wasanni na acrobatic (snowboarding, skateboarding, da dai sauransu) da waɗanda ke buƙatar farawa da sauri (tenis, kwando, sprinting, da dai sauransu) da sauransu). Ana iya lura da raunin tsoka:
- En farkon shekara: overtraining (yawan horo) ko rashin isassun horo, rashin wadatuwa ko rashin jin daɗi, rashin motsa jiki, da sauransu.
- En karshen shekara: gajiya, rashin sassaucin tsoka.
- A lokacin motsa jiki : rashin ingancin motsin motsa jiki, kwatsam, tashin hankali da ƙungiyoyi marasa daidaituwa, musamman ma idan akwai rashin daidaituwa tsakanin ƙarfin tsokoki na agonist (wanda ke yin motsi) da kuma na tsokoki na antagonist (wanda ke yin kishiyar motsi) - alal misali, biceps da triceps, quads da hamstrings.
- A cikin rauni kai tsaye tare da abu mai wuya (ƙuƙumma, gwiwa na wani ɗan wasa, sanda, da dai sauransu).
- Saboda wani ƙoƙari mai tsanani ko tsayin daka.
- Saboda wani rauni mara kyau na gaban tsoka.
- Idan akwai kiba.
- Lokacin amfani da kayan aikin horo marasa dacewa (takalma musamman…).
- Saboda yanayin horo mai wuyar gaske (bitumen, kankare…).
- Idan babu isasshen ruwa, kafin, lokacin ko bayan motsa jiki.
- Lokacin da wutar lantarki bai isa ba.
- Idan babu mikewa bayan kokarin da kuma gabaɗaya, rashin isassun ƙwayar tsoka idan aka kwatanta da buƙatun tsoka.
- A lokacin ƙoƙari a cikin yanayin sanyi.