Miscanthus: halaye, iri, iri, tsayi, juriya sanyi, hoto

Hoto da bayanin miscanthus suna wakiltar kyakkyawan herbaceous perennial tare da ƙarshen fure. Yana da sauƙi don shuka amfanin gona a kan shafin, amma ya kamata ku fara sanin kanku da dokoki.

Halaye da bayanin miscanthus

Miscanthus (Miscanthus) tsire-tsire ne na dangin ciyawa. Yana da rhizomes masu rarrafe masu iya tafiya 6 m karkashin kasa, kuma madaidaiciya mai tushe. Ganyen suna da fata, ƙwanƙwasa, kunkuntarsu, koren launi. Ana iya samun ratsi masu bambanta a saman.

A lokacin kayan ado, perennial yana samar da dogon harbe tare da inflorescences-panicles masu siffar fan. Al'adar ba ta da kyau, amma tana da halin rashin fahimta da juriya na musamman.

Girman Miscanthus

Al'adu na cikin nau'in matsakaici ko tsayi na perennials. Tushen shuka ya kai 70-300 cm sama da ƙasa, dangane da iri-iri. Godiya ga rhizomes masu rarrafe, bushes suna girma sosai - diamita na iya zama fiye da 1 m.

A ina miscanthus ke tsiro?

A cikin yanayin yanayi, ana iya ganin perennials galibi a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Hakanan ana samun wasu nau'ikan a Afirka da Gabas mai Nisa. Miscanthus ya fi son ƙasa mai laushi mai laushi. The perennial yana son hasken rana kuma yana zaune a wurare da yawa.

Lokacin da miscanthus yayi fure

Lokacin flowering na miscanthus ya dogara da iri-iri, amma yawanci lokacin kayan ado yana farawa a ƙarshen lokacin rani kuma yana har zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba. A cikin watan Agusta, dogayen inflorescences masu launin kirim suna bayyana a saman ganyen kore mai yawa.

Miscanthus inflorescences na iya kaiwa 20-30 cm tsayi.

Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na perennial shine cewa tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, kawai ganyensa ya bushe. Inflorescences na ci gaba a duk lokacin hunturu.

Winter hardiness na miscanthus

Yankin hardiness hunturu na Miscanthus shine 4-5, amma takamaiman alamun hardiness sun dogara da iri-iri. A matsakaici, al'adar tana jure yanayin zafi zuwa -34 ° C. Ƙananan yanayin zafi ba zai cutar da perennial ba, musamman idan kun damu da warming tushen a gaba. Panicle inflorescences sun zama azurfa a cikin lokacin sanyi, amma suna da kyau.

Iri da nau'ikan miscanthus tare da hotuna da sunaye

An gabatar da nau'ikan miscanthus na yankin Moscow da yankuna masu tsananin yanayi a cikin nau'ikan iri-iri. Kafin dasa shuki a kan shafin, yana da daraja yin nazarin siffofin shahararrun nau'in.

Blooming (Miscanthus floridulus)

Shuka yana da saurin ci gaba da juriya mai kyau na sanyi. Kusan baya buƙatar danshi, sauƙin jure fari. A ƙarshen lokacin rani, yana samar da ƙananan kunnuwa, amma tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, bazai da lokaci don ɗaure inflorescences.

Yawancin nau'ikan furanni na iya kaiwa 3-4 m sama da ƙasa

Oligostachus (Miscanthus oligostachyus)

Ana amfani da ƙananan nau'ikan perennial sau da yawa ba kawai don dasa shuki a cikin lambun ba, har ma don kiwo akan terrace ko baranda. Oligostachus inflorescences sune silvery-fari tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, kyakkyawa sosai, ganyen suna da taguwa. A cikin kaka, faranti sun zama launin zuma-orange mai haske.

Tsawon nau'in Oligostachus shine kawai 1,5 m.

Giant (Miscanthus giganteus)

Miscanthus don dasa shuki a cikin yankin Moscow yana da madaidaiciya mai tushe har zuwa 3 m sama da ƙasa. Ganyen tsire-tsire suna kuka da yawa, tare da farin ratsin a tsakiya. Faranti sun shimfiɗa daga rhizome a duk kwatance, godiya ga abin da perennial ya ɗauki kyan gani na ado. Yana fure a cikin filaye na launin ruwan hoda, wanda ya zama azurfa ta lokacin hunturu.

Giant miscanthus bazai yi fure a cikin yankuna masu sanyi ba, don haka yawanci ana shuka shi a cikin yanayi mai dumi.

Sinanci (Miscanthus sinensis)

Tsire-tsire na perennial ya kai 3 m sama da ƙasa, yana da kunkuntar ganyen layi. Yana fure a cikin gajerun karukan da aka tattara a cikin ɓangarorin saɓo.

Miscanthus na kasar Sin shine ya fi shahara tsakanin masu kiwo kuma ana wakilta shi da dimbin iri.

Sugarflower (Miscanthus sacchariflonis)

Perennial mai son zafi yana girma har zuwa mita 2 sama da ƙasa. Ganyen iri-iri suna faɗuwa kore mai haske, panicles fari ne ko ruwan hoda na azurfa.

Lokacin ado na miscanthus-flowered sugar yana daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba.

Yadda ake shuka miscanthus

Wajibi ne a dasa miscanthus a cikin bude ƙasa a cikin bazara daga ƙarshen Maris zuwa tsakiyar Mayu. Madaidaicin lokaci ya dogara da yankin - kuna buƙatar jira har sai ƙasa ta narke da kyau kuma ta dumi. A kan shafin, an zaɓi wurin da aka haskaka da kariya daga iska. Al'adar ƙasa tana buƙatar ɗanɗano da ƙasa mai laushi, loamy ko yashi.

Tsarin saukowa miscanthus shine kamar haka:

1. An haƙa yankin da aka zaɓa na lambun a gaba.
2. Ƙasar tana takin da kwayoyin halitta kuma ana ƙara ma'adanai masu rikitarwa a ciki.
3. Ana shirya ramukan dasa don seedlings, kusan sau biyu girman tsarin tushen.
4. Rabin cika wuraren shakatawa da ƙasa mai gina jiki.
5. Seedlings ana sanya a cikin tsakiyar da tushen an yada zuwa tarnaƙi.
6. Yayyafa tsire-tsire tare da ragowar ƙasa da kuma tap ƙasa.

Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, perennial ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar ciyawa ƙasa don danshi daga cikinta ya ƙafe sannu a hankali.

Miscanthus Care

Idan kun samar da kyakkyawan yanayin girma don miscanthus, kula da shi zai zama mai sauƙi. Kuna buƙatar kula da ayyuka da yawa.

Na shayar da miscanthus

Miscanthus a cikin Siberiya da a tsakiyar layi yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun, saboda baya jurewa fari. Ya kamata a danshi yayin da saman saman ƙasa ya bushe.

Yawancin lokaci ana kawo ruwa a cikin ƙasa tare da bututu, ana amfani da ruwan a cikin dumi kuma an daidaita shi sosai. Wajibi ne don rage girman danshi kawai a lokacin lokutan ruwan sama mai yawa. A wannan yanayin, perennial zai sami isasshen adadin danshi ta hanyar halitta.

Ƙarin hadi

Don samun nasarar shuka miscanthus daga tsaba bayan dasawa cikin ƙasa, ya zama dole don ciyar da perennial akai-akai. An fara amfani da takin mai magani a cikin shekara ta biyu, a tsakiyar watan Mayu an ƙara bayani na urea a cikin ƙasa, kuma a watan Yuni - humate a cikin ruwa.

A ƙarshen Yuli da Agusta, ana ba da shawarar ciyar da al'adun tare da potassium da phosphorus. Wadannan abubuwa suna ƙarfafa juriya na shuka kuma suna tabbatar da nasarar hunturu.

Bayan kowace shayarwa, ƙasa a cikin yankin tare da miscanthus ya kamata a sassauta shi da ɗanɗano.

pruning miscanthus

Yanke miscanthus wajibi ne, saboda yana da saurin girma. Ana aiwatar da hanyar sau biyu a lokacin kakar - a cikin bazara da ƙarshen kaka. A lokacin da ake dasa, ana cire duk busasshen ganye da busassun ganye, sannan kuma ana kawar da tsiron da ya wuce wurin da aka ware.

Ko da a lokacin dasa shuki herbaceous perennial, ana ba da shawarar a tono guntu na slate ko baƙin ƙarfe kewaye da kewayen gadon furen. Suna buƙatar zurfafa aƙalla 20 cm, tsayin iyakar ya kamata ya zama kusan 10 cm. Layin iyaka zai hana shuka kayan ado daga juyawa zuwa sako mai haɗari.

Miscanthus hunturu

Yawancin nau'ikan suna iya jure wa sanyi sanyi har zuwa -34 ° C. Duk da haka, tare da farkon kaka, a kowane hali, ana bada shawara don gina tsari don perennial. Yawancin lokaci, ana shigar da tsarin firam a saman gadon furen kuma ana jan agrofibre akansa. Tushen ana yayyafa shi da busassun ganye ko humus. Idan ana sa ran hunturu ya zama sanyi, ana kuma shimfiɗa rassan spruce a saman matsugunin firam.

Miscanthus yana farkawa a ƙarshen lokacin hunturu - a ƙarshen Afrilu ko a watan Mayu. Amma riga tare da farkon narkewar farko, wajibi ne a cire wani ɓangare na tsari daga perennial don hana lalacewa.

Yadda ake dashen miscanthus

Kuna iya dasa miscanthus a cikin bazara bisa ga daidaitaccen tsari. Ga alama kamar haka:

1. Ana haƙa shuka mai lafiya da ƙarfi daga ƙasa.
2. Tare da wuka mai kaifi, an raba perennial zuwa sassa da yawa, yana barin harbe da yawa da cikakken tushen kowane ɗayansu.
3. Don kwanaki 3-4, ana aika da tsaba zuwa wuri mai sanyi.
4. Binne tsire-tsire har zuwa 6 cm a cikin bakuna daban-daban a cikin lambun.

Ana aiwatar da hanyar a cikin yanayin dumi daga Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Yuni. Tsire-tsire da suka girmi shekaru huɗu suna buƙatar dasawa lokaci-lokaci. Harshen da ke tsakiyar su a hankali ya mutu, don haka tsofaffin bushes sun rasa tasirin kayan ado.

Haihuwar Miscanthus

Akwai hanyoyi da dama don yada al'adu a cikin kasar. Yawancin lokaci amfani da hanyar rarraba ko girma daga tsaba. Ana amfani da yaduwar ciyayi ne kawai lokacin da ya zama dole - ɗan shekara yana yin rashin ƙarfi ga kowane rauni kuma yana murmurewa na dogon lokaci.

Girma daga seedlings

Don girma miscanthus daga tsaba, kuna buƙatar fara dasa shuki a cikin fall. Don na shekara-shekara, an shirya akwati marar zurfi kuma an cika shi da cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki. Ana binne tsaba har zuwa 1 cm kawai kuma ana shuka su a ƙarƙashin fim har sai sprouts sun fito.

Lokacin da al'adar ta ba da farkon koren tsiro, akwatin zai buƙaci a motsa shi zuwa taga mai haske. An cire fim din gaba daya.

A lokacin hunturu, perennial yana girma a zazzabi na kusan 20 ° C, idan ya cancanta, ƙara da seedlings tare da fitolamps. Ana rage kulawa musamman zuwa matsakaiciyar ruwa. Tare da farkon bazara, tsire-tsire na miscanthus sun fara taurare a cikin iska mai kyau, kuma tare da kafa yanayi mai dumi ana tura su zuwa buɗe ƙasa.

Miscanthus daga tsaba yana haɓaka sannu a hankali kuma yana girma cikin shekaru 3-4 kawai.

Ta hanyar rarraba daji

Al'adar ba ta son dashewa, amma duk 'yan shekaru ana ba da shawarar a raba shi da rhizome don sake farfadowa. An cire perennial daga ƙasa kuma a yanka a cikin sassa 2-3, bayan haka an dasa bushes a cikin ramuka daban.

Tushen delenok ana bada shawarar a bi da su tare da haɓaka haɓakar haɓaka da jiko na ash na itace. Wannan zai kare al'ada daga cututtuka da kuma hanzarta dasa shi.

Cututtuka da kwari

The perennial yana da matukar juriya ga cututtuka da parasites. Amma wani hatsari gare shi shi ne:

• tushen rot - cutar tana haifar da duhu da bushewar ganye da harbe;
  
  

  Tushen ruɓe yana shafar miscanthus akan ƙasa mai cike da ruwa

• Mite gizo-gizo - kwarin yana kai hari ga ɗan shekara a cikin bushewar yanayi kuma yana haɗa mai tushe da faranti.
  
  

  Yin fesa da ruwan dumi yana taimakawa hana bayyanar mitsitsin gizo-gizo.

Don kare kariya daga fungi, ana ba da shawarar cewa a bi da al'ada ta hanyar kariya tare da ruwa na Bordeaux ko fungicides. Ya kamata a yi fesa a farkon bazara da kaka bayan flowering.

Abin da aka haɗa tare da miscanthus a cikin ƙirar shimfidar wuri

Hotunan miscanthus a cikin gadon fure suna nuna cewa perennial yana da kyau tare da sauran tsire-tsire a cikin lambun. Mafifitan makobta gareshi sune:

• lavender;
• fescue;
• gaura;
• dutsen dutse;
• m echination;
• Anemone na Japan;
• sigar taga tabo;
• Buenos Aires verbena.

Dasa miscanthus a cikin shimfidar wuri ana ba da shawarar a bango don ƙirƙirar bangon ado. Herbaceous perennial yana ba wa gadon furen haske da iska, yana jaddada kyawawan furanni masu haske.

Miscanthus a cikin lambu an dasa shi tare da hanyoyi da facades

Kammalawa

Hotuna da kwatancen miscanthus suna ba da ra'ayi na ɗanɗano mai ƙarfi tare da buƙatun kulawa mai sauƙi. Lokacin girma, ana biyan babban hankali ga danshi - al'adar ba ta yarda da fari da kyau ba.

Reviews na miscanthus