Furen Eremurus (shiryash): hoto, bayanin, dasa shuki, kulawa, taurin hunturu

Furen eremurus yana da kyau a ƙirar lambun kuma baya buƙatar kulawa mai rikitarwa. Amma kafin dasa shuki, yana da daraja yin nazarin buƙatun sa don yanayi.

Bayanin shuka

Eremurus, ko shiryash (Eremurus) ɗan tsiro ne na dangin Xanthorreaceae. Yana da ɗan gajeren rhizome na jiki, matakai suna da siffa mai siffa ko cylindrical. Tushen furen yana da aure, tsirara. Ganyen suna tashi kai tsaye daga tushen kuma suna samar da rosette a gindin daji. Faranti suna lebur, madaidaiciya-trihedral, keeled a cikin ƙananan sashi.

Tsawon shekara yana da yawa a yankunan kudancin Turai, da kuma a tsakiyar Asiya da yammacin Asiya a yankuna masu bushe. A cikin ƙasarmu, zaku iya saduwa da shuka a cikin Crimea da Caucasus. Furen yana zaune a wurare masu zafi, ya fi son yashi ko ƙasa mai yashi.

Furen eremurus, dangane da nau'in, na iya kaiwa tsayin 0,5-3 m.

Harkar hunturu na eremurus

Tsiren perennial yana da matsakaicin juriya sanyi. A cikin yanayin zafi, eremurus na iya jure yanayin zafi zuwa -28 ° C. A lokaci guda, rhizomes na shuka yana buƙatar ɗumamar hankali daga sanyi da iska.

Yaushe eremurus ke fure?

Eremurus yana kawo farin, rawaya, ruwan hoda ko launin ruwan kasa, yana samar da babban goga, a farkon lokacin rani - a ƙarshen Mayu ko a farkon Yuni. Inflorescences na perennial suna da tsayi, har zuwa 60 cm, an nuna su kadan a saman.

Lokacin furanni na eremurus yana ɗaukar kusan wata ɗaya. Sannan ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa - akwatunan tantanin halitta uku masu siffar zobe tare da dunƙule ko ƙasa mai santsi.

Wadanne iri da iri za a zaba?

Hotunan furanni na eremurus a cikin gadon furen sun nuna cewa yawancin nau'ikan suna wakilta na perennial. Akwai nau'ikan iri da yawa waɗanda suka fi shahara tare da masu lambu.

Eremurus angustifolia

Shiryash kunkuntar-manyan ganye, ko Bunge (Eremurus stenophyllus) - mai tsayi har zuwa 1,7 m tsayi. Yana da harbe-harbe masu sauƙi masu ƙarfi da ɗan gajeren tushe a tsaye tare da matakai masu kama da igiya. Ganyen shuka suna da shuɗi-kore, masu yawa, kusan 2 cm faɗi kawai. Inflorescences suna da siffar silinda, sun ƙunshi ƙananan buds tare da faffadan sifar kararrawa.

Inflorescences na kunkuntar-manyan eremurus na iya kaiwa 80 cm tsayi

Eremurus yana da ban mamaki

Shiryash ban mamaki, ko wakilin (Eremurus spectabilis) ya kai 2 m sama da ƙasa. Yana fure a matsakaici, yawanci yana fure a watan Mayu. Hoto da bayanin nau'in eremurus na rawaya suna nuna cewa buds na iri-iri suna da ƙanana tare da dogon stamens. Ganyen suna da ja-ja-jawu a cikin launi, tare da m baki.

Shiryash mai ban mamaki ya fara fure a karon farko shekaru 5-8 bayan dasa shuki

Eremurus Himalayan

Himalayan eremurus (Eremurus himalaicus) ana rarraba shi ta dabi'a a arewa maso gabashin Afghanistan da Yammacin Himalayas. Ya kai 1,8 m sama da ƙasa, tushen ba shi da kyan gani, mai sheki, ganyen suna keeled kore mai haske, har zuwa 67 cm tsayi. Itacen yana ɗauke da inflorescences cylindrical, wanda ya ƙunshi buds har zuwa 4 cm a fadin tare da fararen furanni da filaments na bakin ciki. Lokacin kayan ado yana farawa a watan Yuni kuma yana har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani.

Himalayan Shiryash an san shi a cikin al'ada tun 1881

Eremurus mai iko

Shiryash mai ƙarfi (Eremurus robustus) - shuka har zuwa 1,2 m sama da ƙasa. Yana samar da farar fata ko haske mai launin ruwan hoda masu yawa waɗanda suka bambanta da ganyayen kore masu duhu. Duka a kan faranti da kuma a kan gangaren furen akwai ɗan ƙaramin fure mai launin shuɗi.

Ƙarfin eremurus yana tsiro a cikin tsaunin Tien Shan

Crimean Eremurus

Eremurus na Crimean (Eremurus tauricus) wani nau'in nau'in halitta ne wanda ke tsiro a cikin yanayin yanayi kawai a cikin Crimea da wasu yankuna na Transcaucasia. Yana da madaidaiciya, mai tushe mara ganyaye kuma dogaye, madaidaiciya madaidaiciya ganye har zuwa 60 cm. Hotuna da kwatancen Eremurus na Crimean sun nuna cewa nau'in yana kawo inflorescences mai dusar ƙanƙara-fari. Tsawon shekara yana jure fari, sau da yawa ana samunsa a cikin dazuzzukan Pine da dazuzzukan dazuzzuka masu haske, akan dutsen farar ƙasa da shale.

Furen furanni a cikin Shiryash na Crimean suna fitowa daga Mayu zuwa Yuli

Eremurus Altai

Altai eremurus (Eremurus altaicus) ya tashi har zuwa 1,2 m sama da ƙasa. Yana da ɗan gajeren kauri rhizome da ginannun xiphoid ko ganyen layi-lanceolate. Tsawon faranti yana da kusan 40 cm. Tsiron yana fure tare da kodadde rawaya buds, wanda aka tattara a cikin goge har zuwa 30 cm tsayi.

Kuna iya saduwa da Altai Shiryash a Altai, da kuma a cikin ƙasashen Asiya ta Tsakiya

Yadda ake shuka eremurus

Girma eremurus da kula da shi ba su da alaƙa da manyan matsaloli. A cikin bude ƙasa, ana canja wurin shuka a cikin kaka - yawanci daga farkon zuwa tsakiyar Satumba. A kan wurin zama na shekara, an zaɓi wuri mai faɗi da buɗe tare da ƙasa mai kyau. Shuka yana buƙatar ƙasa mai tsaka-tsaki ko ɗan ƙaramin alkaline, ana iya sanya shi a ƙasa mai dutse.

Algorithm na shuka flower yayi kama da haka:

1. An haƙa yankin da aka zaɓa, idan ya cancanta, ƙirƙirar gadon fure mai tasowa don shuka.
2. Ana shirya ramuka bisa ga adadin tsire-tsire har zuwa zurfin 30 cm.
3. Ana zuba tsakuwa ko dakakken dutse a kasan ramukan, sannan a dora kasa mai albarka a saman daga cakuda yashi, kasa sodi da takin.
4. A hankali mirgine tsire-tsire a cikin ramuka kuma daidaita tushen zuwa tarnaƙi.
5. Cika ramukan har zuwa ƙarshe kuma ku taɓa ƙasa a hankali da hannuwanku.
6. Samar da ruwa mai yawa tare da ruwan zafi.

Idan kana buƙatar sanya tsire-tsire da yawa a kan shafin, an bar 50 cm na sarari kyauta tsakanin su.

Kulawar Eremurus a cikin lambun

Kula da furen furen eremurus abu ne mai sauƙi. Tare da dasa shuki mai kyau, shuka ya ɗauki tushe da sauri, a nan gaba kawai ya zama dole don ba shi kulawa mai kyau.

Ruwa

Shuka yana jure fari kuma baya buƙatar danshi mai yawa. Idan ka dasa eremurus a cikin bazara, zai buƙaci kawai a shayar da shi sosai tsawon makonni 3-4 kafin kafuwar. Bayan furen ya sami tushe a cikin ƙasa, ƙarfin danshi yana raguwa zuwa ƙarami. Ana yin shayarwa ne kawai a cikin yanayin zafi tare da dogon rashi na hazo. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka, wajibi ne don dasa ƙasa kafin yanayin sanyi na farko.

Yi amfani da madaidaicin ruwan zafi don shayar da furen. Ana shafa shi a ƙasa idan babu hasken rana, da safe ko da yamma.

Babban miya eremurus

A cikin bazara, ana ba da izinin ciyar da eremurus tare da hadadden shiri tare da abun ciki na nitrogen ko taki mai lalacewa. Taki za su ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar koren taro da yawan furanni masu zuwa.

Tare da farkon kaka, ana ƙara superphosphate zuwa ƙasa a wurin a cikin adadin 40 g a kowace 1 m.². Tufafin saman zai ƙarfafa juriyar furen kuma yana ƙara ƙarfin lokacin hunturu. Gabaɗaya, al'adar ba ta buƙatar takin mai yawa - perennial yana jin daɗin ƙasa mara kyau.

trimming

Furen baya buƙatar aski na ado. Duk da haka, a lokacin rani ana bada shawarar cire bushes mai tushe tare da busassun buds - wannan zai adana sha'awar perennial.

Ana yin pruning na kaka ne kawai bayan launin rawaya na ganye. Ba za a iya taɓa koren faranti ba - suna ci gaba da ciyar da rhizome na furen. Idan ka yanke ganye kafin lokaci, juriya na sanyi na perennial zai sha wahala.

goyon bayan

Ire-iren furanni masu ƙarancin girma baya buƙatar tallafi lokacin girma. Amma kusa da bushes masu tsayi, ana bada shawarar shigar da sandunan katako don ɗaure mai tushe. A lokacin lokacin furanni, perennial zai iya karya daga iska mai ƙarfi.

Kuna iya ɗaure eremurus don tallafi zuwa shinge ko shingen katako

Lokacin hunturu

Furen eremurus na shekara-shekara yana da kyau ba tare da tsari a hankali ba a tsakiyar layin da kuma a cikin yankin Moscow. Tare da farkon kaka, ya zama dole kawai don ciyawa ragowar shuka tare da ganye da rassan spruce tare da Layer na kusan 20 cm. Yin sanyi zuwa -30 ° C a cikin wannan yanayin ba zai haifar da cutarwa ga furen ba.

Eremurus a Siberiya yana buƙatar ƙarin tsari a hankali. An gina tsarin firam akan gadon furen kuma an ja agrofiber akansa, sannan kuma an rufe perennial tare da rassan coniferous. Idan ana sa ran hunturu yayi sanyi sosai, zaku iya kawai tono furen daga ƙasa kuma ku sanya shi a cikin busasshiyar cellar duhu har zuwa bazara.

Yaushe da yadda ake dashen eremurus

Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, fure a kan shafin yana buƙatar dashi. Kusan sau ɗaya a kowace shekara huɗu, ana haƙa ciyayi a hankali daga ƙasa kuma ana warware rhizomes. Mafi girma kuma mafi koshin lafiya ana shuka su a cikin ramukan mutum ɗaya, ana sanya ƙananan tubers a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi a cikin wuraren shakatawa na kowa.

Ana iya dasa Eremurus a farkon bazara ko tsakiyar kaka. Dole ne furen ya kasance a hutawa, in ba haka ba zai zama da wuya a sami tushe a cikin ƙasa.

Yadda ake yada eremurus

Don yaduwar eremurus, ana amfani da hanyoyi guda biyu - vegetative da iri. Na farko yana komawa sau da yawa, tun da yake yana ba ku damar jira flowering a baya.

Ta rarraba

Furen yana yaduwa ta hanyar 'ya'yan rosettes waɗanda ke fitowa daga ƙasa kusa da babban shuka. Ana dashen yara bisa ga tsari mai zuwa:

1. A hankali raba ƙananan rosette daga rhizome.
2. Ana kula da Shiryash tare da wakili na fungicidal da tushen samuwar tushen don dasawa da sauri.
3. Canja wurin 'yar shuka zuwa ramin da aka shirya.
4. Yayyafa ƙasa da ruwa sosai.

Ana amfani da hanyar rarraba yawanci kowace shekara 5-6. Ana ba da shawarar yin aikin a ƙarshen lokacin rani ko a farkon kaka, a ƙarshen flowering.

Idan yara ba su rabu da babban eremurus ba tare da matsa lamba mai haske, yana da daraja barin su a wuri har zuwa shekara ta gaba

tsaba

Ana iya yada furen ta hanyar iri. Dasa shuki don seedlings yawanci ana aiwatar dashi a cikin kaka a ƙarshen Satumba ko a farkon Oktoba. Don perennial, an zaɓi akwati har zuwa zurfin 12 cm kuma an cika shi da abinci mai gina jiki, amma ƙasa mai haske.

Ana amfani da algorithm na shuka furanni kamar haka:

1. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai laushi zuwa zurfin 1,5 cm.
2. Shayar da ƙasa sosai kuma a rufe akwati da filastik filastik.
3. Tare da iska na yau da kullun, furen yana tsiro a zazzabi na kusan 15 ° C.
4. Idan ya cancanta, sake danshi ƙasa.

Harbin eremurus yana bayyana a makare - ba kafin farkon bazara ba. Kowane seedlings na iya girma har zuwa shekaru biyu. A karon farko, ana fitar da tsire-tsire zuwa iska mai kyau shekara guda bayan dasa shuki, bayan an rarraba tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane ɗaya. Don hunturu, ba a cire furen a cikin ɗakin ba, amma an rufe shi a hankali tare da takin ko rassan spruce. An dasa tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi a cikin ƙasa buɗe kawai bayan shekaru uku.

Cututtuka da kwari

Furen kayan ado, idan an keta ka'idodin kulawa, zai iya sha wahala daga wasu cututtuka da kwari. Hatsarin da ke gare shi shi ne:

• aphid - karamin kwari yana ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace kuma yana rage jinkirin ci gaban furen;
  
  

  Daga aphids, fesa ruwan sabulu yana taimakawa sosai

• mice - kwaro yana lalata tushen eremurus kuma yana haifar da saurin mutuwar shuka;
  
  

  Kuna iya kawar da mice tare da bats masu guba

• chlorosis - ganyen perennial tare da wannan cuta sun juya kodadde kuma sun zama rawaya;
  
  

  Chlorosis yana shafar shiryash akan ƙasa mara kyau mai ƙarancin ƙarfe

• tsatsa - duhu bugun jini da aibobi suna samuwa a kan faranti na shuka, a hankali koren ya ɓace.
  
  

  Tsatsa akan eremurus yana tasowa a cikin jika da yanayin dumi

Ana ba da shawarar yin maganin perennial daga fungi tare da shirye-shiryen Fitosporin, Skor ko Topaz, da jan karfe sulfate. Ana yin fesa a farkon alamar cututtuka, ana cire tsire-tsire masu cutarwa kawai daga shafin.

Me yasa eremurus ba ya fure

Idan eremurus bai kawo goga na fure ba, wajibi ne, da farko, don lissafin shekarun shuka. Perennial ya fara yin fure a cikin shekara ta huɗu ta rayuwa, a cikin wasu nau'ikan buds na farko sun bayyana bayan shekaru 6-8.

Idan girma eremurus bai yi fure ba, wannan na iya zama saboda dalilai da yawa:

• rashin hasken rana;
• wuce haddi danshi;
• ƙananan yanayin zafi.

Zai fi sauƙi a sake rayar da eremurus idan bai yi fure ba saboda zubar ruwa na ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a rage yawan shayarwa kuma a nan gaba kada a zubar da al'ada. Idan an dasa tsire-tsire a wuri mara kyau kuma ba shi da zafi da haske, abin da ya rage shi ne a tono shi kuma a canza shi zuwa wurin da ya fi dacewa.

Hoton eremurus a cikin ƙirar shimfidar wuri

A cikin zane na shimfidar wuri, ana amfani da eremurus sosai - furen yana da ado sosai, mai wuya kuma baya buƙatar kulawa mai mahimmanci. A cikin lambun, ana dasa perennials a matsayin wani ɓangare na gadaje na fure-fure, haɗa shi da sauran al'adu. Musamman, maƙwabta masu kyau ga fure sune:

• wardi da gelenium;
• rudbeckia;
• lavender;
• zazzaɓi;
• lilies da gladioli;
• iris-iris

Kuna iya sanya furen a cikin wuri mai faɗi tare da busasshiyar ƙasa m. Perennial baya shan wahala a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye kuma baya rasa hasken launi.

Eremurus yana kallon jituwa cikin jituwa a cikin rokoki kusa da hatsi na ado

Dogayen tsire-tsire iri-iri suna ba da izinin samuwar shinge da iyakoki a cikin lambun. A cikin gadon filawa, an sanya al'adun a baya don kada ya toshe sauran perennials.

Eremurus ba ya bushewa a cikin ruwa na dogon lokaci, don haka ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don yankewa.

Kammalawa

Furen eremurus ba shi da wata fa'ida, kusa da yawancin sauran perennials a cikin lambun kuma da wuya yana fama da fungi. Babban hasara na shuka shine jinkirin ci gaba bayan dasa shuki.

Reviews game da eremurus