Contents
Ma'anar meningococcal C meningitis
Cutar sankarau cuta ce ta meninges, siraran membranes waɗanda ke karewa da kewaye kwakwalwa da kashin baya. Akwai kwayar cutar sankarau, wadda ke da alaƙa da ƙwayar cuta, cutar sankarau, har ma da ciwon sankarau da ke da alaƙa da naman gwari ko parasite.
Meningococcal meningitis C ne ciwon sankarau na kwayan cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa Neisseria meningitidis, ko meningococcus. Note cewa akwai da dama iri, ko serogroups, ya fi na kowa kasancewarsa serogroups A, B, C, W, X, kuma Y.
A cikin 2018 a Faransa, bisa ga bayanai daga cibiyar tunani na ƙasa don meningococci da Haemophilus mura daga Institut Pasteur, daga cikin shari'o'in 416 na meningococcal meningitis wanda aka san ƙungiyar serogroup don su, 51% sune serogroup B, 13% C, 21% W, 13% Y da 2% rare ko ba serogroups "serogroupable".
Cututtukan meningococcal masu haɗari galibi yana shafar jarirai, yara ƙanana, matasa da matasa.
Meningococcal meningitis C: haddasawa, bayyanar cututtuka da watsawa
Kwayoyin cuta Neisseria meningitidis alhakin nau'in ciwon sankarau na C shine ta dabi'a a cikin ENT sphere (makogwaro, hanci) daga 1 zuwa 10% na yawan jama'a bisa ga Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, a waje da lokacin annoba.
Yaduwar kwayoyin cuta Neisseria meningitidis ga mutumin da ba mai ɗaukar hoto ba ya haifar da cutar sankarau bisa tsari. Yawancin lokaci, ƙwayoyin cuta za su kasance a cikin sashin ENT kuma suna dauke da tsarin rigakafi. Saboda nau'in yana da haɗari musamman, da / ko kuma mutum ba shi da isasshen kariya na rigakafi, ƙwayoyin cuta a wasu lokuta suna yaduwa zuwa cikin jini, suna kaiwa ga meninges kuma suna haifar da ciwon sankarau.
Mun bambanta manyan nau'ikan alamomi guda biyu meningococcal meningitis: wadanda ke fadowa a karkashin meningeal ciwo (m wuyansa, hankali ga haske ko photophobia, rikicewar hankali, rashin jin daɗi, har ma da suma ko kamawa) da waɗanda ke faruwa daga ciwo mai cututtuka (karfi zazzabi, matsanancin ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, amai….).
Wasu daga cikin waɗannan alamun na iya zama wuya a tabo a cikin ɗan ƙarami, shi ya sa zazzabi mai zafi ya kamata koyaushe ya sa a tuntuɓar gaggawa, musamman ma idan jaririn ya yi wani abu da ba a saba gani ba, yana yin kuka ba tare da katsewa ba ko kuma idan yana cikin yanayin rashin hankali kusa da suma.
Tsanaki: bayyanar a purpura fulminans, wato, ja ko tabo a ƙarƙashin fata gaggawa ce ta likita kuma ma'auni na tsanani. Yana buƙatar asibiti na gaggawa.
Ta yaya ake yada nau'in meningococcus na C?
Cutar sankarau nau'in C na faruwa a lokacin kusanci da mutumin da ya kamu da cutar ko kuma mai lafiya, ta hanyar. nasopharyngeal secretions (tsira, postilions, tari). Don haka ana samun tagomashin watsa wannan ƙwayar cuta a cikin gidan iyali amma kuma, alal misali, a wuraren liyafar jama'a, saboda lalata tsakanin yara ƙanana da musayar kayan wasan yara da ake sakawa a baki.
La lokacin hayayyafar cutar, wato lokacin da ke tsakanin kamuwa da cuta da farkon alamun cutar sankarau ya bambanta daga 2 zuwa 10 days kamar.
Maganin meningococcal C meningitis
Maganin kamuwa da cutar sankarau na kowane nau'i ya dogara da shi takardar sayan maganin rigakafi, a cikin jijiya ko cikin tsoka, kuma da wuri-wuri bayan bayyanar cututtuka. Meningococcal meningitis C na buƙatar asibiti gaggawa.
Sau da yawa, a cikin fuskantar bayyanar cututtuka da ke nuna ciwon sankarau, maganin rigakafi ne gudanarwa cikin gaggawa, ko da an daidaita maganin, da zarar an yi huda a lumbar don duba ko cutar sankarau ce (kuma wane irin nau'in) ne ko kuma kwayar cuta.
Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa
Tun da farko an yi maganin cutar sankarau, mafi kyawun sakamako da ƙarancin haɗarin ci gaba.
Sabanin haka, rashin saurin jiyya na iya haifar da lalacewa ga wasu sassa na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (musamman muna magana akan encephalitis). Har ila yau, kamuwa da cuta na iya shafar dukan jiki: wannan ake kira sepsis.
Daga cikin abubuwan da za a iya biyo baya da rikice-rikice, bari mu faɗi musamman kurma, lalacewar kwakwalwa, damuwa na gani ko hankali…
A cikin yara, Ana sa ido na tsawon lokaci bisa tsari tare da waraka.
Lura cewa, bisa ga gidan yanar gizon Inshorar Lafiya Ameli.fr, kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na mace-mace da kuma lokuta masu tsanani masu alaƙa da cutar sankarau a cikin yara rigakafin rigakafi ta hanyar rigakafi.
Shin maganin cutar sankarau na nau'in C ya zama tilas ko a'a?
Da farko an ba da shawarar tun daga 2010, allurar rigakafin cutar sankarau ta C yanzu yana ɗaya daga cikin allurar rigakafi 11 na tilas ga duk jariran da aka haifa a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2018 ko bayan haka.
Yana motsawa 65% an rufe ta inshorar lafiya, kuma ragowar adadin gabaɗaya ana mayar da su ta hanyar inshorar lafiya ta ƙarin (mutuals).
Ya kamata a lura cewa rigakafin cutar sankarau ta meningococcal C ya haɗa da allurar rigakafi don kare mafi raunin batutuwa, musamman jariran da aka ajiye a wuraren jama'a kuma waɗanda ba su isa a yi musu rigakafin ba.
Meningitis C: wane maganin alurar riga kafi kuma wane jadawalin rigakafin?
Nau'in rigakafin meningococcal nau'in C ya danganta da shekarun jariri:
- ga jariri, shi ne Neisvac® wanda aka rubuta, kuma ana gudanar da shi a cikin allurai biyu, a cikin watanni 5 sannan watanni 12;
- a matsayin wani ɓangare na maganin alurar riga kafi, Za mu zaɓi Neisvac® ko Menjugate® a cikin kashi ɗaya cikin jarirai na shekara ɗaya ko fiye, kuma har zuwa shekaru 24 a cikin rashin rigakafin farko.
kafofin:
- https://www.pasteur.fr/fr/centre-medical/fiches-maladies/meningites-meningocoques
- https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-a-prevention-vaccinale/infections-invasives-a-meningocoque/la-maladie/
- https://www.has-sante.fr/upload/docs/application/pdf/2020-05/recommandation_vaccinale_contre_les_meningocoques_des_serogroupes_a_c_w_et_y_note_de_cadrage.pdf