Urinary, auditory, hanci, cranial… The meatus or foramen is a orifice located in kashi or a organ.

Meatus shine karkacewa (ko fiye da haka “rami”) wanda aka lura a kashi ko gabobin. Ana kuma kiranta "foramen" (jam'i "foramina"). Waɗannan ramukan suna da aikin ba da izinin wucewa zuwa abubuwa daban -daban (ruwa, abubuwa, jijiyoyi, tasoshin, tashoshi, ramuka, sinuses, da sauransu).

Kalmar galibi tana shafar ureter (bututu don jigilar fitsari daga kodan zuwa mafitsara) ko zuwa urethra (hanyar fitar mafitsara). Muna magana ne saboda wannan dalili urinary fili wanda ya kunshi naman ureteral da naman urethral.

Amma akwai wasu sauran wuraren nama a cikin jiki, a cikin ƙasusuwa (kuma musamman kan kwanyar), tashar kunne ko ma ramin hanci.

Akwai ramuka 11 a gindin kwanyar, aikin su galibi shine barin jijiyoyi ko tasoshin su wuce:

• ramukan rairayin bakin teku na ethmoid . An ratsa ramukan ta da zaren jijiyoyin wari daga ramin hanci;
• canal optic: yana cikin cikin hanyoyin cinoid na baya. Ya ƙunshi jijiyoyin gani da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini, reshe mai haɗin gwiwa na jijiyar carotid na ciki. Ba a ganin canal na gani a kan gaban gaban kwanyar. Wani takamaiman abin da ya faru na rediyo ya zama dole don haskaka shi;
• ophthalmic orbital fissure : tana nan tsakanin babban reshe da ƙaramin reshen sphenoid. An tsallake shi ta duk jijiyoyin oculomotor: jijiyar oculomotor, jijiyar trochlear, jijiyar abducens da jijiyar ido (na farko mai mahimmanci na jijiyar trigeminal). Fissure orbital fissure kuma ya ƙunshi jijiyoyin ido;
• maharan da ke kewaye : yana cikin babban reshen sphenoid, yana ƙetare ta jijiyar trigeminal (V2);
• abubuwan ban mamaki : yana bayan bayan maharan zagaye. An ƙetare shi ta jijiyar mandibular (reshe na uku mai mahimmanci na jijiyar trigeminal da reshen motarta);
• Kaya mai ƙaya : yana cikin babban reshen sphenoid. Ya ƙunshi jijiya ta tsakiyar meningeal;
• tsagewar gaban ko carotid : yana tsakanin dutsen da sphenoid. An ƙetare shi ta jijiyar carotid na ciki wanda ke ba da kwakwalwa;
• mai sauti mai sauti(ko canal auditory na cikin gida): yana kan fuskar dutsen da ya fi girma. An ƙetare ta da stato-acoustico-facial kunshi wanda ya haɗa da jijiyoyin fuska, da tsakiyar wrisberget jijiya na jijiyar ji;
• ramin tsage na baya : yana tsakanin dutsen da sphenoid. An ƙetare shi ta jijiyar carotid na ciki;
• babban hypoglosse : yana barin jijiyar hypoglossal ta fito daga akwatin cranial;
• foramen magnum: shine babba mafi girma a cikin kwanyar. Yana da wurin canzawa tsakanin medulla oblongata da kashin baya. Yana wucewa ta jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini da tushen medullary na jijiyar kashin baya.

Kodan (wanda aikinsu shine tacewa da tsarkake jinin don canza shi zuwa fitsari) an haɗa shi da mafitsara ta hanyoyi biyu: ureters. Saboda haka fitsari yana barin koda kuma yana ratsa ta cikin naman ureteral. Maɓarar mafitsara tana haɗewa da fitsari (ko urethral meatus) ta bututun fitsari.

Namijin mafitsara yana da tsawo, yana tafiya ne daga mafitsara zuwa naman fitsari na tsallaka azzakari. Urethra na mace gajarta ce, tana farawa daga mafitsara kuma cikin sauri tana ƙarewa a cikin farji ta hanyar naman urethral.

A matakin ramin hanci, kowane nama ya yi daidai da ɗaya daga cikin turbinates kuma ya mamaye sarari tsakanin fuska ta gefe na fossa na hanci da turbinate. Hanyoyin huhu da ke kusa da ramin hanci suna sadarwa da na ƙarshe ta hanyar nama.

• mafificin naman nama ya mamaye turbinate na tsakiya. A cikin wannan nama yana buɗe sel na ethmoidal na baya da sinadarin sphenoid;
• tsakiyar nama meatus is located karkashin tsakiyar turbinate. A cikin wannan nama ya buɗe maxillary sinus, sinus na gaba da ƙwayoyin ethmoidal na baya;
• ƙananan nama na hanci is located karkashin ƙananan turbinate. A cikin wannan nama yana buɗe bututun lacrymo-hanci;
• babban nama (Santorini da Zuckerkandl nama) ba su da tabbas. Kowannen su yana gabatar da juzu'in kwayar halitta.

• Le exoustic meatus, wanda kuma ake kira canal kunne ko canal auditory canal, shine ɓangaren kunnen waje, wanda ke tsakanin pinna da kunnen kunne.
• Le musus na cikin gida yana buɗewa kan fuskar dutsen da ya fi girma ta dutsen ta cikin ramin amo na ciki. Tsawonsa ya kai 10mm, faɗinsa kuma 5mm.