Rushewar Macular
Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, da macular degeneration sakamakon lalacewa daga macula, areaan ƙaramin yanki na tantanin ido wanda yake a ƙasanido, kusa da jijiyar gani. Daga wannan sashin kwayar ido ne mafi kyawun gani na zuwa. Macular degeneration yana haifar da asarar sannu a hankali kuma wani lokacin yana da mahimmanci a kula hangen nesa, wanda ke ƙara zama mara haske.
Ciwon macular yafi shafar mutane masu shekaru 55 zuwa sama. Sannan an sanya shi ta hanyar magana Rushewar Macular ou AMD. Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don rage jinkirin ci gaban macular degeneration.
Akwai kuma form hereditary na wannan cuta, wanda ake yadawa ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta: Cutar Stargardt. Wannan yana faruwa a lokacin ƙuruciya ko ƙuruciya. A cikin wannan takaddar, ba za a tattauna ba.
Sanadin lalacewar macular
Abubuwa iri -iri na iya haifar da lalacewar macular. DA 'shekaru shine mafi mahimmancin haɗarin haɗari. Kimanin 1 cikin mutane 7 masu shekaru 55 zuwa 64 suna da ita, kuma 1 cikin 3 tsakanin waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 75 da sama22. Mutane tare da tarihin iyali macular degeneration sun fi kamuwa da cutar.
The halaye na rayuwa taka muhimmiyar rawa. Shan sigari babban haɗarin haɗari ne: idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba sa shan sigari, masu shan sigari suna iya samun wannan larurar sau 2 zuwa 3.19. Bugu da kari, duk wani abu da ke hana ruwa gudu zuwa kyallen ido yana kara hadarin. Wannan shine yanayin hauhawar jini da hypercholesterolemia.
A cikin binciken annoba na mata 1 masu shekaru 113 zuwa 55, mutanen da suka ci abinci da kyau, ba su shan taba kuma suna da ƙarfin jiki sun kasance sau 74 cikin haɗarin lalacewar macular fiye da waɗanda suka ɗauki mafi munin halaye na rayuwa.20. Tasirin tasiri na hanyar rayuwa na iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa wani, dangane da kayan gado.
A ƙarshe, kumburi na iya ba da gudummawa ga farkon cutar. Lallai, masu bincike sun sami daidaituwa tsakanin matakan jini na furotin mai kunnawa C, alamar kumburi, da lalacewar macular.2.
Nau'in lalacewar macular
- Matsalar bushewar macular mai shekaru. Har ila yau ana kiranta atrophic na shekaru masu alaƙa ko wanda ba shi da jijiyoyin jini na macular degeneration, shine mafi ƙarancin tsari da mafi yawa na macular degeneration. Yana tasowa sama da shekaru da yawa. Duk lalacewar macular da ke da alaƙa da shekaru yana farawa da busasshen tsari kafin ci gaba, a cikin kusan 1 cikin mutane 10, zuwa ga rigar.
- Rage macular degeneration mai shekaru. Har ila yau ana kiranta exudative ko neovascular, wannan nau'in lalacewar macular wani ƙari ne na busasshiyar sifa. An halin da samuwar sababbin jijiyoyin jini a cikin choroid, a karkashin retina. Jini ko wasu magudanan ruwa na iya fitowa da ƙara lalata macula. Yana haifar da asarar gani da sauri fiye da busasshiyar sifa, wani lokacin cikin kwanaki ko makonni. Siffar rigar na iya haifar da cikakkiyar asarar hangen nesa. Ba a fahimci abin da ke haifar da waɗannan jijiyoyin jini ba.
Matsala tare da aladu na gani Haske yana shiga cikinido ta ruwan tabarau. Hasken haske yana saukowa akan tantanin ido, siririn murfin da ke rufe cikin ido. Retina ya ƙunshi, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ƙwayoyin jijiya na photoreceptor: Cones da kuma sandunansu. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna da mahimmanci don gani da kyau saboda suna amsa launi da ƙarfin haske. Ƙwayar gani ta fi dacewa a cikin macula, ƙaramin yanki a tsakiyar retina. Macula yana ba da damar hangen nesa. Mutanen da ke fama da lalacewar macular suna da ƙananan raunin rawaya a cikin macula, wanda ake kira Drusens ko darussa. Waɗannan suna jujjuyawa zuwa tsokar nama. Wannan sabon abu shine sakamakon cirewar da bai dace ba pigments na gani, abubuwa masu ɗaukar hoto da ke cikin sel fotoreceptor. A cikin lokutan al'ada, ana kawar da waɗannan aladu kuma ana sabunta su koyaushe. A cikin wadanda abin ya shafa, suna tarawa a cikin macula. A sakamakon haka, yana da wahala ga jijiyoyin jini su samar da macula. Bayan wani lokaci, idanun sun lalace. |
Juyin Halitta na macular
A cikin hali na bushe form, duk da haka mutane da yawa za su riƙe kyakkyawar hangen nesa a duk rayuwarsu ko kuma a hankali su rasa hangen nesa. Wannan nau'i na lalacewar macular ba shi da magani. A gefe guda kuma, ana iya jinkirta juyin halittarsa ta hanyar ɗaukar wasu bitamin na antioxidant da motsa jiki. Kamar yadda cutar na iya zama asymptomatic na dogon lokaci, wannan na iya jinkirta ganewar asali don haka magani - wanda na iya rage tasirin sa.
A cikin hali na rigar form, batutuwa na iya rasa hangen nesa na hanzari. Abin farin, akwai magunguna don warkar da rigar. Wannan siffar tana haifar da alamu cikin sauri: saukarwar hangen nesa da murdiyar abubuwa (madaidaiciyar layuka suna gurbata).
Ga duka nau'ikan lalacewar macular da ke da alaƙa da shekaru, hangen nesa na iya raguwa a ido ɗaya kuma ya kasance a ɗayan na tsawon shekaru.
Wannan cuta taba tsokana de makanta gaba ɗaya tun da hangen nesa bai tsaya ba.