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Largemouth perch (bass) kifi ne na dangin tsakiya, tsari mai kama da perch. Kamar yadda yake da wasu kifayen “yan ƙasa” na “Sabuwar Duniya”, akwai wasu ruɗani na suna. Kalmar bass Turanci ce kuma ana fassara ta azaman perch. Amma akwai wani peculiarity a nan. Amurkawa galibi suna amfani da kalmar bass don bass babba ko trout bass, da kuma irin kifayen nau'in nau'in nau'in perch. Haka a yanzu ya shafi masunta na Rasha. Wannan shi ne da farko saboda gaskiyar cewa babban bass ɗin ya sami nasarar zama a yankuna da yawa na duniya, inda ya zama kyakkyawan abu na kamun kifi ga masu son kamawa, da kuma lokacin gasa daban-daban.
Wannan nau'in yana siffanta shi da ƙaƙƙarfan jiki, ɗan elongated gangar jikin. Tsayin jiki a cikin rabo na tsawon shine 1/3. Tare da shekaru, jikin kifin ya zama mafi girma. Jiki, matsawa daga tarnaƙi, da kuma wani ɓangare na kai, an rufe shi da ma'auni na matsakaici. Babban sashin jiki duhu ne, koren zaitun a launi. Shugaban yana da girma, layin bakin ya wuce nesa da iyakar idanu. Idanun manya ne, masu farauta. A kan tilas, ratsi duhu. Akwai baƙaƙe ko duhu a gefuna na jiki, suna yin tsiri tare da dukan jiki. Tsofaffi sun fi duhu launi. Muƙamuƙi na ƙasa ya fi na sama tsayi. Ƙarshen ƙoƙon yana raba da daraja. Ƙananan ƙananan ɓangaren gaba yana da haskoki 9-10 na spiny. Bayan fin yana da taushi, tare da hasashe mai wuya ɗaya. Har ila yau, ƙoshin tsuliya yana da haskoki na spiny. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafa an bayyana shi a fili, tare da fin ƙima. Largemouth bass sune mafi girma na bass baƙar fata, tare da mata sun fi maza girma. Girma na iya isa tsawon har zuwa 75 cm kuma nauyin fiye da 11 kg.
Bass mazauni ne a cikin rukunan ruwa masu tsayi ko kuma a hankali. Wani muhimmin fasalin shine yanayin zafi, wanda ke haifar da manyan matsalolin da ke haifar da kiwo a cikin ruwan Rasha. Dan kwanton bauna ne. Ya fi son zama a cikin kurmin ciyayi ko a wuraren da aka binne. Babban kewayon zurfin har zuwa 6 m. Yawancin lokaci yana amfani da ƙasa mara daidaituwa na bakin teku, kogo ko burrows don kwanto. A wannan yanayin, kifin ya dogara da farko akan yanayin gani. Mafarauci ba shi da fifikon abinci na musamman. Manyan mutane ma suna iya kai hari kan tsuntsayen ruwa. Sau da yawa ganimar waɗannan mafarauta sune nau'ikan amphibians, crustaceans da ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Suna girma da sauri, musamman ma mata suna samun nasara a girman. A cikin tafki inda ciyayi ba su da kyau, yana haifar da rayuwa mai aiki, yayin da yake da muni sosai kuma yana iya fitar da wasu nau'ikan.
Hanyoyin kamun kifi
Bass wani nau'i ne na "alama" a cikin duniyar kamun kifi na wasanni. Tare da Novy Svet, a cikin yankunan da babban bass noman ya yi nasara, ya zama muhimmiyar manufa don kamun kifi na kasuwanci. Daga cikin 'yan wasa-yan wasa, ana gudanar da gasa na musamman don kama wannan kifi. Masu "trendsetters" 'yan Arewacin Amirka ne; dukan masana'antu suna aiki don irin wannan kamun kifi. Yanzu wannan shugabanci na kamun kifi na wasanni ya kama duk duniya. Kiwo na kasuwanci don "kamun kifi" yana haɓaka sosai a kudancin Turai, Arewacin Afirka. Kamun Bass ya mamaye kasar Japan gaba daya. Gasar bass ta Rasha ta wanzu na dogon lokaci. Babban nau'in kamun kifi na bass na bigmouth shine kamun kifin wucin gadi ta amfani da kadi da sandunan siminti. A halin yanzu, wasanni da masu son bass tashi kamun kifi suna haɓaka sosai. Largemouth bass, kamar sauran mafarauta masu aiki, suna amsa da kyau ga bacin rai. Don yin wannan, zaku iya amfani da koto mai rai, kwadi, manyan tsutsotsi da ƙari.
Kama kifi akan sanda mai juyi
Kungiyar Bass League ta Amurka ta yi tasiri sosai kan salon kamun kifi da kuma zabar kayan aiki ta masu yin kamun kifi. Yaɗuwar amfani da reels masu haɓaka haske don irin wannan nau'in kamun kifi ya zama wani ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don ƙirƙirar adadi mai yawa na kayan aikin simintin. Sakamakon haka, yanzu an ƙirƙiri reels masu yawa, waɗanda da su zaku iya jefa bats mafi sauƙi. Dabarun kamun kifi na bas a cikin ruwa na gargajiya baya buƙatar siminti mai tsayi; a maimakon haka, daidaito da babban ji na kayan aiki suna da mahimmanci. A kan wannan, an gina zaɓin kayan aikin kama wannan kifi. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan ba dogayen sanduna ba ne na aiki mai sauri, suna ba da damar yin ƙugiya da sauri da fitar da su daga wuraren da suka mamaye tafki. Amma wannan shawarar ba koyaushe dace da kamun kifi a kan tafki na wucin gadi a Afirka da Kudancin Turai ba, inda bass ke yin kiwo don dalilai na kasuwanci.
Yankin ruwa, da kuma bakin tekun irin waɗannan tafkunan, ba kowa bane, don haka yin amfani da sanduna masu tsayi da ƙarfi ya dace sosai a nan. A kowane hali, yin amfani da ɓangarorin aikin jinkirin haske ba shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don kamun kifi ba. Yin amfani da reels masu yawa yana buƙatar wasu ƙwarewa kuma ba koyaushe yana barata ga masu farawa ba. Bugu da ƙari, tare da ɗan ƙaramin fasaha, yin amfani da coils marasa amfani waɗanda suka saba da Turawa ba ya haifar da matsala yayin kama bass. Multiplier reels sun fi buƙatu a cikin shirye-shiryen kayan aiki da kuma zaɓin layukan. Koyaya, simintin gyare-gyaren kanta yana buƙatar ƙarin horo. In ba haka ba, kamun kifi a cikin tafki mai nisa a lokacin "mai daraja" na ɗan gajeren hutu na iya juya zuwa "gemu" mara iyaka da kuma neman mafi kyawun nauyin lalata don simintin gyare-gyare. Daga mahangar mafi kyawun hankali na tuntuɓar, mafi daidaitaccen bayani shine yin amfani da layukan ƙirƙira waɗanda ke haifar da matsakaicin lamba tare da kifin a lokacin cizon. Amfani da fluorocarbon Lines, kazalika da sauran monofilament, kamar yadda babban winding na reel ne quite barata. Kwanan nan, fluorocarbon ya zama zaɓin da ya fi dacewa a tsakanin 'yan wasan motsa jiki da masu cin abinci na wasanni a matsayin shugabanni ko kuma a matsayin jagora mai ban tsoro. Ya kamata a lura da cewa bass sau da yawa yana da kyau game da zaɓin labule, zurfin wiring, da sauransu. Wannan yana buƙatar sanin takamaiman yanayin tafki da kuma yanayin rayuwa na abin kamun kifi.
Tashi kamun kifi
Babu ƙaramin ban sha'awa shine kama bass akan kayan kamun gardama. Yin la'akari da gaskiyar cewa babban wurin zama na wannan kifin shine bakin teku ko yanki maras kyau na tafki, ana iya yin kamun kifi daga bakin teku da kuma daga jiragen ruwa. Kamun kifi yawanci yana faruwa ne akan manyan kwaikwayo na dabbobi daban-daban, gami da lallausan ƙasa. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da sandunan hannu ɗaya, farawa daga aji na 6. Shahararrun masana'antun igiya suna yin jerin samfuran na musamman. Babban bambanci tsakanin irin waɗannan samfuran shine ɗan gajeren kai, amma a halin yanzu babban arsenal na igiyoyi da masu harbi sun dace da wannan nau'in. Daga cikin fitattun igiyoyin da aka fi sani da sauƙin ƙware akwai "Ambush Triangle Taper" ko "Triangle Taper Bass" daga masana'anta Royal Wulff.
Batsa
Ana amfani da babban adadin baits don kama bass. Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, kifayen suna da ƙarfi sosai kuma suna da ƙarfi. Tana farauta a cikin dukkan ruwan ruwa. Lokacin kamun kifi, ana amfani da dabarun waya iri-iri. Saboda haka, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da kusan duk yiwuwar arsenal na yaudara na zamani kadi da tashi kamun kifi. Dangane da yanayin tafki, masu zane-zane na iya samun nau'ikan spinners, baits na spinner, lures mai yawa: bladed and bladeless, silicone imitations, da sauransu. Ana iya kama bas ɗin daidai ta amfani da bats na halitta, masu rai da kuma amfani da ko da mafi sauƙi na iyo ko kayan raye-raye. Ga masu kamun gardama, zaɓin lallaɓa ya zo ga manyan kwaikwayo masu iyo da nutsewa. Kada a manta a nan cewa rabin nasarar ita ce ingantacciyar dabara da fasaha ta wayar tarho, tare da tsammanin cewa a mafi yawan lokuta babban bass ya dogara da hangen nesa wajen zabar wanda aka azabtar. Lokacin zabar takamaiman koto, da farko, yana da kyau a gano a cikin wane Layer na ruwa akwai mafarauta mai aiki.
Wuraren kamun kifi da wurin zama
Wurin zama na dabi'a na babban bass na ruwa daban-daban na Arewacin Amurka: daga Manyan Tekuna zuwa kwarin Mississippi da sauransu. Artificially zauna a cikin da yawa tafkunan a duniya. Ga Turawa, mafi ban sha'awa shine tafkunan Spain da Portugal. Masunta na Rasha suna ci gaba da haɓaka tafkunan "bass" na Cyprus. Bass na Largemouth suna kiwo sosai a cikin Croatia. Mazauna yankunan gabashin Rasha kada su manta game da shahararrun bass a Japan. An yi ƙoƙari na daidaita wannan nau'in a cikin tafkunan Rasha. An gudanar da irin wannan gwaje-gwaje a kan tafkunan ruwa da ke kusa da birnin Moscow da kuma kudancin kasar. A halin yanzu, an adana marasa kima a cikin kogin Kuban, a kan Don da kuma kan tafkin Abrau (Krasnodar Territory) da sauransu. Balaga yana faruwa a cikin shekaru 3-5.
Ciyarwa
Spawning yana faruwa a cikin bazara da bazara, farawa a watan Maris. Gidan kifi yana zaune a cikin ƙananan ramuka a cikin yashi ko ƙasa mai dutse, sau da yawa a tsakanin ciyayi na ruwa. Tare da wasannin mating, mata na iya yin ƙwai a cikin gidaje da yawa a lokaci ɗaya. Maza suna gadin kama, sa'an nan kuma garken yara na yara kusan wata guda. Soya yayi girma da sauri, riga a tsayin jiki na 5-7 cm daga larvae na invertebrates daban-daban sun canza zuwa ciyar da kifi.