Ɗauki ƙididdiga
Akwai ƙididdiga don kama killer whales da beluga whales. Kodayake kwanan nan sun kasance sifili. A cikin 1982, an dakatar da tarkon kasuwanci gaba ɗaya. Hatta ’yan asalin ƙasar, waɗanda har yau za su iya yin aikinsu cikin ’yanci, ba su da ikon sayar da su. Tun daga 2002, an ba da izinin kama kifayen kifaye. Sai dai da sharaɗin cewa sun balaga cikin jima'i, ba a jera su a cikin Jajayen Littafin ba kuma ba mata ba ne masu alamun ciki. Duk da haka, 11 da ba su da girma kuma suna cikin nau'ikan jigilar kayayyaki (wato, an haɗa su a cikin Red Book) kisa kifaye saboda wasu dalilai ana ajiye su a cikin " kurkukun whale ". An karɓi adadin kuɗin kama su. yaya? Ba a sani ba.
Matsalar da ke tattare da ƙididdiga shine cewa ba a san ainihin girman yawan kisa ba a cikin Tekun Okhotsk. Don haka, har yanzu ba a yarda a kama su ba. Ko da tarkon da aka sarrafa na iya kaiwa ga yawan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Marubucin takardar koke, Yulia Malygina, ta bayyana cewa: “Rashin ilimin cetaceans a cikin Tekun Okhotsk hujja ce da ke nuna cewa ya kamata a hana fitar da wadannan dabbobi.” Idan an ci gaba da girbi maruƙan killer whale, wannan na iya haifar da asarar nau'in.
Kamar yadda muka gano, akwai ƴan kifayen kifayen da ake ajiyewa a yanzu kusa da Nakhodka a duniya. Daruruwa kaɗan kawai. Abin takaici, sau ɗaya kawai suke haifan 'ya'ya a kowace shekara biyar. Sabili da haka, wannan nau'in yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman - a waje da "kurkuku whale".
Burin al'adu da ilimi
Duk da haka, kamfanoni hudu sun sami izini a hukumance don girbin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Dukkansu an kama su ne bisa ga ka'ida don dalilai na ilimi da al'adu. Wannan yana nufin cewa killer whales da beluga whales ko dai su je dolphinariums ko masana kimiyya don bincike. Kuma a cewar Greenpeace Rasha, za a sayar da dabbobin ga kasar Sin. Bayan haka, kamfanonin da aka ayyana suna ɓoye ne kawai a bayan burin ilimi. Hakika Oceanarium DV ya nemi izinin fitar da whales na beluga, amma sakamakon cak, ma'aikatar albarkatun kasa ta ki amincewa da shi. Rasha ita ce kasa daya tilo a duniya da aka ba da izinin sayar da kifayen kifaye ga wasu kasashe, don haka za a iya yanke shawarar cikin sauki domin moriyar 'yan kasuwa.
Dabbobi masu shayarwa na waɗannan kamfanoni suna da ƙima sosai, kuma ba kawai al'adu da ilimi ba. Kudin rayuwar ruwa dala miliyan 19 ne. Kuma ana iya samun kuɗi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar siyar da Mormleks a ƙasashen waje.
Wannan shari'ar tayi nisa da ta farko. A watan Yuli, ofishin mai gabatar da kara ya gano cewa wasu kungiyoyin kasuwanci guda hudu, wadanda ba a bayyana sunayensu ba, sun baiwa Hukumar Kamun Kifi ta Tarayya bayanan karya. Sun kuma bayyana cewa za su yi amfani da killer whales wajen ayyukan al'adu da ilimi. A halin yanzu, su da kansu sun sayar da dabbobi bakwai a kasashen waje ba bisa ka'ida ba.
Don hana irin waɗannan lokuta, masu fafutuka sun ƙirƙiri takarda kai tsaye a kan shafin yanar gizon Cibiyar Jama'a ta Rasha . Marubutan koken suna da yakinin cewa hakan zai iyadon kare al'adun gargajiya na Tarayyar Rasha da bambancin halittu na tekun Rasha. Har ila yau, za ta ba da gudummawa ga "ci gaban yawon shakatawa a cikin wuraren zama na dabbobi masu shayarwa na ruwa" da kuma inganta kimar kasarmu a matakin kasa da kasa a matsayin jihar da ta yarda da "manyan matakan kiyaye muhalli."
Laifin laifi
A cikin yanayin kisa whales da beluga whales, duk keta a bayyane yake. Kisan kifaye guda goma sha ɗaya maruƙa ne kuma an jera su a cikin Jajayen Littafin Kamchatka, 87 belugas sun wuce shekarun balaga, wato, babu ɗayansu da ya kai shekaru goma tukuna. Bisa ga haka, Kwamitin Bincike ya ƙaddamar (kuma ya yi daidai) shari'ar kama da dabbobi ba bisa ka'ida ba.
Bayan haka, masu binciken sun gano cewa ana kula da killer whales da beluga whales a cibiyar karbuwa da kyau, kuma yanayin tsare su ya bar abin da ake so. Na farko, yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da cewa kisa kifaye a cikin yanayi suna haɓaka saurin fiye da kilomita 50 a kowace awa, a cikin Srednyaya Bay suna cikin tafkin 25 mita tsayi da zurfin mita 3,5, wanda ba ya ba su dama. don hanzarta. Anyi hakan ne bisa ga dalilai na tsaro.
Bugu da ƙari, sakamakon binciken, an sami raunuka da canje-canje a cikin fata a wasu dabbobi. Ofishin mai gabatar da kara ya lura da cin zarafi a fagen kula da tsafta bisa ga abin da ya wuce kima. An keta ka'idojin adana kifin daskararre don ciyarwa, babu wani bayani game da disinfection, babu wuraren magani. A lokaci guda kuma, dabbobi masu shayarwa na ruwa suna cikin damuwa akai-akai. Ana zargin mutum daya da ciwon huhu. Samfuran ruwa sun nuna ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa waɗanda ke da wahalar yaƙi da dabba. Dukan waɗannan sun ba da dalilin da ya sa Kwamitin Bincike ya soma shari’a a ƙarƙashin talifin nan “zaluntar dabbobi.”
Ajiye dabbobi masu shayarwa na ruwa
Da wannan taken ne jama'a suka fito kan titunan Khabarovsk. An shirya tsintsiya madaurinki daya a kan " kurkukun whale ". Masu fafutuka sun fito da alluna kuma suka je ginin Kwamitin Bincike. Don haka sun bayyana matsayinsu na zaman jama'a dangane da dabbobi masu shayarwa: kama su ba bisa ka'ida ba, zaluntar su, da kuma sayar da su ga kasar Sin don nishaɗi.
Al'adar duniya ta nuna a sarari cewa ajiye dabbobi a zaman bauta ba shine mafita mafi ma'ana ba. Don haka, a cikin Amurka, alal misali, yanzu ana fafutuka mai karfi don hana kiyaye kifayen kifaye a zaman talala: a jihar California, an riga an yi la’akari da wata doka da ta haramta amfani da kifayen kifaye a matsayin dabbobin circus. Jihar New York ta riga ta zartar da wannan doka. A Indiya da wasu ƙasashe da dama, an kuma hana kiyaye kifayen kifin kifin, beluga whales, dolphins da cetaceans. A can ana daidaita su da mutane masu zaman kansu.
Aka rasa
Dabbobi masu shayarwa sun fara bacewa daga wuraren. Fararen kifaye guda uku da kifayen kifi guda ɗaya sun ɓace. Yanzu akwai 87 da 11, bi da bi - wanda ke dagula tsarin binciken. A cewar mambobi na Don 'Yancin Killer Whales da Beluga Whales, ba shi yiwuwa a tserewa daga " kurkukun Whale ": wuraren da aka rufe suna cikin kulawa akai-akai, an rataye su da raga da kyamarori. Hovhannes Targulyan, kwararre a sashen bincike na Greenpeace, ya yi tsokaci game da haka kamar haka: “Dabbobi mafi ƙanƙanta da raunana, waɗanda ya kamata su ci madarar mahaifiyarsu, sun ɓace. Wataƙila sun mutu.” Ko da sau ɗaya a cikin buɗaɗɗen ruwa, mutanen da ba su da tallafi suna mutuwa.
Don kada a jira sauran dabbobin su mutu, Greenpeace ta ba da shawarar a sake su, amma yin shi a hankali kuma a hankali, kawai bayan magani da gyarawa. Tsawon bincike da ingantaccen aikin jajayen aikin sashe suna hana wannan tsari. Ba su yarda a mayar da dabbobi zuwa wurin zama na halitta ba.
A ranar Whale ta Duniya, reshen Rasha na Greenpeace ya ba da sanarwar cewa a shirye ya ke ya shirya dumama shinge a cikin " kurkukun Whale " da kudinsa don kiyaye rayuwa da lafiyar kisa kifayen har sai an sake su. Sai dai hukumar kula da dabbobi masu shayarwa ta Marine Mammal ta yi gargadin cewa "idan dabbobin sun dade a wurin, da zarar sun saba da mutane", zai yi wuya su kara karfi su rayu da kansu.
Menene sakamakon?
Kwarewar kimiyyar duniya da na Rasha ta gaya mana cewa kisa kifayen kifayen da beluga whales suna da tsari sosai. Suna iya jure damuwa da zafi. Sun san yadda ake kula da dangantakar iyali. A bayyane yake dalilin da yasa waɗannan dabbobin ke cikin jerin nau'ikan albarkatun halittu na ruwa, waɗanda aka saita iyakacin damar kamawa kowace shekara.
Duk da haka, abin da ke faruwa shine abin da ke faruwa. Ana kama ƙananan kifayen kifaye ba tare da izini ba, ba tare da izini ba suna ƙoƙarin sayar da su a ƙasashen waje. Don magance wannan matsala, ya zama dole a shigar da mutane da yawa gwargwadon iko. Shugaban kasar Rasha Vladimir Putin ya riga ya ba da umarnin "tattauna batutuwan kuma, idan ya cancanta, tabbatar da cewa an yi sauye-sauye ga dokar dangane da kayyade halayen hakar da amfani da dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin ruwa da kuma samar da bukatu don kula da su." Zuwa ranar 1 ga Maris, an yi alkawarin warware wannan batu. Shin za su cika alkawuran ko kuma za su sake fara aikin? Dole ne mu kalli…