"Yawan tasirin maganin mura yana da yawa," in ji Hélène Gingras, mai magana da yawun Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Sabis ta Quebec. Lokacin da nau'in maganin alurar riga kafi da waɗanda ke yawo daidai gwargwado, ana samun ingancin kashi 70 zuwa 90%. A gaskiya ma, a cikin 2007, biyu daga cikin nau'o'in rigakafin ba su dace da nau'in da ke haifar da mafi yawan lokuta na mura ba. Musamman, an gano nau'in B na maganin ba shi da tasiri a kan nau'in B da ke yawo¹.

"Duk da komai, koda tasirin bai cika ba, rigakafin ya kasance mafi kyawun kariya ga mutanen da ke cikin haɗari, in ji Hélène Gingras. Ko da yake mun san cewa tsofaffi, alal misali, ba sa mayar da martani ga allurar kamar yadda matasa waɗanda tsarin rigakafi ke aiki mafi kyau. Tabbas matakan tsafta kamar wanke hannu da da'a na numfashi suma suna da matukar muhimmanci, in ji ta. “Amma yayin da maganin ba koyaushe yana hana tsofaffi kamuwa da mura ba, yana rage tsanani da rikitarwa. Hakanan yana rage yawan mutuwa. Murar ta haifar da mutuwar 1 zuwa 000 a Quebec kowace shekara, musamman a tsakanin tsofaffi. "

Har zuwa kwanan nan, kiyasin raguwar adadin mace-mace da mura a cikin tsofaffi ke haifarwa shine kashi 50% da raguwar asibitoci da kashi 30%, sakamako mai kyau na lafiyar jama'a. Duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masu bincike sun yi tambaya game da sakamakon binciken binciken da ya haifar da waɗannan raguwa: waɗannan sakamakon za a yi la'akari da wani abu mai banƙyama da ake kira "lafiya mai haƙuri"lafiya mai amfani tasiri)^2-8 .

Sumit R. Majumdar, likita kuma mataimakin farfesa a Sashen Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a a Jami'ar Alberta da ke Edmonton ya ce: "Mutanen da ke samun allurar rigakafin marasa lafiya ne nagari waɗanda suke ganin likitocinsu akai-akai, suna shan magungunansu, motsa jiki kuma suna cin abinci sosai." Yayin da tsofaffi masu rauni waɗanda ke da wahalar motsawa ba za su iya samun maganin ba. "

Idan ba a yi la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan ba a cikin nazarin bayanan ƙididdiga, sakamakon yana nuna son kai, a cewar D^r Majumdar. "Mutanen da ba a yi musu allurar ba sun fi zama a asibiti ko kuma su mutu daga mura, ba don ba a yi musu alurar riga kafi ba, amma saboda lafiyarsu da farko ta fi rauni," in ji shi.

Binciken kula da shari'ar Kanada wanda Dr.^r Majumdar da aka buga a watan Satumba na 2008 sunyi la'akari da wannan muhimmin al'amari mai ruɗani⁸, kamar dai irin wannan binciken da aka yi a Amurka kuma aka buga a watan Agustan 2008⁷. Tawagar ta Kanada ta yi nazarin bayanan lafiyar tsofaffi 704 da aka kwantar a asibitoci shida masu fama da ciwon huhu, mafi yawan kamuwa da cutar mura. Rabin su an yi musu allurar, sauran kuma ba a yi musu ba.

Sakamako: "Bincikenmu ya nuna cewa gaskiyar yin allurar rigakafi ko rashin yinsa ba ta da tasiri kan yawan mace-macen mutanen da ke kwance a asibiti tare da ciwon huhu," sharhi D.^r Majumbar. Wannan baya nufin kada a yiwa wadannan mutane allurar. Maimakon haka, yana nufin cewa ba mu isa mu rage mura a wasu hanyoyi ba. Misali, babu isassun tallace-tallacen lafiyar jama'a game da wanke hannu, ma'auni mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don tasiri. "

Binciken na Amurka, wanda aka buga a watan Agustan 2008, ya duba ƙarin marasa lafiya kuma ya duba adadin ciwon huhu a cikin mutanen da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi da kuma wadanda ba a yi musu ba.⁷. Hukuncin daya ne: allurar mura ba ta da tasiri sosai wajen hana ciwon huhu, wanda shine babban matsalar mura.

Sakamakon waɗannan binciken guda biyu bai yi mamakin D^re Maryse Guay, mashawarcin likita a Institut de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ)⁹. “An dade da sanin cewa allurar ba ta da tasiri a cikin tsofaffi, amma, a yanzu, waɗannan binciken biyu ba su isa ba idan aka kwatanta da duk ingantaccen bayanan da muka tattara game da tasirin rigakafin. maganin rigakafi,” in ji ta. Ta lura, a cikin wasu abubuwa, cewa a cikin binciken biyu, yawan mutanen da aka yi nazari sun kasance takamaiman kuma an gudanar da binciken Kanada a waje da lokacin mura. “Duk da haka, a ko da yaushe muna kan sa ido tare da bin diddigin duk abin da aka buga a kan batun. A mafi muni, ba mu yin allurar ba don komai ba, amma wannan rigakafin, idan aka kwatanta da sauran, ba shi da tsada kuma mun san cewa yana da tasiri ga mutane masu lafiya, ”in ji ta.

"Kafin kashe kuɗi da yawa don ƙara yawan ɗaukar allurar rigakafi a cikin tsofaffi, ya zama dole a yi nazarin asibiti da ke sarrafa placebo don samun ƙarin ainihin ra'ayi na ainihin tasirin maganin, duk da haka ya ce Dr.^r Majumdar. A halin yanzu, binciken daya ne kawai na irin wannan nau'in, shekaru 15 da suka gabata, a cikin Netherlands: masu binciken sun lura kusan tasirin maganin. Muna buƙatar ƙaƙƙarfan shaidar asibiti. "

"Bayanan asibiti sun tsufa, ya yarda da D^re Guay Duk da haka, tun da muna da ra'ayi cewa maganin yana da tasiri, ba a yi waɗannan nazarin ba saboda ba zai zama da'a ba don ba da wuribo. Bugu da ƙari, yin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti game da rigakafin cutar mura yana da wahala sosai, musamman saboda nau'in rigakafin ya bambanta a kowace shekara kuma ba za mu taɓa tabbatar da cewa za su kare kansu daga waɗanda ke yawo ba. "

Yara sune manyan masu yada mura. Alamun su ba su da girma fiye da na manya, don haka iyaye ba su kula da su ba. Sakamako: yaran ba su ware kuma presto! inna ta kama shi kuma watakila ma kakan, wanda ke zaune a wurin zama. Ba ya ɗaukar ƙari don haifar da fashewa a cikin yawan jama'a da ke cikin haɗarin rikitarwa.

A D^r Majumbar ya yi amfani da misalin Japan don misalta cewa ya kamata a ƙarfafa rigakafin yara. A kasar nan, inda aka yi shirin bai wa yara rigakafi a makarantu, yawan kamuwa da mura ya karu a tsakanin tsofaffi lokacin da aka yi watsi da wannan matakin. "Saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a yi wa yara gabaɗaya da waɗanda ke kusa da tsofaffi allurar rigakafi," in ji shi. Yayin da tsarin garkuwar jikinsu ke amsa alluran rigakafi fiye da na tsofaffi, maganin yana kare su da kyau. Idan ba su kamu da mura ba, ba za su yada ta ba. "

Ba za a iya fitar da yanayin Jafananci zuwa na Quebec ko Kanada ba, inuwa D^re Guay: “A Japan, dangantakar ’ya’ya da kakanni suna kusantar juna sosai, domin sau da yawa suna zama a gida ɗaya, wanda ba haka yake ba a nan. A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, mun tattauna batun ba da rigakafin ga duk yara a Quebec, amma ba mu sami nasarar isa ga al'ummomin da aka yi niyya ba, musamman mutanen da ke cikin haɗari da ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya. "

A D^re Guay ya bayyana halin da ake ciki a Ontario, wanda ya ba da shirin rigakafin mura na duniya tun shekara ta 2000. Bisa ga bayanan da aka samu, ya gano cewa tasirin wannan matakin bai isa ba don rage watsawa, sabanin abin da ya faru a Japan. "A Amurka, lafiyar jama'a ta yanke shawarar cewa ana ba da shawarar rigakafin mura na shekara-shekara ga yara masu shekaru 6 zuwa 18. Muna duba abin da ake yi a wani wuri kuma muna jira don ganin sakamakon da aka samu kafin yanke shawara. Mun yi amfani da wannan dabarar don rigakafi da yawa kuma ya zuwa yanzu yana da amfani a gare mu, ”in ji D^re Cool

Shirin rigakafin kyauta na Quebec ya yi niyya ga nau'ikan mutane da yawa waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin rikitarwa daga mura, amma kuma duk mutanen da ke kusa da su saboda suna zaune da su ko kuma saboda suna aiki da su. Mutanen da ke cikin haɗari sune:

- mutane masu shekaru 60 da haihuwa;

- yara masu shekaru 6 zuwa watanni 23;

- mutanen da ke da wasu cututtuka na yau da kullum.

• Tuntuɓi takardar shaidar mu akan mura don gano yadda ake rigakafinta da magance ta.
• Duk cikakkun bayanai game da allurar mura: sunayen samfurori a kasuwa a Quebec, abun da ke ciki, alamomi, jadawalin, inganci, da dai sauransu.

  Ka'idar rigakafi ta Quebec, Babi na 11 - Alurar rigakafin mura da pneumococcus, Santé et Services sociaux Québec. [An tuntubi takardar PDF a ranar 29 ga Satumba, 2008] publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca

• Amsoshin tambayoyi 18 game da harbin mura

  Mura (mura) - Tambayoyin da ake yi akai-akai, Santé et Services sociaux Québec. [An shiga Satumba 29, 2008] www.msss.gouv.qc.ca

• Teburin kwatanta alamun sanyi da mura

  mura ne ko mura? Haɗin Kan Kanada don Fadakarwa da Tallafawa rigakafin rigakafi. [Takardar PDF da aka isa ga Satumba 29, 2008] albarkatun.cpha.ca