Yadda za a ƙayyade shekarun kifaye ta hanyar ma'auni: fasali na zoben shekara-shekara

Wannan tambaya ce mai ban sha'awa wacce ke damun magudanar ruwa da yawa. Ko da yake, a gefe guda, wannan ba shi da mahimmanci gaba ɗaya idan babu ƙuntatawa akan kama kifi. Wasu daga cikinsu suna ƙayyade kimanin shekaru da girman kifin. Amma girman kifin da nauyin kifin na iya dogara da dalilai da yawa, gami da samun abinci a cikin tafki. Sabili da haka, wannan hanyar tana ba da sakamako kusan kusan, kodayake yana da gamsarwa.

Akwai kuma wata hanyar da za ku iya gano shekarun kifin da ya fi dacewa, kamar yadda ake ƙididdige shekarun bishiyar akan yanke ta amfani da zoben shekara-shekara. Kuna iya gano wannan ta hanyar ma'auni, idan kun bincika shi a hankali, ta hanyar kasusuwa da gills. Masana da ke da hannu a wannan fanni sun san kusan komai game da kifin: shekarunsa nawa, yadda suka girma, sau nawa suka haihu, da sauransu.

Ƙayyade shekarun kifi ta hanyar ma'auni

Idan ka kalli ma'auni da na'urar hangen nesa, za ka iya ganin zobba na musamman a jikin sa, masu kama da waɗanda ake gani a jikin bishiya. Kowane zobe shaida ne ga wata rayuwa shekara. Ta hanyar ma'auni, yana da kyau a ƙayyade duka shekarun kifin da tsawonsa, wanda ya girma fiye da shekarar da ta gabata.

Misalai masu tsayi har zuwa mita 1 suna da ma'auni tare da radius har zuwa santimita 1. Nisa daga zobe na shekara-shekara (na farko) zuwa tsakiyar ɓangaren ma'auni shine kusan 6 mm. Dangane da wannan bayanin, ana iya ƙayyade cewa kifin ya girma da 60 cm a cikin shekara guda.

Idan ka kalli ma'auni a ƙarƙashin na'urar microscope, za ka iya ganin wani, amma mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci - wannan shine rashin daidaituwa. A kan ma'auni zaka iya ganin ridges da depressions, wanda kuma ake kira sclerite. A cikin shekara guda na rayuwa, 2 yadudduka na sclerites sun bayyana - babba da ƙananan. Babban sclerite yana nuna lokacin girma mai aiki na kifin, kuma ƙaramin yana nuna gogaggen lokacin kaka-hunturu.

Idan kun ƙayyade adadin sclerite biyu daidai, to, zaku iya kawai ƙayyade shekarun kifin. Amma, ko da a wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar samun wasu ƙwarewa.

Amma wannan ba matsala ba ne idan kifi yana da manyan ma'auni. A lokaci guda kuma, akwai nau'in kifin da ke da ƙananan ma'auni kuma wannan hanya ba ta dace ba, tun da ba za a iya lissafin tsawon lokacin da kifi ya rayu ba. Wato, yana yiwuwa a lissafta shi, amma wannan zai buƙaci kayan aiki na musamman. A wannan yanayin, ana ɗaukar kwarangwal a matsayin tushen ƙididdige shekarun kifin. Bisa ga wannan, za mu iya yanke shawarar cewa ba shi da sauƙi ga talakawa don jimre wa wannan aikin, tun da tsarin yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman.

Ta yaya zoben shekara-shekara ke samuwa a cikin kifi?

Don daidai kuma daidai ƙayyade shekarun kifin, wajibi ne a san ilimin ilimin lissafi na girma na zoben shekara-shekara.

Idan ka duba a hankali, za ka iya ganin cewa an rarraba zobe a matakai da yawa: a baya da fadi da haske zobba kunkuntar da duhu zobba. Faɗin zobe yana nuna lokacin da kifin ya girma da haɓaka sosai. A matsayinka na mai mulki, shine bazara, bazara da kaka. Ana yin zobe mai duhu lokacin da kifi ke cikin ruwan sanyi ba tare da abinci kaɗan ba. Wani lokaci yana da wuya a gano zoben duhu a cikin kifi, wanda ke nuna mawuyacin yanayin hunturu.

Irin waɗannan zoben suna samuwa ne saboda ƙasusuwan kifi da sikelinsa suna da irin wannan sifa kamar bayyanar yadudduka, dangane da yanayin rayuwa. A gefe guda, sikelin iri ɗaya ko haɓakar kwarangwal yana yiwuwa ne kawai idan kifi yana cikin yanayi mai kyau, wanda ba zai taɓa faruwa ba.

Kowace shekara ta rayuwar kifaye ba ta tafiya a ma'auni ko ƙasusuwan kifi. Da farko, ma'auni ya ƙunshi faranti mai haske. Shekara guda bayan haka, farantin na biyu yana samuwa a ƙarƙashinsa, wanda ya wuce gefen farko. Sai na uku, sai na hudu, da sauransu. Idan kifin ya kai kimanin shekaru 5, to, ma'auninsa ya ƙunshi faranti 5, ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Irin wannan ginin yayi kama da kek ɗin Layer, lokacin da mafi ƙanƙanta, amma mafi tsufa farantin yana saman, kuma mafi girma, amma ƙarami, yana ƙasa.

Yaya za ku iya ganin zoben shekara-shekara a cikin kifi

Yana da matukar wahala a ƙidaya ko gano zoben shekara-shekara a cikin kifi, musamman da ido tsirara. Don haka, kuna buƙatar samun gilashin ƙararrawa ko binoculars idan komai ya faru akan tafki. Idan ka yanke shawarar magance wannan matsala a gida, to yana da kyau ka sanya kanka da wani microscope. Kafin aiwatar da kanta, kuna buƙatar:

• Shirya ma'auni don dubawa kuma, idan ya cancanta, kurkura shi da barasa.
• Don dubawa, yana da kyau a ɗauki ma'auni mafi girma, waɗanda suke a gefe.
• Ma'auni bai kamata ya sami lalacewar injiniya ba.

Don ƙarin ƙididdigar daidaitattun ƙididdiga, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da cikakkiyar girman girman sclerites. Karkashin na'urar hangen nesa, za a ga zoben shekara-shekara, ramuka da ramuka. Bayan irin waɗannan hanyoyin da yawa, yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade shekarun kifin a zahiri kuma tare da daidaito mai girma.

Yaya ake lissafin shekarun kifi?

Yin amfani da ma'auni da ƙasusuwa, yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade da ƙayyadaddun shekarun kifin ko girma a shekara daya da ta gabata. Wannan zai buƙaci microscope da wasu kayan aiki. Dangane da yanayin ma'auni, yana da kyau a tantance abin da ya faru da kifin a lokacin haifuwa, alal misali. A wasu nau'ikan kifaye, idan ya je haifuwa, ma'aunin ya karye. Ta wannan dalili, zaku iya ƙayyade sau nawa kifin ya riga ya haihu a rayuwarsa.

Ƙaddamar da shekarun kifaye na nau'i daban-daban

Yawan shekarun kifi yana da sauƙi don sanin ko yana da sirara amma tsayin ma'auni. Don haka, ya fi sauƙi don ƙayyade shekarun pike, taimen, grayling, herring da sauran nau'in kifi da yawa.

Yana da matukar wahala a tantance shekarun perch, burbot ko eel. A wannan yanayin, dole ne ku ɗauki ƙasusuwan lebur a matsayin samfur. An ƙayyade shekarun sturgeons ta hanyar manyan haskoki na ƙofofin dorsal. Don yin wannan, ɗauki katako mafi girma kuma yanke shi a mafi girman wurinsa. Sa'an nan kuma yanke yana gogewa zuwa gaskiya, bayan haka zai yiwu a ga zoben shekara-shekara. Bayan haka, ana ƙididdige shekaru bisa ga tsarin da aka yarda da shi gabaɗaya, wanda aka yi amfani da shi akan ma'auni. Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don tantance shekarun sauran nau'in kifin, kamar kifin kifi.

Baya ga waɗannan hanyoyin, akwai wata hanya, wacce ta dogara akan binciken gills. A kan murfin gill, alamomi, kama da waɗanda ke kan ma'auni, suna kasancewa bayan kowace shekara ta rayuwa. Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa hatta kifayen da ba su da kwarangwal suna da zoben nasu na shekara-shekara. Irin waɗannan zoben suna samuwa a kan lokacin farin ciki haskoki na pectoral fins.

Don sanin yawan nau'in kifi na musamman, yana da muhimmanci a fahimci yadda wani nau'in kifin ke tasowa a hankali. Akwai nau'in nau'ikan da suka yi jinkiri. Idan muka dauki Salmon Amur, to yana farawa ne kawai yana da shekaru 20. Don haka, idan kun bi ta cikin nau'in mutum ɗaya, za ku iya fahimtar cewa kowane nau'in yana tasowa gaba ɗaya ba tare da wani ba kuma kowane nau'in yana rayuwa na wani lokaci. na lokaci. Yana da matukar muhimmanci kimiyya ta san tsawon lokacin da wani nau'in kifin zai iya rayuwa domin sarrafa yawan wasu nau'in kifin. Amma ga masu kama kifi, a gare su kimanin shekarun kifi ba ya nufin wani abu mai mahimmanci.