Contents
Hormones sune mahadi na sinadarai waɗanda jikinmu ke samarwa don daidaita ayyuka daban-daban, daga metabolism zuwa ci har ma da bugun zuciya da numfashi. Da yawa ko kadan daga cikin wasu kwayoyin halitta (rashin daidaituwa na hormonal) yana shafar jin dadi kuma yana haifar da cututtuka daban-daban.
Kuna iya gano matsalar tare da taimakon gwajin hormonal, wanda ke taimakawa wajen tantance rashin daidaituwa na hormonal. Ƙwararrun bincike na zamani na dakunan gwaje-gwaje suna ba mu damar samun isasshen magani a nan gaba.
Matakan Hormone suna canzawa tare da shekaru, kuma ga wasu har cikin yini. Likitoci suna amfani da gwaje-gwaje na hormonal don ganowa da kimanta rashin daidaituwa na hormonal wanda zai iya sa mara lafiya rashin lafiya. Ana yin gwajin hormone sau da yawa tare da samfurin jini, amma wasu gwaje-gwajen suna buƙatar samfuran fitsari ko miya.
Yawancin matakan gwajin:
- estrogen da testosterone, progesterone;
- adrenal hormones kamar cortisol;
- girma hormone, prolactin da sauran pituitary hormones;
- thyroid hormones kamar thyroxine.
Wani lokaci ana yin motsa jiki na hormone da gwaji don tantance rashin daidaituwa na hormonal. Likitoci da farko suna ba wa marasa lafiya hormones da sauran abubuwan da ko dai sun fara (ƙarfafa) ko kuma su daina (nanne) samar da wasu kwayoyin halittar. Sannan suna tantance halayen jiki.
Nau'o'in na yau da kullun na ƙarfafawa da gwajin dannewa sun haɗa da.
- Amsar hormone girma ga glucagon. A cikin wannan binciken, ana allurar glucagon hormone a cikin tsokar tsoka, sannan a auna matakinsa cikin sa'o'i 4. Wannan gwajin yana taimakawa tabbatarwa ko kawar da rashi na hormone girma a cikin manya.
- Cortisol martani ga cosyntropin. A cikin wannan gwajin, an ba majiyyacin cosyntropin, wanda ke aiki a matsayin hormone adrenocorticotropic wanda glandon pituitary ya samar kuma yana motsa glandan adrenal don samar da cortisol. Sannan ana auna matakan Cortisol kowane minti 30 na awa daya. Wannan gwajin yana taimakawa tabbatar da gazawar adrenal.
- Gwajin jurewar glucose. A wannan yanayin, ana ba mai haƙuri abin sha mai sukari, wanda yakamata ya rage matakin girma na hormone. Sannan ana auna matakin hormone girma a cikin jini kowane awa biyu. Wannan gwajin yana taimakawa tabbatar da acromegaly.
- Cortisol martani ga dexamethasone. Mai haƙuri yana ɗaukar kwamfutar hannu dexamethasone da dare, wanda yakamata ya toshe samar da cortisol. Kashegari, ana ɗaukar samfurin jini daga wurinsa don auna matakin wannan hormone. Gwajin yana taimakawa tabbatarwa ko kawar da cutar Cushing.
- Gwajin kashewa na Metyrapone. A nan makirci ɗaya ne - da dare mai haƙuri yana ɗaukar kwamfutar hannu na metyrapone, wanda ya kamata ya hana samar da cortisol. Kashegari, ana ɗaukar samfurin jini daga gare shi don auna matakan cortisol da adrenocorticotropic hormone. Wannan gwajin yana taimakawa tabbatarwa ko kawar da gazawar adrenal.
Waɗanne gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don hormones
Don gwajin hormone, jini, busassun busassun jini akan takarda na musamman, miya, samfuran fitsari na kowane mutum, da gwajin fitsari na awanni XNUMX yawanci ana ɗaukar su. Nau'in samfurin zai dogara ne akan abin da ake aunawa, daidaiton da ake buƙata, ko shekarun majiyyaci.
Sakamakon gwajin hormone na iya shafar abinci, abin sha, hutu, motsa jiki, da hawan jini, wanda zai iya haifar da sakamako mara kyau. Ana samun ƙarin ingantattun bayanai a cikin gwaje-gwaje masu ƙarfi, lokacin da aka ɗauki bincike sau biyu ko fiye a cikin ƙayyadadden lokaci.
Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don nazarin hormonal.
Bayanin hormonal na mace
Bayanan kwayoyin halittar mata sun hada da gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:
- FSH (hormone mai ƙarfafa follicle);
- estradiol (mafi yawan aiki nau'i na estrogen);
- progesterone;
- testosterone;
- DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate);
- bitamin D
Don bincike, ana yawan yin gwajin jini, amma ana iya ba da shawarar yin gwajin fitsari (ciki har da lokacin daukar ciki).
Bayanan Hormonal Na Miji
Wannan ya haɗa da gwaje-gwaje don:
- PSA (prostate takamaiman antigen);
- estradiol;
- progesterone;
- testosterone;
- DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate);
- SHBG (jima'i hormone-daure globulin).
Yawancin lokaci ba da gudummawar jini, watakila alƙawarin gwajin fitsari da sauran zaɓuɓɓuka.
Profile na Thyroid
Gwajin bayanan bayanan thyroid sun haɗa da:
- TSH (hormone mai motsa jiki);
- kyauta T4;
- kyauta T3;
- maganin rigakafi na thyroid;
- antibodies zuwa thyroid peroxidase.
Kimanta matakan calcium da metabolism na kashi
A wannan yanayin, bincike:
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D;
- 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D;
- parathyroid hormone.
Ƙimar aikin glandon adrenal
A wannan yanayin, bincika matakin:
- aldosterone;
- renin;
- cortisol: babu fitsari na awanni XNUMX, serum/plasma, yau daddare
- ACTH;
- catecholamines da metanephrines (haɗarin fitsari);
- plasma catecholamines;
- metanephrine ba tare da plasma ba.
Hanyoyin girma
Don tantance su, ana yin gwaje-gwaje akan:
- hormone girma;
- Insulin girma factor 1.
Gulukos homeostasis
Ana ɗaukar waɗannan gwaje-gwaje lokacin da ake zargin ciwon sukari:
- insulin;
- C-peptide.
Ana yin su lokaci guda tare da matakan glucose na plasma, gwajin haƙuri na glucose.
A ina zan iya samun gwajin hormones na?
Ana iya yin nazarin kima na bayanin martaba na hormonal a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na polyclinics da asibitoci, idan an haɗa su a cikin shirin jarrabawa don inshorar likita na wajibi. Amma wasu gwaje-gwajen ƙila ba za a haɗa su cikin shirin kyauta ba, kuma dole ne a ɗauki su akan kuɗi.
A cikin asibitoci masu zaman kansu da dakunan gwaje-gwaje, zaku iya yin gwajin hormonal a ƙarƙashin manufar VHI ko don kuɗi, ya dogara da adadin bincike.
Nawa ne farashin gwajin hormone?
Gwaje-gwaje na hormones farashin daga ɗari zuwa dubu da yawa rubles, dangane da rikitarwa na gwajin da tsawonsa.
Za a iya bayyana farashin farko akan gidan yanar gizon asibitin, farashin ƙarshe zai dogara ne akan adadin binciken da ya dace.
Shahararrun tambayoyi da amsoshi
An amsa tambayoyi game da gwaje-gwajen hormonal endocrinologist Zukhra Pavlova. Mun kuma magance wasu tambayoyi game da gwajin hormone endocrinologist Elena Zhuchkova.
Wanene kuma yaushe yakamata a gwada hormones?
Ana iya bincika matakin hormones a matsayin wani ɓangare na gwajin likita. Mafi sau da yawa ana kallon hormones na thyroid da thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), tun da cututtukan thyroid suna da yawa.
Likitan ya rubuta bincike don hormones idan mai haƙuri yana da wasu gunaguni. Ko kuma an shirya ciki - to za su iya rubuta gwajin haihuwa kuma suyi nazarin matakin testosterone, globulin, estradiol, prolactin.
Yadda za a shirya don gwajin hormone?
Sau da yawa ina ji: idan na ba da gudummawar hormones na thyroid, to menene ya shafi ko na ci ko ban ci ba. A gaskiya ma, komai yana haɗuwa. Bari mu ce matakin testosterone, wanda da alama ba shi da alaƙa da abinci. Idan ka duba kafin cin abinci da minti 20-30 bayan haka, a cikin akwati na biyu, matakinsa zai ragu da kashi 30%. Kuma wannan yana da mahimmanci!
Bayan cin abinci, adadin hormones na hanji, glucagon da insulin, suma suna ƙaruwa, kuma sun riga sun shafi duk sauran hormones.
Bugu da ƙari, muna ƙoƙarin yin la'akari da rhythms circadian na hormones. Alal misali, matakan cortisol da testosterone sun fi girma da safe, kuma wasu sauran kwayoyin halitta sun fi girma da yamma.
Akwai wasu buƙatu don isar da hormones. Wajibi ne mai haƙuri ya kasance a cikin matsayi na baya, saboda matsayi na tsaye na jikin mutum kuma yana rinjayar matakin hormones.
Kafin wucewa gwajin don matakin cortisol, yana da kyau kada ku ci nama a rana ɗaya, kada ku ji tsoro, don ware yanayin mafi yawan damuwa, ƙarfin jiki mai nauyi.
Za a iya samun sakamakon da ba daidai ba, wanda ke shafar binciken?
Sakamakon wasu gwaje-gwaje na hormones za a iya canza idan an yi su nan da nan bayan aikin physiotherapy, gwajin X-ray, duban dan tayi (alal misali, ba lallai ba ne don gudanar da nazarin wasu kwayoyin hormones a ranar duban dan tayi na nono. , duban dan tayi na prostate). A lokaci guda, zaku iya ɗaukar gwaje-gwajen hormones na thyroid lafiya a amince da su bayan duban dan tayi na glandar thyroid. Wannan ba zai shafi sakamakon ta kowace hanya ba. Masanin ilimin endocrinologist zai taimaka maka kewayawa da ba da shawarar mafi kyawun shirin kafin gwajin.
Ana ba da jini don bincike kan hormones na jima'i a cikin mata a wata rana ta sake zagayowar. ƙwararren ya kamata ya gargaɗe ku game da wannan.
Wasu cututtuka waɗanda ba su da alaƙa da ilimin engacrine na iya shafar sakamakon jarrabawar. Don haka, alal misali, yana da daraja la'akari da kasancewar ciwon daji, ilimin cututtuka na hanta, kodan, rashin lafiya mai tsanani. Har ila yau, haɗuwa da cututtuka na endocrin da yawa yana yin gyare-gyare ga fassarar sakamakon kuma ya kamata a kimanta shi ta hanyar gwani.
Kusan duk gwajin jini na hormones yakamata a gudanar da su ba sau ɗaya ba, amma a cikin kuzari. Bincike a cikin abubuwan da ke faruwa ya fi ba da labari duka ta fuskar bincike da kuma tsinkayar hanya da sakamakon cutar.