Contents
Artisanal / Artisanal / Art / Rustic
Kalmar da ta fito daga abincin Faransanci. "Mai fasaha" baƙar fata ne, a cikin wannan yanayin - sayar da 'ya'yan itatuwa daga lambun kansa ko lambun kayan lambu. A cikin ma'anar ma'ana, kalmar tana nufin duk abin da aka yi a cikin al'ada da kuma girma a kan ƙasa a cikin iyakacin iyaka, kuma ba a cikin ci gaba da samarwa ba: yana iya zama ba kawai apples da cucumbers ba, amma har gurasa, man zaitun, da dai sauransu Kimanin. ma'anar guda ɗaya yana da kalmar Ingilishi craft - ƙananan wurare dabam dabam, marubucin, wanda aka yi da hannu. Amma giya mai sana'a ya fi sau da yawa, kuma mai sana'a - giya. A nakalto Jamie Oliver: “A gare ni, samfurin fasaha yana da ma’ana idan na san sunan wanda ya yi shi. Ina zuwa wurin manomi don neman kabeji, ba na fitar da su daga babban kanti a kan trolley ba. ”
Na halitta / Na halitta
A mafi kyau, samfuran "na halitta" ba su ƙunshi launuka na wucin gadi, dandano ko wasu abubuwa na roba ba. Amma tun lokacin bayyanar wannan kalma akan marufi ba'a kayyade shi ta kowace hanya ba, to duk abubuwan da ke sama na iya kasancewa. Bugu da kari, babu wanda ya san yadda ake noman lemu ko tumatur da ke da alaka da muhalli, wanda daga nan ne aka matse ruwan 'ya'yan itace na halitta. "Nature" yana cikin mafi kyawun sa “Mara cutarwa“, Amma ba koyaushe bane” mai amfani “: misali, farin sukari ko man kayan lambu mai ladabi - ana iya la'akari da su samfurori na halitta.
Organic, ECO, BIO / Organic / Samfurin mai muhalli
Ga mazaunin Bature, kasancewar waɗannan kalmomin akan marufi kai tsaye yana nufin cewa wannan samfurin yana da takaddar lafiyar muhalli. Hukumomin kasa da kasa wadanda ke da hakkin bayar da irin wadannan satifiket suna gabatar da cikakkun bukatu a kan samfurin a duk matakan samar da shi: sa ido kan yanayin kasa, rashin magungunan kwari da takin ma'adinai, kula da abinci mai gina jiki, kiwo da kiyaye dabbobi, dama har zuwa kwalin karshe na samfurin, wanda bai kamata ya kunshi kowane mahadi na wucin gadi ba, gami da nanoparticles (ee, nanotechnology ba a dauke shi kwayoyin!) Karba bio-takardar shaidar – kasuwanci mai tsada kuma na son rai zalla. Amma ga masana'antun Yammacin Turai, wannan wata dama ce ta kama wani yanki na kasuwa don samfuran muhalli. A cikin Rasha, in rashin bayyanannun mizani da kuma kunkuntar kasuwa don irin waɗannan samfurori, masana'antun ba sa gaggawar kashe kuɗi don samun alamar da ake so, kuma ana iya maye gurbin manufar "kwayoyin halitta" da kalmar. "Gona" (wanda, tabbas, ba abu ɗaya bane). Sabili da haka, yawancin kayan "ƙwayoyin" da ke kan ɗakunan mu na asali ne kuma suna da tsada sau 2-3 fiye da takwarorinsu na cikin gida.
Don haka yana da daraja kashe ƙarin? Masana kimiyya sunyi imanin cewa yana da daraja. Misali, sarkar bayyananniya wacce mutane kalilan suka gano dangane da ita nama da samfurori daga gare ta (sausages, hams, tsiran alade, da dai sauransu..): idan dabbobin suna raye ba a ciyar da kwayoyin cuta, to naman su, shiga cikin jikin mutum, baya haifar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta masu tsayayya ga magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta. Hakanan ya shafi na wucin gadi dyes da abubuwan adanawa - rashinsu, misali, a cikin tsiran alade, da gaske rage haɗarin ci gaba allergiesWannan dama ce jagoranci rayuwa mai kyau ko samun kiba yayin shan magungunan zamani a cikin mutum zai fi girma sosai. Kuma wani binciken da aka buga a cikin Jaridar Gina Jiki na Burtaniya a cikin 2016 ya gano cewa samfuran kiwo na halitta sun ƙunshi 50% ƙarin acid omega-3, waɗanda ke daidaita hanyoyin jini da zuciya. A cikin kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa, ƙaddamar da abubuwan gina jiki ya fi girma: a cikin karas - 1,5 sau fiye da beta-carotene, a cikin tumatir - 20% karin lycopene.
Abincin abinci
Kalmar “superfoods” ta kwanan nan ta shiga cikin kamus ɗinmu: yana nufin 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, tsire-tsire, tsaba waɗanda ke da haɓakar abubuwan gina jiki. Matsayin mai mulkin, wannan abincin mu'ujiza yana da kyakkyawan labari (misali, chia tsaba har ma kabilun Maya sun yi amfani da shi a matsayin matattarar matasa), suna mai ban sha'awa (acaya berry, 'ya'yan goji, spirulina alga - sauti!) kuma ya zo mana daga kowane irin wurare masu wurare masu zafi - Amurka ta Tsakiya, Afirka ta Tsakiya, tsibirin Cape Verde . A yau, gabaɗaya masana'antun sun riga sun kirkira game da manyan abinci, suna masu alƙawari tare da taimakon waɗannan “kwayoyi” masu tsada na yau da kullun don magance duk matsalolin ranar: cika jiki tare da furotin da makamashi, kare daga cutarwa mai cutarwa, rage nauyi, gina tsoka truth Yaya gaskiyar gaskiya take? Bisa lafazin Cibiyar Cancer Research a Birtaniya prefix “super” a cikin wannan yanayin ba komai bane illa talla. Haka ne, berries na goji suna da babban taro na bitamin C - amma ba fiye da lemun tsami ba. Cibiyoyin Chia sun yi ƙasa da man kifi sosai dangane da abun ciki na fatty acids masu amfani. A gefe guda, irin wannan "abinci mai gina jiki" na iya zama babban taimako ga masu cin ganyayyaki. Kuma ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki da daidaitacce zai iya rage haɗarin cututtuka da yawa. Amma superfood ba shi yiwuwa ya zama panacea. saboda haka Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) cikin taka-tsantsan yana rarraba manyan abinci a matsayin "kayayyakin da ke da yuwuwar amfani ga jiki idan babu haƙuri."
probiotics
Probiotics sune ƙwayoyin cuta masu rai waɗanda galibi ana samun su a cikin samfuran kiwo waɗanda ba a faɗowa ba, abinci mai ƙima, da kari na musamman. An yi imani da cewa su normalize hanjinsu, jimre wa dysbiosis, lokaci guda kawar da gubobi daga jiki da kuma mayar da rigakafi. Manufar sabon abu ne - a cikin 2002 ne kawai Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta gabatar da kalmar a cikin ƙamus na kimiyya na hukuma. Duk da haka, masana kimiyya har yanzu ba za su iya samun yarjejeniya ba game da ko probiotics suna rayuwa a cikin mummunan yanayi na ruwan 'ya'yan itace na ciki kafin su fara "aiki" a cikin hanji. Kwamitin Kula da Abinci, Abincin Abinci da Allergy Hukumar Tsaro ta Abincin Turai (EFSA) baya ba da shawarar hada abinci mai ƙarfi tare da probiotics a cikin abincin yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 7. Tun da har yanzu jariran ba su sami asalinsu na ƙwayoyin cuta ba, ƙwayoyin rigakafin da aka shigar a cikin jikinsa za su fi cutarwa fiye da amfani a gare shi. Kuma ta hanyar, yogurt da kefir ba su ƙidaya ba. “Abincin fermented aiki” kuma koda suna dauke da maganin rigakafi, sun yi kadan a gare su don samun tasirin magani. Akwai karin maganin rigakafi da yawa a cikin sauerkraut, ɗanyen apples, da pickles.
Free-Sugar
Alamar kan kunshin kawai yana nufin cewa ba a ƙara ingantaccen sukari a cikin samfurin ba. Kuma ko kadan baya bada garantin rashin sauran kayan zaki, irin su zuma, syrups daga agave, Jerusalem artichoke or launin ruwan kasa shinkafaSabili da haka, samfurin da aka yiwa lakabi da “mara suga” yana iya ƙunsar adadin kuzari masu yawa kamar takwarorinsa. Har ila yau, yana da kyau a yi la’akari da cewa sandunan ‘ya’yan itace da sauran kayan zaki na“ na halitta ”a priori sun hada da fructose a cikin abin, don haka, koda a sifofin da ba su da sukari na irin wadannan kayan zaki na“ lafiyayyu ”, a kalla 15 g na sugars na halitta a cikin 100 g na kayan.
Gluten Free
An ayyana Gluten kusan annoba ta ƙarni na XNUMX. Ana amfani da ɗakunan manyan kantuna da menu na abinci don samfuran marasa alkama. Ko da yake, a zahiri, gluten kalma ce ta gaba ɗaya da ake amfani da ita don nufin takamaiman sunadaran shuke-shuken hatsi kamar sha'ir, hatsi, hatsin rai da alkamaWanda kuma aka fi sani da "gluten", wannan rukunin furotin ne wanda yake ba da gari "ƙarfi", yana sa burodi ya zama laushi kuma ya ba da damar kullu ya tashi ya riƙe fasalinsa. Abin baƙin ciki amma gaskiya ne: bisa ga bayanai WHO a Turai, yawan mutanen da ke wahala gluten rashin lafiyan, kawai a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata ya girma da kusan 7%, wannan kaso ya fi yawa a yara. Haɓakar farin jini game da cin abincin da ba shi da yalwar abinci yana ƙaruwa da gaskiyar cewa guje wa muffins da kumburi na taimakawa ga jituwa. Koyaya, sai dai idan kuna rashin lafiyan irin wannan furotin na furotin, likitoci sun ba da shawara game da kawar da hatsi daga abincinku gaba ɗaya. Tabbas, ban da alkama, hatsi ya haɗa da dukkanin abubuwan da ake buƙata don al'ada aiki na tsarin jiki: bitamin, enzymes, fats, carbohydrates, sunadarai. Tabbas, cin kayan gasa mai zaki ba zai yi maka komai ba, amma gasasshen hatsi tare da avocado don karin kumallo ba shakka ba bala'i bane.
Dukan hatsi
Binciken abin da aka koya a cikin darussan ilimin halittu na makaranta: hatsi na hatsi (alkama, hatsin rai, hatsi, shinkafa da sha'ir) tsaba ne. Kuma kowane iri ya kunshi sassa da dama: amfrayo, ƙarshen zamani (tsakiya) tare da amfrayo da harsashi mai kariya (bran) Garin alkama mafi girman daraja (kari) hatsi ne wanda komai daga ciki aka kankare shi, banda tsakiyar ƙarshen endosperm. Kuma a lokaci guda, tare da kwanson, sun aika zuwa kwandon bitamin PP, E, B1, B2, wanda ke ƙaruwa da motsa jiki da kuma daidaita metabolism. Endosperm shine ainihin sitaci wanda ke ba da ɗan kaɗan ga jiki banda adadin kuzari mara amfani. Conclusionarshen hankali shi ne cewa gurasa tare da cikakkiyar hatsi ya fi lafiya. Amma kada ku yaudare kanku cewa lokacin zabar burodi a kan babban kanti "Tare da cikakkun hatsi", “Cikakke”, "hatsi" da sauransu. kana da tabbacin inganta bitamin. “Gurasa mai alala” dole ne ta ƙunshi aƙalla 5% cikakkun hatsi, Matsayin EU samfuran hatsi gabaɗaya sun kasance aƙalla kashi 4% na dukan hatsi. Sauran fulawa ne da aka tace. Nemo kalmomin "100% Dukan Hatsi" akan marufi, ko kuma ku karanta lakabin a hankali, wanda ke nuna ainihin rabon nau'in fulawa daban-daban. Kuma ta hanyar, gurasar hatsi gabaɗaya, ta hanyar ma'anar, ba zai iya zama kyauta ba.