Fornix (daga Latin fornix, ma'ana jirgin) wani tsari ne na kwakwalwa, mallakar tsarin limbic kuma yana sa ya yiwu a haɗa sassan kwakwalwa biyu.

Matsayi. Fornix na cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya. Yana zama commissure na intra da tsaka-tsakin hemispherical, wato tsarin da ke ba da damar haɗa sassan kwakwalwar kwakwalwa guda biyu, hagu da dama. The fornix yana cikin tsakiyar kwakwalwa, a ƙarƙashin corpus callosum (1), kuma ya tashi daga hippocampus zuwa jikin mammillary na kowane hemisphere.

Structure. Fornix ya ƙunshi zaruruwan jijiyoyi, musamman daga hippocampus, tsarin kwakwalwar da ke cikin kowane yanki (2). Za a iya raba maniyyi zuwa sassa da yawa (1):

• Jikin fornix, wanda aka sanya shi a kwance kuma an manne shi a ƙarƙashin sashin corpus callosum, ya zama ɓangaren tsakiya.
• ginshiƙan fornix, guda biyu a lamba, suna tasowa daga jiki kuma suna motsawa zuwa gaban kwakwalwa. Waɗannan ginshiƙan sai lankwasa ƙasa da baya don isa da ƙarewa a jikin mammillary, sigar hypothalamus.
• ginshiƙan maƙwabci, guda biyu, suna tasowa daga jiki kuma suna zuwa bayan kwakwalwa. Wani katako yana fitowa daga kowane ginshiƙi kuma an saka shi a cikin kowane lobe na ɗan lokaci don isa hippocampus.

Actor na limbic tsarin. Fornix yana cikin tsarin limbic. Wannan tsarin yana haɗa tsarin kwakwalwa kuma yana ba da damar sarrafa bayanan motsin rai, motsi da ciyayi. Yana da tasiri akan ɗabi'a kuma yana shiga cikin tsarin haddar (2) (3).

Na degenerative, jijiyoyin jini ko asalin tumor, wasu pathologies na iya haɓakawa kuma suna shafar tsarin kulawa na tsakiya da kuma musamman na fornix.

Tashin rauni. Ya yi daidai da girgiza kan kwanyar wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa. (4)

bugun jini. Cerebrovascular hadarin, ko bugun jini, yana bayyana ta hanyar toshewar jini na kwakwalwa, ciki har da samuwar jini ko rushewar jirgin ruwa.5 Wannan yanayin zai iya rinjayar ayyukan fornix.

Alzheimer ta cutar. Ana bayyana wannan ilimin tauhidi ta hanyar gyare-gyaren ikon tunani tare da asarar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya musamman ko raguwa a cikin ikon tunani. (6)

Kwayoyin Parkinson. Ya dace da cututtukan neurodegenerative, alamun bayyanar su ne musamman rawar jiki a hutawa, ko ragewa da raguwa a cikin kewayon motsi. (7)

mahara sclerosis. Wannan ilimin cuta cuta ce ta autoimmune na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya. Tsarin garkuwar jiki yana kai hari ga myelin, garkuwar da ke kewaye da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki, yana haifar da halayen kumburi. (8)

Ciwon ciwon zuciya. Ciwace-ciwacen ciwace ko ciwace-ciwacen daji na iya tasowa a cikin kwakwalwa kuma suna shafar aikin ma'auni. (9)

Drug jiyya. Dangane da cututtukan da aka gano, ana iya ba da wasu jiyya kamar su magungunan kumburi.

Thrombolyse. Anyi amfani dashi lokacin shanyewar jiki, wannan jiyya ya ƙunshi rushewar thrombi, ko ƙin jini, tare da taimakon magunguna. (5)

Jiyya na tiyata. Dangane da nau'in cutar da aka gano, ana iya yin tiyata.

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, far da aka yi niyya. Dangane da nau'i da mataki na ƙwayar cuta, ana iya aiwatar da waɗannan jiyya.

Nazarin jiki. Na farko, ana yin gwajin asibiti don lura da tantance alamun da mai haƙuri ya gane.

Gwajin hoton likita. Domin tantance lalacewar fornix, ana iya yin sikanin ƙwaƙwalwa ko MRI na kwakwalwa musamman.

biopsy. Wannan gwajin ya ƙunshi samfurin sel, musamman don tantance ƙwayoyin tumor.

Lumbar dam. Wannan jarrabawar tana ba da damar nazarin ruwan cerebrospinal.

Da'irar Papez, wanda masanin neuroanatomist na Amurka James Papez ya bayyana a cikin 1937, ya haɗa dukkan sassan kwakwalwar da ke cikin aiwatar da motsin rai, gami da fornix. (10).