Furen hanji, wanda kuma ake kira microflora na hanji ko microbiota na hanji, wani nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta ne waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin hanji. Wadanda ba pathogenic ba, waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin narkewar jiki da kariya. Don haka, rashin daidaituwa na flora na hanji zai iya haifar da illa.

Menene flora na hanji ko hanji microbiota?

Flora na hanji, wanda kuma ake kira microbiota na hanji, yana wakiltar saitin ƙwayoyin cuta da ke cikin hanji. An ce waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da yawa, wato suna rayuwa a ciki symbiosis tare da jikin mutum. Ba su da cututtukan cututtuka kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga aikin da ya dace na jiki.

Menene abun da ke tattare da microbiota na hanji?

Furen hanji a da ana kiranta da flora na ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji saboda bincike ya nuna cewa ta ƙunshi ƙwayoyin cuta kaɗai. Godiya ga ci gaban kimiyya, yanzu an gane cewa flora na hanji a zahiri ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da:

• nau'ikan kwayoyin cuta daban-daban ;
• ƙwayoyin cuta ;
• yisti ;
• Naman kaza ;
• protozoa.

Ayyukan microbiota na hanji a cikin tafiya

Yawancin karatu sun tabbatar da muhimmiyar rawa na furen hanji a cikin hanyar narkewa. Rashin daidaituwa a cikin microbiota na hanji zai iya zama sanadin cututtuka na narkewa.

Matsayin flora na hanji a cikin narkewa

Furen hanji yana ba da gudummawa ga narkewar abincin da aka ci, ta hanyar shiga musamman a:

• lalacewar wasu ragowar abinci ciki har da wasu zaruruwan kayan lambu;
• hydrolysis na rage cin abinci lipids ;
• rushewar wasu sunadaran ;
• assimilation na gina jiki ;
• da kira na wasu bitamin.

Muhimmancin flora na hanji don kare kwayoyin halitta

Microbiota na hanji yana shiga cikin kariyar garkuwar jiki. Kwayoyin cututtuka na flora na hanji suna aiki musamman don:

• hana shigar da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta ;
• iyakance ci gaban kamuwa da cuta ;
• bunkasa tsarin rigakafi.

Sauran yuwuwar rawar da ke ƙarƙashin bincike don furen hanji

Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa akwai kuma hulɗa tsakanin kwakwalwa da microbiota na hanji. Rashin daidaituwa na flora na hanji zai iya tasiri musamman ga bayanan da aka watsa zuwa tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.

Menene dysbiosis

Dysbiosis yayi daidai da a rashin daidaiton flora na hanji. Ana iya bayyana wannan ta musamman ta:

• rashin daidaituwa tsakanin wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, musamman tsakanin masu amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta da masu cutarwa;
• fifikon wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta irin su enterobacteria ko fusobacteria;
• raguwa ko rashin wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar kwayoyin cuta Faecalibacterium prausnitsii.

Menene haɗarin rikitarwa?

Bincike a kan flora na hanji ya nuna cewa dysbiosis na iya shiga cikin ci gaban wasu cututtuka ciki har da:

• Ciwon hanji mai kumburi (IBD), irin su cutar Crohn ko ulcerative colitis, wanda ke nuna rashin isasshen amsawar rigakafi a cikin hanji;
• rikicewar rayuwa, kamar nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 da kiba, wanda ke shafar yadda jiki ke aiki sosai;
• le maganin ciwon daji, lokacin da ƙwayar cuta ta tasowa a cikin hanji;
• wasu cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini, saboda alakar dake tsakanin gut microbiota da kwakwalwa.

Menene abubuwan haɗari ga dysbiosis?

Rashin daidaituwa na flora na hanji na iya samun fifiko ta wasu abubuwa kamar:

• abinci mara kyau;
• shan wasu magunguna;
• danniya.

Matakan rigakafi don kula da flora na hanji

Yana yiwuwa a hana dysbiosis ta hanyar iyakance abubuwan haɗari. Don wannan, ya zama dole don ɗaukar abinci mai kyau da daidaitacce, don yin aikin motsa jiki na yau da kullun da iyakance abubuwan damuwa da damuwa.

Kariyar abinci mai gina jiki don mayar da furen hanji

Ana ba da shawarar amfani da kayan abinci sau da yawa don dawo da furen hanji ta dabi'a. Ana iya kiyaye ma'auni na microbiota na hanji godiya ga:

• probiotics, waxanda suke raye-rayen microorganisms masu amfani ga ma'auni na flora na hanji;
• prebiotics, waxanda suke da abubuwan da ke inganta ci gaba da aiki na kwayoyin cuta a cikin flora na hanji;
• symbiotics, wanda shine cakuda prebiotics da probiotics.

Faecal microbial dashi

A cikin lokuta mafi tsanani, ana iya yin la'akari da dasawa na wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na flora na hanji.

Gwaje-gwaje na farko: kimanta wasu alamomi

Binciken flora na hanji sau da yawa yana motsawa ta shakku yayin a bincike na jiki. A yayin da ake tuhuma yayin wannan jarrabawar, ƙwararrun ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya na iya buƙatar ƙarin bincike. The auna wasu alamomin halitta za a iya aiwatar da su musamman. Ana iya neman kasancewar wasu takamaiman alamomin kumburi alal misali don tabbatar da ci gaban cututtukan hanji na yau da kullun (IBD).

Coproculture: nazarin flora a cikin stool

Coproculture est a nazarin bacteriological na stool. Kodayake wannan bincike bai ba da ainihin abun da ke cikin flora na hanji ba, al'adun stool yana ba da mahimman bayanai don jagora ko tabbatar da ganewar asali.

Ana iya haɗa wannan bincike na ƙwayoyin cuta tare da a Nazarin parasitological na stool (EPS) don bincika ko akwai parasites.

Menene Endosco? Pie narkewa: bincike mai cin zarafi na furen hanji

Endoscopy na narkewa, wanda kuma ake kira fibroscopy narkewa, na iya:

• duba cikin tsarin narkewar abinci don gane kasancewar raunuka;
• yi biopsy don nazarin kyallen takarda da abun da ke ciki na flora na hanji.

Ci gaba zuwa dabarar bincike mara ƙarfi?

Idan endoscopy dabarar bincike ce mai ɓarna, ba da daɗewa ba za a iya yin nazari na flora na hanji kamar gwajin jini. Ana iya yin hakan ta hanyar amfani da microarrays na DNA.

Wadatar tsiro na hanji

A cewar masu binciken, akwai kwayoyin cuta tsakanin tiriliyan da dubu dari da dubu dari a cikin tsiron hanji. Don haka suna da yawa sau biyu zuwa goma fiye da duk ƙwayoyin da ke cikin jikin ɗan adam.

A hadaddun kuma na musamman gut microbiota

Gut microbiota tsari ne mai rikitarwa kuma na musamman. Tare da kusan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban guda 200, ainihin abun da ke ciki ya dogara da kowane mutum. Furen hanji an halicce shi tun daga haihuwa kuma yana tasowa tsawon shekaru ya danganta da abubuwa daban-daban da suka hada da kwayoyin halitta, abinci da muhalli.

Alkawari masu albarka

Ayyukan da aka yi a kan flora na hanji yana buɗe abubuwan da za a iya warkar da su. Cikakken bincike na flora na hanji zai iya haifar da haɓaka sabbin jiyya, waɗanda za a iya keɓance su bisa ga bayanin flora na hanji na kowane mutum.