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Цikl ga Python i zagayowar yayin da - maganganu software harshe, wato: masu aiki da maimaitawa, bariyin maimaita code lambar da aka bayar lokaci.
Цdon - сintaxis
Kamar yadda aka riga aka bayyana, csun hada da a Python shine mai maimaitawa bisaй kowane zagayeainihi. shi ne abubuwa by tuple abubuwa и jerin, ƙamus makulli da wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa.
Madauki a cikin Python yana farawa da kalmar maɓalli, sannan kuma sunan mai canji na sabani wanda ke adana ƙimar abu na gaba a cikin jerin da aka bayar. Gabaɗaya syntax don…in a cikin Python yayi kama da wannan:
don in: sauran:
Aka gyara "jeri" an jera su daya bayan daya m sake zagayowar. Ko kuma, m maki zuwa irin abubuwa. Ga kowa da kowa daga gare su "aikin" ana yi.
Mai sauƙi don madauki a cikin Python tare da takamaiman misali:
>>> harsuna = ["C", "C++", "Perl", "Python"] >>> don x a cikin harsuna: ... buga (x) ... C C++ Perl Python >>>
Sauran toshe na musamman neth. Idan a shirye-shiryen kwamfutaыaiki с Perl sabaы tare da shi, cewa ga masu mu'amala с C da C++ - wannan bidi'a ce. A zahiri shi ayyuka тkama yayin madauki.
An kashe shi kawai lokacin da madauki ba a "tsaya" ta bayanin karya ba. Wato ana aiwatar da shi ne kawai bayan duk abubuwan sun wuce ta hanyar da aka kayyade.
Karya mai aiki a Python – karya
Idan shirin yana da madauki Dole ne katsewada karya sanarwa, he completeya tafida kuma shirin gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu so contya zama ba tare da kunnawa daga wani.
Sau da yawa karya kalmomi a Pythonuyutsya tare da sharuddan kalamai.
edibles = ["yankakken", "dumplings", "kwai","kwaya"] don abinci a cikin kayan abinci: idan abinci == "dumplings": buga ("Ba na cin dumplings!") karya buga ("Babban, dadi "+ abinci) kuma: buga ("Yana da kyau cewa babu dumplings!") buga ("Dinner ya ƙare.")Idan kun gudanar da wannan lambar, kuna samun sakamako mai zuwa:
Babban, dadi sara. Ba na cin dumplings! Abincin dare ya ƙare.
Muna cire "dumplings" daga jerin bayanan da ke akwai kuma mu sami:
Madalla, daɗaɗɗen sara Madalla, qwai masu daɗi Madalla, ƙwaya masu daɗi Kyakkyawan abu babu dumplings! Abincin dare ya ƙare.
python skip afaretan – ci gaba
Bari mu ce ƙiyayyar mai amfani ga irin waɗannan samfuran ba ta da girma har ta kai ga barin cin su gaba ɗaya. Sakamakon haka, madauki yana ci gaba tare da mai aiki continue. Rubutun mai zuwa yana amfani da bayanin continue, don ci gaba da maimaitawa ta cikin jerin akan "labaran lamba".
edibles = ["yankakken", "dumplings", "kwai","kwaya"] don abinci a cikin kayan abinci: idan abinci = "dumplings": buga ("Ba na cin dumplings!") ci gaba da bugawa ("Babban, dadi "+ abinci) # wannan na iya zama lambar don jin daɗin abinci :-) wani: buga ("Na ƙi dumplings!") buga ("Dinner ya ƙare.")Ƙarin ƙasa:
Babban, dadi sara. Ba na cin dumplings! Manyan ƙwai masu daɗi Babban, ƙwaya masu daɗi Na ƙi dumplings! Abincin dare ya ƙare.
Ana maimaita lissafin tare da aikin kewayon().
Idan kana son samun dama ga fihirisar lissafin, ba a bayyana yadda ake amfani da madauki don wannan dalili ba. Yana yiwuwa a sami dama ga dukkan abubuwa, amma fihirisar kashi ba za ta kasance ba. Duk da haka, akwai hanya don samun dama ga ma'aunin sinadari da kuma abin da kansa. Don wannan dalili, ana amfani da aikin range() hade tare da tsawon aikin len():
fibonacci = [0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21] don i a cikin kewayo (len(fibonacci)): buga (i,fibonacci[i])
Samo:
0 0 1 1 2 1 3 2 4 3 5 5 6 8 7 13 8 21
Hankali! Lokacin amfani
len()кlistortuple, ana samun daidai adadin abubuwan abubuwan da aka bayar.
Wahalolin maimaitawa akan lissafin
Lokacin da ake maimaita lissafin, ana ba da shawarar don kauce wa jigon lissafin a cikin madauki. Don tsabta, za mu iya bayar da zaɓi mai zuwa:
launuka = ["ja"] na i cikin launuka: idan na = "ja": launuka += ["baki"] idan na == "baƙar fata": launuka += ["farar"] buga (launuka)
Abin da ke faruwa lokacin nema print(colours)?
['ja', 'baki', 'farar']
Don guje wa wannan, ana ba da shawarar yin hulɗa tare da kwafin ta amfani da yanka, kamar a cikin misalin da ke ƙasa:
launuka = ["ja"] na i cikin launuka[:]: idan na == "ja": launuka += ["baki"] idan na == "baƙar fata": launuka += ["farar"] buga (launuka )
Sakamako:
['Red Black']
An canza lissafin colours, amma wannan aikin bai shafi madauki ba. Bayanan da ake buƙatar maimaitawa sun kasance ba su canza ba yayin aiwatar da madauki.
Yi ƙididdigewa a cikin Python 3
Enumerate ginannen aikin Python ne. Yawancin masu farawa, da kuma wasu ƙwararrun masu tsara shirye-shirye, ba su san da wanzuwarsa ba. Yana ba ku damar ƙirga juzu'in madauki ta atomatik. Misali:
don ƙidayar ƙima, ƙima a ƙididdigewa (wasu_jeri): bugu (counter, ƙima)
aiki enumerate Hakanan yana ɗaukar hujja na zaɓi (ƙimar asalin, wanda aka ɗauka ta tsohuwa don 0). Abin da ya sa ya fi dacewa.
my_list = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'peach'] don c, ƙima a ƙididdigewa (jeri na, 1): buga (c, ƙimar) # Sakamako: # 1 apple # 2 banana # 3 ceri # 4 fulawa