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Inda da yadda za a kama omul, abin da baits da tackle suka dace da kamun kifi
Omul yana nufin rabin-ta hanyar farin kifin. Omul yana kewaye da wani yanki na asiri, yawancin mutane sun gaskata cewa wannan kifi yana zaune ne kawai a tafkin Baikal. A gaskiya ma, nau'o'in nau'i biyu na wannan kifi da nau'o'in mazaunin da yawa suna zaune a Rasha. Bugu da kari, ana kuma samun omul a Arewacin Amurka. Mafi girman nau'ikan nau'ikan shine Arctic omul, nauyinsa zai iya kaiwa 5 kg. Baikal omul ya fi karami, amma akwai lokuta na kama mutane masu nauyin kilo 7. Arctic omul ya mamaye mafi yawan mazaunin duk fararen kifin. Ana daukar Omul nau'in jinkirin girma, yana da shekaru 7 yana da girman gram 300-400.
Hanyoyin kama omul
Ana kama Omul akan kayan aiki daban-daban, amma suna da abu ɗaya gama gari - bait. Omul yana ciyarwa, kamar yawancin fararen kifin, akan invertebrates da ƙananan kifi. Yawancin masunta suna amfani da layukan wucin gadi waɗanda girmansu ɗaya da babban abinci. "Dogon simintin gyare-gyare" yana ƙara yawan nisa na kamun kifi, wanda ke da mahimmanci a kan manyan ruwa, saboda haka sun shahara da masu kifin kifi. Kama omul a kan kadi, irin su spinners, yana yiwuwa, amma irin wannan kamun ba zai yi tasiri ba. Musamman ban sha'awa da kamun kifi na omul yana faruwa a cikin hunturu. Yawancin kayan aiki da hanyoyin kamun kifi suna da asali.
Kama omul akan kayan hunturu
A cikin hunturu, ana gudanar da kamun kifi mafi mashahuri a tafkin Baikal. Ana loda babban kaso na koto a cikin ramin, wanda ke jan hankalin garken omul. Amphipods, wanda masunta na gida ke kira "bormash", suna aiki a matsayin abinci mai mahimmanci. Omul, a cikin tafkin, yawanci yana rayuwa ne a zurfin zurfi, amma rabon koto yana sa ya tashi kusa da ramuka. Mai kamun kifi yana lura da matakin da omul ya tsaya ta cikin rami don haka yana sarrafa zurfin abin da aka yi. Saboda haka, ana kiran wannan hanyar kamun kifi "peep". Sandunan kamun kifi, a haƙiƙa, reels ne masu ɗimbin yawa tare da layukan kamun kifi masu yawa, waɗanda a kansu ake ɗaure miyagu da yawa a kan leash. A ƙarshen layin, an haɗa wani sinker mai siffar spindle, tare da madaukai biyu, a ƙarshen na biyu kuma an haɗa leash tare da gani na gaba. Dole ne a kunna wasan. Kamun kifi yana buƙatar wata fasaha, saboda ana saƙa ƙugiya a kan ƙugiya ba tare da gemu ba. Abun kamawa na iya haɗawa da grayling.
Kama omul akan kadi da kayan iyo
Kamun kifi don omul a lokacin rani ana ɗaukarsa ya fi wahala, amma masu kamun kifi na gida ba su ƙara samun nasara ba. Don kamun kifi daga bakin teku, ana amfani da kayan aiki daban-daban "don yin simintin nesa", sandunan ruwa, "jirgin ruwa". Mafi nasara ana iya kiransa kamun kifi daga jiragen ruwa. Wani lokaci ana kama Omul akan ƙananan maɗaukaki, amma dabaru iri-iri kuma su ne mafi kyawun koto. Yana da kyau koyaushe samun wadatar dabaru da kwari, musamman a yanayin cizon launin toka. Wannan kifi yana ciji sosai kuma yana iya yaga koto.
Batsa
Ainihin, omuls suna ciyar da nau'ikan invertebrates daban-daban a cikin ginshiƙi na ruwa, abin da ake kira. zooplankton. Hanyoyin kamun kifi da koto sun dogara da wannan. A kan Baikal, an yi la'akari da nau'ikan inuwa iri-iri na ja sun fi shahara. A cewar wasu masu cin abinci, karas da orange blends sun fi dacewa da omul arctic. Don kamun kifi, ana zabar masu matsakaicin girma, yayin da dole ne a la'akari da cewa simintin gyare-gyare dole ne a yi nisa kuma koto dole ne ya yi zurfi.
Wuraren kamun kifi da wurin zama
Arctic omul don ciyarwa ba kawai yana amfani da wuraren da ke kusa da bakin kogunan ba, har ma yana shiga cikin teku mai nisa. A lokaci guda, yana iya rayuwa a cikin ruwa tare da babban salinity. Yana kuma ciyar da crustaceans da matasa kifi. Yankin rarraba yana cikin tazara tsakanin kogin Mezen tare da dukkan gabar tekun Arctic zuwa kogunan Arewacin Amurka a cikin Kornation Bay. Baikal omul yana zaune ne kawai a cikin Baikal, kuma yana tsiro a cikin magudanan ruwa. A lokaci guda, garken Baikal omul daban-daban na iya bambanta a wuraren zama, a cikin tafkin, da lokacin haifuwa.
Ciyarwa
Omul yana girma ta jima'i yana da shekaru 5-8. Nassosin Arctic koyaushe suna tasowa daga baya fiye da na Baikal. Arctic omuls sun tashi zuwa kogunan don haifuwa sosai, har zuwa kilomita dubu 1,5. Ba ya ciyarwa a lokacin tafiyar haifuwa. Spawning a tsakiyar kaka. An wakilta garken garke ga mutane masu shekaru 6-13, ba a yin haifuwa kowace shekara. Matar ta haihu sau 2-3 a rayuwarta. Baikal omul larvae suna birgima a tafkin a cikin bazara, inda suke girma.