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Duk bayanai masu amfani game da kifi
Rybets kifi ne na rabin-anadromous na dangin carp, amma akwai nau'ikan ruwan ruwa. Bayyanar kifin yana da sananne sosai saboda nau'in hanci na musamman: dogon hanci wanda ke rufe bakin ƙasa gaba ɗaya. Kifin na iya rikicewa da kwasfa, amma yana da faɗin jiki da zagaye baki. Podust yana da murabba'in baki lokacin buɗewa. Kifin yana da wasu sunaye da yawa. A cikin yankuna daban-daban suna kiran shi syrt, syrtinka, shreberka, wani lokacin, mullet. Rybets sunan halayen yankunan kudancin. Kifin ya yadu a yankin Turai na Rasha, amma a maimakon haka. Ichthyologists sun yi imanin cewa wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kifi ya fi son koguna masu gudu. Girman syrty zai iya kaiwa tsayin 50 cm da nauyi har zuwa 3 kg, amma yawancin kifin ya fi karami - 250-300 gr. A lokacin da ake ta hayayyafa a bakin kogin, yakan samar da manyan garkuna, wadanda kuma, za a iya raba su, gwargwadon girman mutane da shekarun kifin. Mutanen kudanci da arewa maso yamma sun ɗan bambanta a bayyanar. Wasu masana kimiyya suna jayayya cewa vimba na iya samar da nau'i na matasan tare da wasu cyprinids masu dangantaka. Akwai wasu sassau'i uku: kifi gama gari (raw), Caspian da ƙarami.
Hanyoyin kama sirty
Rybets ya fi son tsarin rayuwa mai kyau. Babban abinci a gare shi shine benthos - kwayoyin da ke zaune a cikin ƙasa na tafki. Dangane da wannan akwai hanyoyin kama wannan kifi. Da farko, waɗannan su ne ƙasa da kayan iyo. Lokacin kamun kifi daga jirgin ruwa, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da sandunan gefe da kayan aikin "zobe". Kamun kifi tare da maganin hunturu shima sananne ne, amma ya bambanta ta yanki. Syrt, kamar sauran cyprinids, ana iya yin kamun kifi ta hanyar amfani da kwaikwayon invertebrate (nymphing). Daga mafi yawan ƙananan koguna, a cikin kaka, damshin yana jujjuyawa don lokacin hunturu da ciyarwa a cikin teku ko cikin tafkuna da tafkuna. Kama sirt akan sandar iyo Syrt kifi ne mai taka tsantsan, yana mai da hankali sosai ga kayan aiki mara kyau ko daidaitacce. Don kamun kifi tare da sandunan iyo, yana da daraja la'akari da mafi ƙarancin nuances. Siffofin yin amfani da kayan iyo don kama syrt sun dogara ne da yanayin kamun kifi da gogewar majinyacin. Don kamun kifi na bakin teku don ƙananan kifaye, ana amfani da sanduna don kayan aikin "kurma" tsawon mita 5-6. Don simintin nesa, ana amfani da sandunan ashana. Zaɓin kayan aiki yana da bambanci sosai kuma yana iyakance ta yanayin kamun kifi, kuma ba ta nau'in kifi ba. Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, kifi yana da kyan gani, don haka ana buƙatar kayan aiki masu laushi. Kamar yadda yake a cikin kowane kamun kifi, abu mafi mahimmanci shine madaidaicin koto da koto.
Kamun kifi don syrty akan kayan ƙasa
Syrt ya amsa da kyau ga kayan aikin ƙasa. Kamun kifi tare da sandunan ƙasa, gami da mai ciyarwa da mai ɗaukar hoto, ya dace sosai ga yawancin, har ma da ƙwararrun ƙwararru. Suna ƙyale masunta su kasance masu motsi a kan tafki, kuma saboda yiwuwar ciyar da abinci, da sauri "tattara" kifi a wurin da aka ba su. Feeder da picker, azaman nau'ikan kayan aiki daban-daban, a halin yanzu sun bambanta kawai a tsawon sandar. Tushen shine kasancewar kwantena-sinker (mai ciyarwa) da tukwici masu canzawa akan sanda. Filayen suna canzawa dangane da yanayin kamun kifi da nauyin mai ciyarwa da aka yi amfani da shi. Nozzle don kamun kifi na iya zama kowane bututun ƙarfe, duka kayan lambu ko asalin dabba, da taliya, tafasa. Wannan hanyar kamun kifi yana samuwa ga kowa da kowa. Magance baya buƙatar ƙarin kayan haɗi da kayan aiki na musamman. Wannan yana ba ka damar kamun kifi a kusan kowane jikin ruwa. Yana da daraja biyan hankali ga zabi na feeders a cikin siffar da girman, kazalika da koto gauraye. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yanayin tafki (kogi, tafkin, da dai sauransu) da abubuwan da ake so na abinci na kifin gida.
Kama syrt tare da kayan hunturu
Rybets yana tsayawa zuwa hunturu ba a duk koguna ba. Yawancin yawan wannan kifin suna zamewa cikin manyan ruwaye. Duk da haka, a cikin yanayin kamun kifi na hunturu, misali akan Don, kama kifi a cikin hunturu na iya zama mai ban sha'awa sosai. Ana kama kifi akan kayan aikin gargajiya: nodding - jig, iyo da kasa.
Batsa
Don kama kifi - masuntan syrty sun fi son yin amfani da koto na dabba: crayfish da naman kifi, maggot, bloodworm, tsutsa da sauransu. Ciki har da haduwarsu. A wasu lokuta, syrt ɗin yana amsawa ga ƙananan ƙwanƙwasa, wanda ke haifar da mamaki da farin ciki a tsakanin masu sha'awar kayan aiki masu haske.
Wuraren kamun kifi da wurin zama
Babban mazaunin syrty - kifi shine tsakiyar Turai. A kudancin Rasha na Turai, ana samun kifin a cikin basins na Black Seas da Caspian Seas, amma ba a cikin dukan koguna ba. Kifin yana shiga cikin Volga a cikin ƙananan lambobi kuma ya kasance a cikin ƙananan ƙananan. A Arewa maso Yamma na Rasha, kifi yana shiga koguna da tafkunan Baltic. A cikin manyan tafkuna da tafkunan ruwa, tana iya samar da yawan ruwa. Syrt ya fi son koguna masu gudana cikin sauri, yana iya rayuwa a kusa da ratsi. A cikin manyan koguna da kuma a cikin tafki na "stagnant", yana kiyaye wurare masu zurfi. A cikin yanayin sanyi, yana jujjuyawa zuwa yankin estuarine da ruwan teku mai kauri.
Ciyarwa
Kifin ya zama balagagge a jima'i yana da shekaru 3-5. A cikin lokacin da aka rigaya, kamar yawancin cyprinids, tubercles na epithelial suna bayyana a cikin kifi. Daga cikin teku, kifi ya tashi zuwa koguna, kuma ya tsaya a kan raƙuman ruwa tare da dutsen dutse. Spawning yana faruwa a farkon lokacin rani. Tafki, nau'ikan ruwa mai daɗi suma suna motsawa zuwa hayayyafa a cikin tributary. Saboda canje-canje a yanayin yanayin ruwa da kuma, yiwuwar, yanayi, kifaye suna canza halin su, suna zama don hunturu, ba kawai a cikin tafkuna ba, har ma a cikin tafki, inda suke samar da yawan jama'a.