Gashin ido (daga Latin cilium) su ne gashin da ke kan gefunan fatar ido.

Gashin ido gashin gashi ne wanda ke cikin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, kamar gashi da farce.

Matsayi. Gashin gashin ido yana farawa ne a kan kusurwoyin ƙafar idon 4 (1). Tare da matsakaicin tsawon 8 zuwa 12 mm, gashin idanu na manyan fatar ido yana lamba 150 zuwa 200 a kowane fatar ido. Gashin gashin idanu na ƙananan idanun ido kaɗan ne kuma ya fi guntu. Daga gashin ido na 50 zuwa 150 an shirya akan kowane fatar ido tare da tsawon 6 zuwa 8 mm a matsakaita.

Structure. Gashin ido yana da tsari iri ɗaya da na ƙura. Sun ƙunshi sassa biyu (2):

• Jigon shine sashin da ya daɗe wanda ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin keratinized, waɗanda ake sabunta su akai -akai. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin sun ƙunshi aladu waɗanda ke ba da takamaiman launi ga gashin idanu. Tsoffin sel suna kan ƙarshen gashi kyauta.
• Tushen shine ƙarshen gashin da aka dasa cikin zurfin fata. Tushen da aka fadada yana samar da kwan fitila gashi wanda ya ƙunshi tasoshin abinci masu gina jiki, musamman ba da damar sabuntawar sel da haɓaka gashi.

Ciki. Gashin gashi, ramin da gashin idanu ke zaune a ciki, yana da ƙarshen jijiya (1).

Ciwon gabobi. Ƙunƙasa daban -daban suna haɗe da gashin idanu, gami da gumin gumi da ƙyallen sebaceous. Na karshen yana ɓoye wani abu mai mai wanda ke sa ido a ido da ido (1).

Matsayin kariya / lumshe idanu. Gashin ido yana da gashin gashin gashi tare da ƙarshen jijiya da yawa, don faɗakarwa da kare idanu idan akwai haɗari. Wannan sabon abu zai haifar da ƙiftawar ido (1).

Abun rashin gashin ido. Wasu cututtukan cututtuka na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin girma, launi, shugabanci ko matsayin gashin idanu (3).

• Abubuwa masu girma. Wasu cututtukan cututtuka na iya shafar ci gaban gashin ido kamar hypotrichosis, daidai da tsayawa a cikin ci gaban gashin ido; hypertrichosis, wanda ke haifar da haɓaka gashin idanu a cikin kauri kuma yayi tsayi da yawa; ko madarosis tare da rashi ko asarar gashin idanu.
• Abun rashin daidaituwa. Matsalolin fatar ido na ido za a iya danganta su da wasu cututtukan cuta kamar leukotrichia, wanda aka bayyana ta rashin ƙarancin launin fata; poliosis ko canities, wanda ke nuna bi da bi fari -fari na gashin idanu da jimlar gashin kan jiki.
• Jagoranci da rashin daidaiton matsayi. Wasu cututtukan cututtuka na iya canza alkibla ko matsayin gashin idanu kamar distichiasis, haɓaka jere biyu na gashin idanu; ko trichiasis inda gashin idanu ke shafawa ba daidai ba akan ido.

Alopecia. Alopecia yana nufin raunin gashi ko na jiki gaba ɗaya. 4 Asalinsa na iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da abubuwan gado, shekaru, rashin lafiya ko cuta, ko ma maimaita maimaitawar. Wannan yana haifar da nau'o'in alopecia iri biyu: rashin tabo inda ake iya samun ci gaban gashi tunda babu lalacewar gashin gashin; da kuma tabo inda ba za a iya sake samun ci gaba ba saboda gashin gashi ya lalace gaba daya.

Pelade. Alopecia areata cuta ce da ke nuna asarar gashi ko facin gashi. Zai iya shafar wasu sassan jiki ko gaba ɗaya. Har yanzu ba a fahimci dalilin sa ba, amma wasu binciken suna ba da shawarar asalin autoimmune. (5)

Magungunan magunguna. Dangane da asalin asarar gashi, ana iya ba da wasu jiyya kamar su magungunan ƙin kumburi (corticosteroids), jiyya na hormonal ko lotions vasodilator.

Magungunan tiyata. Dangane da cututtukan da aka gano, ana iya aiwatar da aikin tiyata.

Binciken fata. Don gano asalin cututtukan cututtukan da ke shafar gashin idanu, ana gudanar da binciken fata.

Alamar ado. Gashin ido yana da alaƙa da mace da kyawun kallo.