Contents
Me yasa jarumta mai girman kai, mai son kai, ba ta da dabara da kuma ladabi na The Big Bang Theory ya shahara da kowa? Wataƙila mutane suna sha'awar hazakarsa, wanda a wani ɓangare ya rama kurakurai da yawa, in ji Farfesa Bill Sullivan. Idan akwai wata baiwa mai haske daidai da ke ɓoye a cikin kowannenmu fa?
Wannan bazarar ta ƙare ƙarshe, lokacin sha biyu na sanannen ka'idar Big Bang Theory. Kuma, wanda shine al'ada ga jerin masana kimiyya, an riga an sake sakin layi, tare da irin wannan abin ban dariya game da yarinya na ɗaya daga cikin manyan jarumai - Sheldon Cooper.
Sheldon ya lashe zukatan masu sauraro, kasancewar ya sha bamban da madaidaitan jaruman fina-finan. Ba shi da tausayi. Ba ya yin nasara. Ba shi da haƙuri kuma baya shirye ya fahimci wasu. Wannan ɗan kishin gaskiya ne mai tsananin tausayi wanda tausayinsa ya fi wahalar ganewa fiye da Higgs boson. Zuciyar Sheldon da alama har yanzu kamar lif a cikin ginin da yake zaune. Yana fusata kuma yana ba da haushi. Yana da matukar haske da hazaka.
Laya mai kaskantar da kai
Me yasa masu kallo da yawa a duniya suke samun Sheldon kyakkyawa? "Saboda muna hauka game da masu hazaka," in ji masanin halitta kuma ɗan talla Bill Sullivan. "Kwarewar hazaka shine abin da Dr. Cooper ya samu lambar yabo ta Nobel."
Sheldon iyawa na nazari na ban mamaki da basira suna da girma daidai saboda rashin haɓaka hankali na tunani. A cikin lokutan yanayi, masu kallo ba su rasa bege cewa jarumi zai sami daidaito tsakanin tunani da ikon ji. A cikin mafi yawan al'amuran wasan kwaikwayon, muna kallo da numfashi yayin da Cooper ke ƙetare tunani mai sanyi kuma ba zato ba tsammani ya haskaka ta hanyar fahimtar motsin zuciyar sauran mutane.
A cikin rayuwa ta gaske, irin wannan cinikin tsakanin fahimi da basirar tunani suna da yawa a cikin savants. Wannan shi ne yadda ake kiran mutanen da ke da haihuwa ko samu (alal misali, a sakamakon rauni) cututtuka na tunani da kuma abin da ake kira "tsibirin hazaka". Yana iya bayyana kansa a cikin abubuwan ban mamaki don ilimin lissafi ko kiɗa, zane-zane, zane-zane.
Bill Sullivan ya ba da shawarar bincika wannan yanki tare, don fahimtar yanayin hazaka da sanin ko kowannenmu yana da ikon tunani na ban mamaki.
Boye hazaka a cikin zurfin kwakwalwa
A cikin 1988, Dustin Hoffman ya taka rawa a cikin Rain Man, yana taka rawar gani. Samfurin halayensa, Kim Peak, wanda ake yi wa lakabi da «KIMputer», an haife shi ba tare da corpus callosum ba - plexus na zaruruwan jijiyoyi waɗanda ke haɗa hemispheres dama da hagu. Kololuwa ya kasa ƙware yawancin fasahar mota yadda ya kamata, bai iya yin ado da kansa ko goge haƙoransa ba, kuma yana da ƙarancin IQ. Amma, tare da ilimin encyclopedic na gaske, nan take zai doke mu duka a cikin “Me? Ina? Yaushe?".
Peak yana da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar hoto mai ban mamaki: ya haddace kusan dukkanin littattafai, kuma ya karanta aƙalla dubu 12 daga cikinsu a rayuwarsa, kuma yana iya maimaita kalmomin waƙar da ya ji sau ɗaya kawai. A cikin shugaban wannan man-navigator an adana taswirar duk manyan biranen Amurka.
Halayen ban mamaki na savants na iya bambanta. Makaho tun daga haihuwa, Ellen Boudreau, macen da ke da Autism, za ta iya kunna waƙa ba tare da aibu ba bayan saurare ɗaya kawai. Autistic savant Stephen Wiltshire yana zana kowane wuri daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya daidai bayan ya kalle shi na ƴan daƙiƙa, yana ba shi laƙabi "Kyamara ta Live".
Dole ne ku biya don manyan masu iko
Muna iya yin hassada ga waɗannan manyan masu ƙarfi, amma yawanci suna zuwa da farashi mai tsada. Wani yanki na kwakwalwa ba zai iya tasowa ba tare da zana muhimman albarkatu daga wasu ba. Yawancin savants suna fuskantar matsaloli masu mahimmanci tare da haɗin gwiwar zamantakewa, sun bambanta a cikin fasalulluka kusa da autistic. Wasu suna da raunin kwakwalwa sosai ta yadda ba za su iya tafiya ko kula da kansu ba.
Wani misali kuma shine savant Daniel Tammlet, babban autistic mai aiki wanda yake aiki kuma yayi kama da na al'ada har sai ya fara cewa pi har zuwa wurare 22 daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ko yana magana ɗaya daga cikin yarukan 514 da ya sani. Sauran ''masu ƙididdiga masu rai'', irin su masanin lissafin Jamus ''wizard'' Rutgett Gamm, ba sa bayyana a matsayin saɓani masu matsalar kwakwalwa kwata-kwata. Kyautar Gamma ta fi dacewa ta hanyar maye gurbi.
Wani abin mamaki kuma shi ne mutanen da ba su yi fice a tsawon rayuwarsu ba har sai da suka fito a matsayin miyagu bayan rauni a kai. Masana kimiyya sun san kusan 30 irin waɗannan lokuta lokacin da mafi yawan jama'a ba zato ba tsammani ya sami gwaninta da ba a saba ba bayan yajin rauni, bugun jini ko walƙiya. Sabuwar kyautar su na iya zama ƙwaƙwalwar hoto, kiɗa, lissafi ko ma iyawar fasaha.
Shin zai yiwu ya zama gwani?
Duk waɗannan labarun suna sa ka yi mamakin abin da basirar da ke cikin kwakwalwar kowannenmu. Me zai faru idan aka sake shi? Za mu yi rap kamar Kanye West, ko za mu sami filastik na Michael Jackson? Za mu zama sabon Lobachevskys a lissafi, ko za mu zama shahararran fasaha, kamar Salvador Dali?
Har ila yau mai ban sha'awa shine dangantakar ban mamaki tsakanin bayyanar fasaha na fasaha da ci gaban wasu nau'i na lalata - musamman, cutar Alzheimer. Samun mummunan tasiri akan aikin fahimi na babban tsari, cututtukan neurodegenerative wani lokaci yana haifar da ƙwarewa mai ban mamaki a cikin zane da zane.
Wani kamanceceniya tsakanin bullowar sabuwar baiwar fasaha a cikin mutanen da ke fama da cutar Alzheimers da ’yan damfara shi ne, bayyanar da basirarsu tana hade da rauni ko kuma hasarar fasahar zamantakewa da magana. Abubuwan lura da irin waɗannan lokuta ya sa masana kimiyya suka yanke shawarar cewa lalata sassan kwakwalwar da ke da alaƙa da tunani da magana suna sakin iyawar ƙirƙira a ɓoye.
Har yanzu mun yi nisa da fahimtar ko da gaske akwai ɗan Ruwan Sama a cikin kowannenmu da yadda za mu 'yantar da shi.
Masanin kimiyyar Neuroscientist Allan Schneider na Jami'ar Sydney yana aiki a kan wata hanya mara cin zarafi don yin "shiru" na ɗan lokaci wasu sassan kwakwalwa ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki da aka ba da izini ta hanyar lantarki da aka sanya a kai. Bayan da ya raunana masu halartar gwajin, ayyukan yankunan da aka lalata a cikin cutar Alzheimer, mutane sun nuna sakamako mafi kyau wajen magance ayyuka don ƙirƙira da tunani mara kyau.
"Har yanzu muna da nisa da fahimtar ko da gaske akwai ɗan ruwan sama a cikin kowannenmu da yadda za mu 'yantar da shi daga bauta," in ji Sullivan. "Amma idan aka yi la'akari da tsadar farashin da zan biya don waɗannan iyakoki na ban mamaki, ba zan yi mafarkin zama mai hankali ba a yanzu."
Game da Mawallafin: Bill Sullivan farfesa ne a fannin ilmin halitta kuma marubucin mafi kyawun siye na Nice to Know Yourself! Genes, microbes, da kuma iko masu ban mamaki da suka sa mu mu waye."