The transaminases ne e ba a ciki cell, musamman a cikin hanta da tsokoki. Suna shiga cikin ɗimbin halayen halittu.

Akwai nau'ikan transaminases guda biyu:

• da ASAT (aspartate aminotransferases), galibi ana samun su a cikin hanta, tsokoki, zuciya, koda, kwakwalwa da pancreas
• da Alt (alanine aminotransferases), in mun gwada da takamaiman hanta

ASATs an riga an tsara su ta hanyar acronym TGO (ko SGOT don serum-glutamyl-oxaloacetate-transferase); ALATs a ƙarƙashin maƙasudin TGP (ko SGPT don serum-glutamyl-pyruvate-transaminase).

Ana amfani da ƙididdigar waɗannan enzymes don gano matsala tare da hanta: karuwa a cikin jini yana faruwa ne saboda sakin da ba a saba da shi ba ta lalacewa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin hanta, misali saboda hepatitis, A barasa ko guba, Da dai sauransu

Don haka likita na iya rubuta adadin adadin idan aka sami bayyanar cututtuka na gaba ɗaya kamar gajiya, gajiya, tashin zuciya, jaundice (jaundice), da sauransu.

• kasadar hepatitis B ko C,
• amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin intravenous,
• kiba,
• ciwon sukari,
• cututtuka na autoimmune,
• ko halin iyalai da cutar hanta.

Ana yin adadin akan samfurin jini mai sauƙi, yawanci ana ɗauka a lanƙwasa gwiwar hannu. Ba a buƙatar sharuɗɗa na musamman don wannan samfurin (amma sauran gwaje-gwajen da aka nema a cikin rahoton ɗaya na iya buƙatar ku yin azumi, misali).

Za a aiwatar da ƙayyadaddun ƙwayoyin transaminases guda biyu a lokaci guda, kuma za a ƙididdige ƙimar ASAT / ALAT, kamar yadda yake ba da alamun nau'in rauni ko cutar hanta.

A yayin da sakamako mara kyau, ƙila za a nemi gwaji na biyu don tabbatar da ƙimar.

Lokacin da ƙididdiga na ASAT da musamman ALT suna da yawa, wannan yawanci alama ce ta lalacewar hanta.

Duk da haka, wasu cututtuka, irin su hanta ta hanyar methotrexate ko hepatitis C na yau da kullum, bazai kasance tare da kowane karuwa a matakan transaminase ba.

Matsayin haɓakar transaminases yawanci yana ba wa likita alamu masu kyau game da ganewar asali:

• A tashi kadan (kasa da sau 2 zuwa 3 na al'ada) zuwa matsakaici (3 zuwa sau 10 na al'ada) da aka gani a cikin ciwon hanta da ke da alaka da barasa, ciwon hanta na kullum, ko steatosis (tarin mai a cikin hanta sel), misali. A gefe guda, ƙimar ASAT / ALAT> 2 ya fi nuna alamun cutar hanta ta barasa.
• A mafi girma (fiye da sau 10 zuwa 20 na al'ada) ya dace da cutar hanta mai saurin kamuwa da cuta (hasuwar na iya zama mahimmanci a cikin makonni 4 zuwa 6 bayan kamuwa da cuta), zuwa raunukan da kwayoyi ko maye suke haifarwa, da kuma ischemia na hanta (tasha tasha. jinin hanta).

Likita na iya yin odar wasu gwaje-gwaje ko gwaje-gwaje don tabbatar da ganewar asali (kamar biopsy hanta, alal misali). Maganin da aka fara ba shakka zai dogara ne akan cutar da ake tambaya.