Dermatomyositis cuta ce ta yau da kullun da ke shafar fata da tsokoki. Cutar ta autoimmune ce wacce har yanzu ba a san asalin ta ba, an rarrabe ta a cikin rukunin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na idiopathic, tare da alal misali polymyositis. Likitan ilimin halittu yana haɓaka shekaru da kyakkyawan hangen nesa, idan babu manyan matsaloli, amma yana iya kawo cikas ga ƙwarewar motar mai haƙuri. An kiyasta cewa 1 cikin 50 zuwa 000 a cikin mutane 1 suna rayuwa tare da dermatomyositis (yawanta) kuma adadin sabbin lokuta a kowace shekara shine 10 zuwa 000 a kowace miliyan (yawan abin da ya faru). (1)

Alamomin dermatomyositis iri ɗaya ne ko makamancin waɗanda ke da alaƙa da wasu cututtukan myopathies: cututtukan fata, ciwon tsoka da rauni. Amma abubuwa da yawa suna ba da damar rarrabe dermatomyositis daga wasu cututtukan myopathies masu kumburi:

• Ƙananan kumburin ja da ƙyalli a fuska, wuya da kafadu galibi alamun bayyanar asibiti ne. Mai yiwuwa lalacewar fatar ido, a cikin tabarau, hali ne.
• Ana shafar tsokoki daidai gwargwado, farawa daga gangar jikin (ciki, wuya, trapezius…) kafin a kai, a wasu lokuta, hannu da ƙafa.
• Babban yuwuwar haɗuwa da cutar kansa. Wannan ciwon daji yakan fara a cikin watanni ko shekaru bayan cutar, amma wani lokacin da alamun farko suka bayyana (shima yana faruwa kafin su). Yawancin lokaci cutar kansa ce ta nono ko ovaries ga mata da huhu, prostate da gwajin maza. Majiyoyi ba su yarda da haɗarin ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar sanƙara ta fata ba (10-15% ga wasu, kashi ɗaya bisa uku na wasu). An yi sa’a, wannan bai shafi nau'in cutar na yara ba.

MRI da biopsy na tsoka zai tabbatar ko musun ganewar.

Ka tuna cewa dermatomyositis cuta ce da ke cikin rukunin myopathies masu kumburi na idiopathic. Adjective "idiopathic" ma'ana ba a san asalin su ba. Har zuwa yau, saboda haka, ba a san sanadin ko ainihin tsarin cutar ba. Wataƙila zai haifar ne daga haɗarin kwayoyin halitta da abubuwan muhalli.

Koyaya, mun san cewa cuta ce mai kashe kansa, wato tana haifar da rushewar garkuwar garkuwar jiki, autoantibodies suna juyawa ga jiki, a wannan yanayin akan wasu sel na tsokoki da fata. Lura, duk da haka, cewa ba duk mutanen da ke da dermatomyositis ke samar da waɗannan ƙwayoyin autoantibodies ba. Magunguna kuma na iya zama masu jawo abubuwa, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta. (1)

Mata suna fama da dermatomyositis sau da yawa fiye da maza, kusan ninki biyu. Sau da yawa wannan yana faruwa tare da cututtukan autoimmune, ba tare da sanin dalili ba. Cutar na iya bayyana a kowane zamani, amma ana lura cewa ta fi dacewa tsakanin shekaru 50 zuwa 60. Dangane da ƙananan yara dermatomyositis, gabaɗaya yana tsakanin shekaru 5 zuwa 14 yana bayyana. Ya kamata a nanata cewa wannan cutar ba ta yaduwa kuma ba ta da gado.

Idan babu ikon yin aiki akan dalilan (wanda ba a sani ba) na cutar, jiyya don dermatomyositis da nufin rage / kawar da kumburi ta hanyar gudanar da corticosteroids (maganin corticosteroid), kazalika don yaƙi da samar da ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar ta immunomodulatory ko immunosuppressive kwayoyi.

Waɗannan jiyya suna ba da damar iyakance ciwon tsoka da lalacewa, amma rikitarwa na iya tasowa yayin cutar kansa da rikice -rikice daban -daban (na zuciya, na huhu, da sauransu). Juvenile dermatomyositis na iya haifar da matsalolin narkewar abinci a cikin yara.

Marasa lafiya yakamata su kare fatar su daga hasken UV na rana, wanda zai kara dagula raunin fata, ta hanyar rufe sutura da / ko kariya mai ƙarfi na rana. Da zaran an tabbatar da ganewar cutar, yakamata mai haƙuri ya kasance yana yin gwaje -gwaje na yau da kullun don cutar kansa da ke da alaƙa da cutar.