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Akwai fannoni da dama a fannin likitan hakora, ɗaya daga cikinsu shine ilimin halittar jiki. A cikin ilimin hakora na zamani, likitan hakora-implantologist yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun da ake nema, tun da prosthetics na hakora tare da cikakkiyar asarar su ba ta da tasiri sosai. Likitan hakori da aka dasa zai taimaka don dawo da amincin hakora da hakora, wanda zai daɗe na dogon lokaci kuma ba zai buƙaci kowane matakan warkewa ba.
Halayen ƙwarewa
Ilimin aikin haƙori yana da tarihi na ƙarni, amma ƙamus na zamani ya taso ne kawai shekaru 100 da suka wuce. Shigarwa da dasa shi yana nufin baƙon abu ga jikin ɗan adam, wanda aka gabatar ta hanyar amfani da dabarun likitanci don aiwatar da ayyukan wannan sashin (a cikin likitan haƙori - hakori) wanda aka yi niyya don maye gurbinsa. Kwarewar likitan hakora-implantologist ya taso ne kawai a tsakiyar karni na 20, lokacin da aka fara kawar da hakoran cirewa da tsayayyen hakoran hakoran hakora a cikin yanayin likita, tare da maye gurbin su da kayan zamani.
Domin gudanar da aikin dashen hakori, likitan hakori dole ne, baya ga babban ilimin likitanci na bayanin martabar hakori, ya sami horo na musamman a fannin “ tiyatar hakori”, da kuma yin kwasa-kwasai na musamman a fannin ilimin hakora. Lokacin hada aikin ƙwararren likitan hakora tare da ƙwararrun likitan hakora (wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin maganin zamani), dole ne likita kuma ya sami ƙwararrun likitan haƙori.
Don haka, tasirin tasirin likitan hakora-implantologist ya haɗa da ilimi da ƙwarewar aiki tare da cututtukan haƙori na gabaɗaya, yankin tiyata maxillofacial, aikin orthopedic. Likitan hakori-implantologist dole ne ya sami basira don zaɓar da gudanar da maganin sa barcin da ya dace, ya sami damar yin aikin tiyata a cikin yankin jaw, suture saman raunuka, yin aiki akan kyallen takarda da taushi.
Cututtuka da alamomi
Kwanan nan, an yi amfani da taimakon likitocin hakora don kawai a cikin matsanancin yanayi, tare da cikakken adentia, wato, idan babu cikakken duk hakora a cikin hakora, ko lokacin da prosthetics ba zai yiwu ba saboda dalilai daban-daban. Duk da haka, a yau dasawa shine hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita don maye gurbin hakori, yana ba ka damar samun cikakken hakori ko ma dukan hakora, wanda a nan gaba shekaru da yawa ba zai haifar da matsala ga mai shi ba.
Suna juya zuwa likitan hakori-implantologist don maido da hakora da suka ɓace a kowane bangare na kogin baka.
Tare da taimakon implants mai inganci, ya yiwu a ceci duka tauna da hakora na gaba, kuma idan akwai lahani a cikin hakora da sau ɗaya. Sabili da haka, dabarun dasa kayan zamani sau da yawa yakan zama kyakkyawan madadin abin cirewa, gyarawa da gada na kowane nau'in hakora.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, mai haƙuri yana samun alƙawari tare da likitan hakora-implantologist daga wasu kwararru - likitocin hakori ko likitocin hakori. A zamanin yau, dasa hakori ana amfani da shi, a mafi yawan lokuta, bisa ga buƙatar marasa lafiya idan babu contraindications na kiwon lafiya, kuma idan akwai alamun dasa hakora, wato, idan babu yiwuwar shigar da kayan aikin prosthetic. Dasa hakori wata fasaha ce ta likita wacce ke buƙatar cikakken nazarin marasa lafiya da shirye-shiryensu don wannan hanya.
Daga cikin manyan matsalolin dasa hakori, wanda karshen zai iya warwarewa sosai, zamu iya bambanta matsalolin da ke gaba, bayyanar cututtuka da cututtuka na dentition:
- rashin sashin hakori a ko'ina a cikin jaw;
- rashin hakora da yawa (ƙungiyoyi) a kowane ɓangare na jaw;
- rashin hakoran da ke kusa da wadanda ke da bukatar a yi su, wato idan tsarin gada ba shi da wani abin da zai hada shi saboda rashin samun hakora masu dacewa a unguwa;
- rashin ƙungiyar hakora a sassa daban-daban na muƙamuƙi ɗaya da kuma a kan jaws daban-daban (nau'ikan hakora masu rikitarwa);
- cikakken adentia, wato, buƙatar maye gurbin cikakken hakora;
- Siffofin physiological na jiki waɗanda ba sa ba da izinin sanya hakoran cirewa, alal misali, gag reflex lokacin sanya hakoran haƙora ko rashin lafiyar kayan da aka yi hakoran;
- physiological atrophy na kasusuwa nama na ƙananan muƙamuƙi, wanda ba ya ba ka damar gyarawa da kuma sanya prosthesis mai cirewa;
- rashin son majiyyaci ya sa hakoran cirewa.
Yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa ko da a gaban wadannan matsaloli, implantologist ba zai iya ko da yaushe nace a kan implants, tun da implantation yana da matukar tsanani contraindications don amfani.
Daga cikin irin wannan contraindications, ciwon sukari mellitus, daban-daban pathologies na thyroid gland shine yake, broncho-na huhu da kuma zuciya da jijiyoyin jini cututtuka a cikin m da decompensating matakai, oncological pathologies an bambanta. Har ila yau, akwai rashin daidaituwa ga nau'in dasawa na gida - waɗannan su ne caries da yawa, cututtuka na mucous membrane a cikin bakin majiyyaci da sauran alamun da mai haƙuri zai iya gyara a wani lokaci kuma ya sake komawa ga likitan hakora don sakawa.
liyafar da hanyoyin aikin likitan hakora-implantologist
Likitan hakori-implantologist a yayin aikin sa dole ne ya aiwatar da wasu hanyoyin da suka wajaba, a ƙarshe ya kai ga shigar da abubuwan da suka dace a cikin bakin mara lafiya.
Irin waɗannan hanyoyin yayin gwajin likita sun haɗa da:
- jarrabawar hakori na farko;
- shawarwari tare da sauran kwararrun da suka dace;
- nada na gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na majiyyaci;
- hanyoyin bincike don bincika kogon baka;
- aikin mutum akan zabar siffar da girman da aka saka;
- samar da wani takamaiman nau'in dasawa da shigar da shi a cikin rami na baka da nama na kashin mai haƙuri;
- hakori prosthetics.
Har zuwa lokacin da likita ya fara aiwatar da aikin kai tsaye, mai haƙuri zai ziyarci shi sau da yawa. A lokacin mataki na shirye-shiryen, likitan hakora mai kyau zai tattara duk bayanan da yake buƙata don ƙarin aiki game da majiyyaci da tarihin lafiyarsa, ya tsara gwaje-gwajen da suka dace don gano contraindications kuma ya iya yin hasashen sakamakon dasawa daidai yadda zai yiwu.
A lokacin da aka duba kogon baka na majiyyaci, likitan hakora na bukatar sakamakon binciken da aka yi, kamar cikakken adadin jini, gwajin jini na hanta, sukari, kamuwa da cutar HIV, x-ray ko na'urar daukar hoto na daya ko duka biyun mara lafiya.
A gaban cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, likitan hakori zai buƙaci sakamakon electrocardiogram na mai haƙuri, idan akwai rashin lafiyar miyagun ƙwayoyi, zai zama dole don ƙaddamar da gwaje-gwajen rashin lafiyar jiki don fahimtar abubuwan da ke tattare da magungunan anesthetic. Idan akwai matsala tare da sauran hakora ko gumi, majiyyaci yana yin tsabta na kogon baki don hana kamuwa da cuta daga shiga cikin rauni a bude yayin dasawa.
Likitan likitan hakori dole ne ya sanar da mai haƙuri game da hanyoyin da ake da su na dasa haƙoran haƙora, nau'ikan abubuwan da za a dasa su, tsawon lokacin warkar da rauni da ƙari. Bayan yarjejeniya ta ƙarshe tare da majiyyaci akan zaɓaɓɓen dabarar dasawa, likita ya ci gaba da tsara aikin.
A lokacin aikin tiyata na aikin likitan hakora-implantologist, ana iya amfani da hanyoyi guda biyu na yin aikin - ƙaddamar da matakai biyu da mataki daya. Shawarar yin amfani da ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan fasahohin likita ne kawai ke yin, bisa ga hoton yanayin cutar da zai iya gani a cikin majiyyaci.
Ana yin aikin tiyata tare da kowace dabarar dasa shuki a ƙarƙashin maganin sa barci na gida, wanda ke tabbatar da cikakken rashin ciwo na tsari ga mai haƙuri. Kwararrun ƙwararren haƙori ɗaya yana ɗaukar kusan mintuna 30 a matsakaici. Bayan dasawa, ana ɗaukar x-ray mai sarrafawa na wurin da aka saka, bayan haka mai haƙuri zai iya barin alƙawarin hakori.
Daga baya, majiyyaci dole ne ya ziyarci likitan hakora wanda ya yi aikin dasa don cire sutures kuma ya sake yin x-ray na yankin da maganin ya shafa, da kuma watanni biyu bayan dasa, don shigar da na'urar. titanium dunƙule - danko mai siffa wanda ke ba da kambi na gaba. Kuma, a ƙarshe, a ziyarar ta uku, maimakon mai siffar, an shigar da abutment a cikin danko, wanda zai zama goyon baya ga kambi na karfe-ceramic a nan gaba.
3-6 watanni bayan dasawa, an sanya majiyyaci na prosthetics na haƙoran da aka dasa. Wannan mataki, wanda zai iya wuce kusan wata 1 a matsakaici, ya haɗa da ɗaukar ra'ayi na muƙamuƙin mara lafiya, samar da dakin gwaje-gwaje na tsarin kashin baya na nau'in da aka riga aka yarda da shi, dacewa da prosthesis da dacewa da shi a cikin rami na baki, da kuma gyarawa na ƙarshe. tsari a cikin kogon baka.
Rayuwar sabis na haƙoran haƙora ya dogara ne akan yadda mai haƙuri da kansa zai ci gaba da lura da yanayin rami na baki. Kuma, ba shakka, wajibi ne a ziyarci likitan hakora akai-akai domin likita ya iya sa ido kan duk canje-canjen da ke faruwa a cikin majiyyaci yayin aiwatar da tsarin sawa.
Shawarwari ga marasa lafiya
Lokacin da aka cire kowane hakora, canje-canjen da ba za a iya jurewa ba suna faruwa a cikin rami na baka. Idan an cire wasu sassan hakori kuma ba a mayar da su ba, to, za a fara cin zarafi na rufe jaws, wanda sau da yawa yakan haifar da cututtuka na periodontal a nan gaba. Har ila yau, akwai motsi na hakora a cikin muƙamuƙi - wasu hakora suna zuwa gaba (hakora a gaban sashin da aka cire), wasu kuma sun fara ƙoƙari su dauki wurin da aka cire. Don haka, ana cin zarafin daidaitaccen haɗin haƙori a cikin bakin ɗan adam. Wannan na iya haifar da ƙwayoyin abinci akai-akai suna makale tsakanin hakora, haɓakar caries ko gingivitis.
Har ila yau, karkata ga raka'o'in tauna na bakin baki yana haifar da nauyin nauyin kyallen takarda da ke kewaye da sauran hakora, da kuma raguwa a tsayin cizon da matsuguni na sauran sassan hakori gaba tare da muƙamuƙi. Wannan yana cike da gaskiyar cewa haƙoran gaba na iya fara rarrabuwa cikin siffa mai siffar fan, sassautawa. Duk waɗannan matakai, wata hanya ko wata, suna haifar da saurin mutuwa na kashin hakora. Don haka, lokacin cire haƙora, lallai ya kamata ku tuntuɓi likitan haƙora mai kyau don alƙawari don maido da duk abubuwan da suka dace na rami na baka da kuma kula da daidaitaccen aikin tauna duk hakora.