Cutar Cushing cuta ce ta endocrine da ke da alaƙa da bayyanar da jikin mutum zuwa matakan cortisol masu yawa, hormone da glandon adrenal ya ɓoye. Babban sifar sa shine kiba na saman jiki da fuskar mutumin da abin ya shafa. A mafi yawan lokuta, cutar Cushing ta samo asali ne ta hanyar shan magungunan hana kumburi. Amma kuma tana iya samun sanadin asalin halitta, kamar cutar Cushing, wanda ba kasafai ake samun ta ba, daga sabbin cutar guda daya zuwa goma sha uku a cikin mutane miliyan daya kuma a kowace shekara, a cewar majiyoyin. (1)

Ƙananan matakan cortisol suna haifar da tarin alamu da alamu. Mafi mahimmanci shine ƙimar nauyi da canjin kamannin mara lafiya: kitse yana tarawa a cikin jiki da wuya, fuska ta zama zagaye, kumburi da ja. Wannan yana tare da asarar tsokoki a hannaye da ƙafafu, har zuwa wannan “atrophy” na iya kawo cikas ga motsi na mutumin da abin ya shafa.

Ana lura da wasu alamomin kamar su fatar fatar jiki, bayyanar alamar tsayin daka (akan ciki, cinya, gindi, hannu da ƙirji) da raunuka a kafafu. Babban lalacewar tunanin mutum saboda aikin kwakwalwa na cortisol bai kamata a yi sakaci da shi ba: gajiya, damuwa, bacin rai, bacci da tashin hankali da bacin rai yana shafar ingancin rayuwa kuma yana iya haifar da kashe kansa.

Mata na iya haɓaka kuraje da haɓakar gashi mai yawa kuma suna fuskantar rushewar haila, yayin da ayyukan jima'i da haihuwa ke raguwa. Osteoporosis, kamuwa da cuta, thrombosis, hawan jini da ciwon suga sune matsalolin gama gari.

Cutar ta Cushing tana faruwa ne ta hanyar wuce gona da iri na kyallen kyallen takarda a cikin jiki zuwa hormones na steroid, gami da cortisol. Cutar ta Cushing galibi tana haifar da shan corticosteroids na roba don tasirin rigakafin kumburin fuka, cututtukan kumburi, da sauransu, da baki, azaman fesawa ko azaman maganin shafawa. Yana da asali na asali.

Amma asalin sa na iya zama na ƙarshe: ciwon yana haifar da ɓarkewar ɓarkewar cortisol ta ɗaya ko duka adrenal gland (wanda ke saman kodan). Wannan yana faruwa lokacin da ƙwayar cuta, mara kyau ko m, ta taso a cikin gland, adrenal gland, wanda ke cikin kwanyar), ko wani wuri a cikin jiki. Lokacin da ciwon kumburin Cushing ya haifar da wani mummunan ciwace -ciwacen da ke cikin gland (pituitary adenoma), ana kiranta cutar Cushing. Ciwon yana ɓoye hormone corticotropin mai yawa ACTH wanda zai tayar da jijiyoyin adrenal da a kaikaice ɓarkewar cortisol. Cutar Cushing tana lissafin kashi 70% na duk cututtukan da ke da alaƙa (2)

Yawancin cututtukan Cushing ba sa gadon gado. Koyaya, wannan na iya faruwa saboda tsinkayen gado na gado don haɓaka ciwace -ciwacen ƙwayoyi a cikin endocrine, adrenal, da pituitary gland.

Mata sun ninka maza sau biyar fiye da maza don samun cutar Cushing ta hanyar wani kumburin adrenal ko pituitary. A gefe guda kuma, maza sun fi mata bayyana sau uku a lokacin da sanadiyyar cutar sankarar huhu. (2)

Manufar kowane magani don cutar Cushing shine a sake samun ikon sarrafa ɓoyayyen cortisol. Lokacin da cutar ta Cushing ta haifar da miyagun ƙwayoyi, masanin ilimin endocrinologist ya gyara maganin sanadin. Lokacin da ya haifar da ƙari, ana amfani da magani ta tiyata (cire adenoma a cikin glandon pituitary, adrenalectomy, da sauransu), radiotherapy da chemotherapy, ana amfani da su. Lokacin da ba zai yiwu a kawar da kumburin gaba ɗaya ba, ana iya amfani da magungunan da ke hana cortisol (anticortisolics) ko masu hana hormone ACTH. Amma suna da sauƙin aiwatarwa kuma illarsu na iya yin muni, farawa da haɗarin rashin isasshen adrenal.