An gano sabuwar kwayar cutar SARS-CoV2 da ke haifar da cutar Covid-19 a China a cikin Janairu 2020. Yana daga cikin dangin coronaviruses da ke haifar da cututtuka da suka kama daga mura har zuwa matsanancin ciwo na numfashi. Har yanzu ba a tabbatar da asalin coronavirus ba a kimiyance, amma hanyar asalin dabbobi gata ce.

Sabon coronavirus SARS-Cov2, wanda ke haifar da cutar Covid-19, an fara gano shi a China, a cikin birnin Wuhan. Coronaviruses dangi ne na ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda galibi ke shafar dabbobi. Wasu suna kamuwa da mutane kuma galibi suna haifar da mura da alamu kamar mura. Masana kimiyya sun ce yana kama da coronaviruses da aka ɗauka daga jemagu. Jemage zai zama dabbar tafkin kwayar cutar. 

Koyaya, kwayar da aka samu a cikin jemagu ba za a iya watsa ta ga mutane ba. Da za a watsa SARS-Cov2 ga mutane ta wata dabbar kuma wacce ke ɗauke da coronavirus da ke da alaƙa mai ƙarfi tsakanin SARS-Cov2. Wannan shine pangolin, ƙaramin, dabbar dabbobi masu shaye -shaye wanda ana amfani da namansa, ƙasusuwansa, sikelinsa da gabobinsa a maganin gargajiya na kasar Sin. Ana ci gaba da bincike a China don tabbatar da wannan hasashe kuma za a fara binciken kwararru daga Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya nan ba da jimawa ba.

Don haka hanyar dabbar ta fi yiwuwa a yanzu saboda mutanen da suka fara yin kwangilar Covid-19 a watan Disamba sun tafi kasuwa a Wuhan (cibiyar barkewar cutar) inda aka sayar da dabbobi, gami da dabbobin daji. A karshen watan Janairu, China ta yanke shawarar hana cinikin dabbobin daji na wani dan lokaci domin dakile cutar. 

Covid-19 a duniya

Covid-19 yanzu yana shafar fiye da ƙasashe 180. A ranar Laraba 11 ga Maris, 2020, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta bayyana barkewar cutar da ke da alaƙa da Covid-19 a matsayin “pandemic"Sakamakon"matsala mai ban tsoro"Da wasu"mai tsanani”Game da yaduwar cutar a duniya. Har zuwa wannan lokacin, mun yi magana game da annoba, wanda ke nuna hauhawar kwatsam a cikin adadin masu cutar a cikin mutanen da ba a yi musu riga -kafi ba a wani yanki (wannan yanki na iya haɗa ƙasashe da yawa). 

Don tunatarwa, cutar ta Covid-19 ta fara a China, a Wuhan. Sabon rahoton da aka sanya ranar 31 ga Mayu, 2021 ya nuna mutane 167 sun kamu da cutar a duniya. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 552, mutane 267 sun mutu a Masarautar Tsakiya.

Manufar ƙasashen da cutar Covid-19 ta shafa ita ce taƙaita yaduwar cutar gwargwadon iko ta hanyoyi da yawa:

• keɓe masu kamuwa da cutar da waɗanda ke hulɗa da masu cutar.
• haramcin babban taron mutane.
• rufe shaguna, makarantu, gandun daji.
• dakatar da zirga -zirgar jiragen sama daga kasashen da kwayar cutar ke yaduwa.
• amfani da ƙa'idodin tsafta don kare kanku daga ƙwayar cuta (wanke hannuwanku akai -akai, daina sumbata da girgiza hannunku, tari da atishawa cikin gwiwar hannu, yi amfani da kyallen da ake iya yarwa, sanya abin rufe fuska ga marasa lafiya…).
• girmama nesantar zamantakewa (aƙalla mita 1,50 tsakanin kowane mutum).
• sanya abin rufe fuska ya zama tilas a cikin ƙasashe da yawa (a cikin yanayin rufewa da kan tituna), har ma ga yara (daga shekara 11 a Faransa - shekaru 6 a makaranta - da shekaru 6 a Italiya).
• a Spain, an hana shan taba a waje, idan ba za a iya girmama tazara ba.
• rufe mashaya da gidajen cin abinci, dangane da yaduwar cutar.
• bin diddigin duk mutanen da ke shiga kasuwanci, ta hanyar aikace -aikace, kamar a Thailand.
• raguwa da kashi 50% na karfin masauki a cikin ajujuwa da dakunan karatu na jami'o'i da cibiyoyin horaswa.
• sake kamewa a wasu kasashe, kamar Ireland da Faransa daga 30 ga Oktoba zuwa 15 ga Disamba, 2020.
• dokar hana fita daga karfe 19 na dare tun daga ranar 20 ga Maris, 2021 a Faransa.
• killace yawan jama'a ga yankunan da abin ya fi shafa ko a matakin kasa. 

Covid-19 a Faransa: dokar hana fita, tsarewa, matakan ƙuntatawa

Updateaukaka Mayu 3 - Daga wannan ranar, yana yiwuwa a yi tafiya cikin walwala a Faransa a cikin rana, ba tare da takardar sheda ba. Azuzuwan suna farawa a cikin rabin ma'auni a cikin aji na 4 da na 3 a makarantar sakandare har ma da manyan makarantu.

Sabunta Afrilu 1, 2021 - Shugaban Jamhuriyar ya ba da sanarwar sabbin matakan hana yaduwar cutar coronavirus

• ƙuntataccen ƙuntatawa da ke aiki a cikin sassan 19 ya kai ga duk yankin babban birni, daga 3 ga Afrilu, na tsawon makonni huɗu. An hana tafiye -tafiyen rana sama da kilomita 10 (ban da babban dalili da gabatar da takaddar);
• dokar hana fita ta kasa ta fara ne da karfe 19 na dare kuma tana ci gaba da aiki a Faransa.

Daga Litinin 5 ga Afrilu, makarantu da gandun daji za su rufe na makonni uku masu zuwa. Azuzuwan za su kasance na mako guda a gida don makarantu, kwalejoji da manyan makarantu. Daga ranar 12 ga Afrilu, za a fara aiwatar da hutun makonni biyu na makarantu lokaci guda don shiyyoyin uku. An shirya komawar aji a ranar 26 ga Afrilu ga daliban makarantun firamare da na firamare da 3 ga Mayu ga makarantun tsakiya da na sakandare. Daga ranar 26 ga Maris, sabbin tsare -tsare uku sun keɓe: Rhône, Nièvre da Aube.

Tun daga Maris 19, tsare-tsare ya kasance a cikin sassan 16, na tsawon makonni huɗu: Aisne, Alpes-Maritimes, Essonne, Eure, Hauts-de-Seine, Nord, Oise, Paris, Pas-de-Calais, Seine- et-Marne, Seine-Saint-Denis, Seine-Maritime, Somme, Val-de-Marne, Val-d'Oise, Yvelines. Yana yiwuwa a fita yayin wannan ɗaurin kurkuku, wanda aka bayar tare da takaddun shaida, a cikin radius na kilomita 10, amma ba tare da iyakance lokaci ba. An hana tafiye-tafiye tsakanin yankuna (ban da dalilai masu tilastawa ko ƙwararru). Makarantu sun kasance a buɗe kuma shaguna ” marasa mahimmanci Dole a rufe. 

In ba haka ba, ana kiyaye dokar hana fita a duk fadin ƙasar, amma an tura shi baya 19 hours daga ranar 20 ga Maris Telecommuting dole ne ya zama al'ada Kuma yakamata ayi amfani da kwanaki 4 daga cikin 5, lokacin da zai yiwu. 

Updateaukaka Maris 9-An kafa wani sashi na ƙarshen mako na gaba a Nice, a cikin Alpes-Maritimes, a cikin tashin hankali na Dunkirk da a cikin sashen Pas-de-Calais.

Sabuwar takardar shedar fita yana samuwa tun daga Nuwamba 30. A yau yana yiwuwa a zagaya “a cikin sararin sama ko wurin waje, ba tare da canza wurin zama ba, a cikin iyakar sa'o'i uku a kowace rana kuma a cikin mafi girman radius na kilomita ashirin a kusa da gidan, wanda aka haɗa ko dai da aikin motsa jiki ko nishaɗar mutum, zuwa banda duk wani wasan motsa jiki na gama gari da kowane kusanci ga sauran mutane, ko dai don yawo tare da mutane kawai aka haɗa su a gida ɗaya, ko don bukatun dabbobin gida.".

Shugaban Jamhuriyar ya yi wa Faransanci jawabi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba.Yanayin lafiyar na inganta, amma raguwar tana tafiya a hankali. Tsarewar tana ci gaba da aiki har zuwa 15 ga Disamba da kuma takaddar tafiye -tafiye ta musamman. Dole ne mu ci gaba da aikin wayar tarho, don gujewa taron dangi da balaguro marasa mahimmanci. Ya ambaci shirin aikinsa, tare da mahimman kwanakin uku, don ci gaba hana yaduwar cutar coronavirus : 

• Daga 28 ga Nuwamba, zai yiwu a yi tafiya tsakanin radius na kilomita 20, na tsawon awanni 3. Za a ba da izinin ayyukan ƙarin makarantu na waje da sabis, har zuwa iyakokin mutane 30. Shagunan za su iya sake buɗewa, har zuwa 21 na yamma, kazalika da sabis na gida, kantin sayar da littattafai da shagunan yin rikodin, a ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idar lafiya.
• Daga ranar 15 ga Disamba, idan an cimma manufofin, watau gurɓacewa 5 a kowace rana da 000 zuwa mutane 2 da ke cikin kulawa mai zurfi, ana iya ɗaukar ɗaurin. Jama'a za su iya yin tafiya cikin yardar kaina (ba tare da izini ba), musamman don “ciyar da hutu tare da iyali". A gefe guda, zai zama dole a ci gaba da iyakance “tafiye -tafiye marasa amfani". Cinemas, gidajen wasan kwaikwayo da gidajen tarihi za su iya ci gaba da ayyukansu, daidai da tsauraran dokoki. Bugu da kari, za a kafa dokar hana fita a ko’ina a yankin, daga 21 na dare zuwa 7 na safe, ban da maraice na 24 da 31 ga Disamba, inda “zirga -zirga zai kasance kyauta".
• Ranar 20 ga Janairu za ta yi alama mataki na uku, tare da sake bude gidajen abinci, mashaya da wuraren motsa jiki. Hakanan ajujuwa na iya ci gaba da fuskantar fuska a manyan makarantu, sannan bayan kwanaki 15 a jami'o'i.

Emmanuel Macron ya kara da cewa "Dole ne mu yi komai don guje wa tashin hankali na uku sabili da haka tsarewar ta uku".

Tun daga ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, dokokin tsarewa ba su canzawa. Ana tsawaita su na tsawon kwanaki 15. Lallai, a cewar Firayim Minista Jean Castex, ana yin asibiti 1 a kowane dakika 30 tare da shigar da kulawa mai zurfi kowane minti uku. An ƙetare kololuwar watan Afrilu, a yawan asibitoci. Koyaya, yanayin lafiyar yana ci gaba da haɓaka, godiya ga matakan da aka ɗauka tun ranar 30 ga Oktoba, amma har yanzu bayanan sun yi nisa sosai don ɗaga abin.

Daga 30 ga Oktoba, an killace yawan mutanen Faransa a karo na biyu, na farkon makonni huɗu. Za a sake tantance lamarin kowane mako biyu kuma za a dauki mataki daidai da wannan. 

Tun daga ranar 26 ga Oktoba, yanayin kiwon lafiya a Faransa yana tabarbarewa. Don haka gwamnati ta tsawaita dokar hana fita zuwa sassa 54: Loire, Rhône, Nord, Paris, Isère, Hauts-de-Seine, Val-d'Oise, Val-de-Marne, Seine-Saint-Denis, Essonne, Bouches-du- Rhône, Haute-Garonne, Yvelines, Hérault, Seine-et-Marne, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Loire, Ain, Savoie, Ardèche, Saône-et-Loire, Aveyron, Ariège, Tarn-et-Garonne, Tarn, Pyrénées- Orientales, Gard, Vaucluse, Puy-de-Dôme, Hautes-Alpes, Pas-de-Calais, Drôme, Oise, Haute-Savoie, Jura, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Haute-Corse, Calvados, Hautes-Pyrénées, Corse-du- Kudu, Lozère, Haute-Vienne, Côte-d'Or, Ardennes, Var, Indre-et-Loire, Aube, Loiret, Maine-et-Loire, Bas-Rhin, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Marne, Alpes-Maritimes, Ille-et-Vilaine da Faransa Polynesia.

Shugaban Jamhuriyar, Emmanuel Macron, ya sanar da sabbin matakan. Daga ranar Asabar 17 ga Oktoba, za a ayyana dokar ta baci ta kiwon lafiya, a karo na biyu, a Faransa. Za a kafa dokar hana fita, daga 21 na dare zuwa 6 na safe daga wannan ranar, a Ile-de-France, Grenoble, Lille, Saint-Etienne, Montpellier, Lyon, Toulouse, Rouen da Aix-Marseille. Shugaban Kasar ya ba da shawarar iyakance ga mutane 6 don yin taro a cikin dangi, yayin girmama alamun shinge da sanya abin rufe fuska. Wani sabon aikace -aikacen "TousAntiCovid" zai maye gurbin "StopCovid". Za ta gabatar da bayanai dangane da inda mutum yake, don ba su shawarar lafiya. Manufar ita ce rage haɗarin gurɓatawa da bayar da ma'auni gwargwadon biranen, ta hanyar samar da littafin mai sauƙin amfani. Hakanan ana ci gaba da sabon dabarun tantancewa, ta amfani da "gwajin kai" da "gwajin antigenic".

A Faransa, idan an sami barkewar annoba, matakai da yawa ana haifar da su dangane da juyin halin da ake ciki.

Mataki na 1 yana da nufin iyakance shigar da kwayar cutar a cikin ƙasa, abin da ake kira "shigo da lamuran". A takaice, ana aiwatar da keɓe masu rigakafin ga mutanen da ke dawowa daga yankin haɗari. Hukumomin lafiya suna kuma kokarin gano “mai haƙuri 0”, Wanda ke asalin asalin gurɓatattun abubuwa a wani yanki da aka bayar.

Mataki na 2 ya ƙunshi iyakance yaduwar cutar wanda har yanzu yana cikin wasu wurare. Bayan gano waɗannan sanannun gungu (wuraren sake haɗa kan 'yan asalin ƙasar), hukumomin kiwon lafiya suna ci gaba da keɓe masu rigakafin kuma suna iya buƙatar rufe makarantu, gandun daji, hana manyan tarurruka, nemi jama'a su iyakance motsin su, taƙaita ziyarce -ziyarce ga cibiyoyin maraba mutane masu rauni (gidajen kulawa)…

Ana haifar da mataki na 3 lokacin da kwayar cutar ke yawo a ko'ina cikin yankin. Manufarta ita ce yin duk mai yuwuwa don shawo kan cutar ta hanya mafi kyau a cikin ƙasar. An raunana mutane masu rauni (tsofaffi da / ko waɗanda ke fama da wasu cututtuka) gwargwadon iko. An tattara tsarin kiwon lafiya gaba ɗaya (asibitoci, magungunan gari, cibiyoyin kula da lafiya) tare da ƙarfafa ƙwararrun masana kiwon lafiya.

Zuwa yau, a ranar 2 ga Yuni, 2021, Faransa har yanzu tana kan mataki na 3 na barkewar cutar coronavirus. Rahoton sabon rahoto 5 677 172 mutanen da suka kamu da Covid-19 et 109 sun mutu. 

Kwayar cutar da ire -irenta yanzu suna yawo a duk faɗin ƙasar.

Da fatan za a duba wannan labarin don sabunta bayanai kan coronavirus a Faransa da matakan gwamnati sakamakon hakan.