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cholesterol – Wannan wani abu ne mai kama da kitse wanda ke cikin kusan dukkanin halittu masu rai. Ya kamata a fahimci cewa kawai 20-30% na shi yana shiga jiki tare da abinci. Sauran cholesterol (mai kama da cholesterol) jiki ne ya samar da shi. Saboda haka, dalilan da ke haifar da karuwa a matakinsa a cikin jini na iya zama da yawa.
High cholesterol - abin da ake nufi?
Likitoci suna magana game da karuwa a matakin cholesterol a cikin jini lokacin da alamun sun wuce al'ada fiye da kashi uku. A cikin mutane masu lafiya, matakin cholesterol ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 5,0 mmol / l (zaka iya samun ƙarin bayani anan: al'adar cholesterol a cikin jini ta shekaru). Duk da haka, ba duk abubuwa masu kama da kitsen da ke cikin jini ba ne masu haɗari, amma ƙananan ƙwayoyin lipoproteins. Suna haifar da barazana saboda gaskiyar cewa suna taruwa akan bangon tasoshin jini kuma bayan wani lokaci suna samar da plaques atherosclerotic.
A saman girma a cikin jirgin ruwa, thrombus ya fara farawa a hankali (wanda ya ƙunshi yawancin platelets da sunadaran jini). Yana sa jirgin ya kara kunkuntar, wani lokacin kuma wani karamin guntu ya karye daga gudan jini, wanda ke tafiya tare da jini a cikin jirgin har zuwa inda jirgin ya kuntata gaba daya. A nan ne gudan jini ya makale. Wannan yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa jini yana damuwa, wanda wani gabobin jiki ke fama da shi. Sau da yawa, arteries na hanji, ƙananan extremities, splin da kodan suna toshe (a lokaci guda, likitoci sun ce ciwon zuciya na daya ko wata gabobin ya faru). Idan jirgin da ke ciyar da zuciya ya sha wahala, to, mai haƙuri yana da ciwon zuciya na zuciya, kuma idan tasoshin kwakwalwa, to bugun jini.
Cutar tana ci gaba a hankali kuma ba tare da fahimta ba ga mutum. Mutum na iya jin alamun farko na rashin isar da jini zuwa gabobin jiki ne kawai lokacin da jijiya ta toshe da fiye da rabi. Wato, atherosclerosis zai kasance a cikin mataki na ci gaba.
Yadda ainihin cutar ta bayyana kanta zai dogara ne akan inda cholesterol ya fara tarawa. Idan aorta ya toshe, mutumin zai fara samun alamun hauhawar jini. Har ila yau, yana cikin haɗarin anerysm na aortic da mutuwa idan ba a dauki matakan da suka dace ba a cikin lokaci.
Idan Cholesterol ya toshe aortic arches, to a ƙarshe wannan zai haifar da gaskiyar cewa jinin da ke cikin kwakwalwa zai rushe, wannan yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka kamar suma, juwa, sannan bugun jini ya tashi. Idan jijiyoyin bugun jini na zuciya sun toshe, to sakamakon shi ne cututtukan jijiyoyin gabbai.
Lokacin da gudan jini ya fito a cikin arteries (mesenteric) da ke ciyar da hanji, kyallen jikin hanji ko mesentery na iya mutuwa. Har ila yau, ana yawan samun toad na ciki, yana haifar da colic a cikin ciki, kumburi da amai.
Lokacin da jijiyoyi na koda suka shafi, yana barazana ga mutum mai hawan jini. Cin zarafin jinin da ake bayarwa ga tasoshin azzakari yana haifar da rashin aiki na jima'i. Cin zarafi na samar da jini zuwa ƙananan sassan yana haifar da bayyanar zafi a cikinsu da kuma tasowa gurgu, wanda ake kira intermittent.
Dangane da kididdigar, mafi yawan lokuta ana lura da karuwa a cikin matakan cholesterol a cikin maza sama da shekaru 35 da kuma a cikin matan da suka shiga lokacin al'ada.
Don haka, yawan ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin jini na iya nufin abu ɗaya kawai - cututtuka masu tsanani suna faruwa a cikin jiki, wanda, idan ba a dauki matakan da suka dace ba, zai haifar da mutuwa.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da hawan cholesterol
Dalilan da ke haifar da gaskiyar cewa matakin cholesterol ya kasance mai ƙarfi na iya zama kamar haka:
Mutum yana da cututtuka na gado. Daga cikin su akwai polygenic familial hypercholesterolemia, na gado dysbetalipoproteinemia da kuma hade hyperlipidemia;
cututtukan koda, alal misali, gazawar koda, nephroptosis, glomerulonephritis;
Hawan jini;
Cutar cututtukan zuciya;
Gout;
Ciwon daji na Werner;
Analbuminemia;
Hanta pathologies, musamman, na kullum da kuma m hepatitis, cirrhosis, extrahepatic jaundice, subacute hanta dystrophy;
Pathology na pancreas, yana iya zama m da na kullum pancreatitis, gabobi ciwace-ciwacen daji;
Kasancewar ciwon sukari.
Hypothyroidism;
Cututtuka masu alaƙa da shekaru waɗanda galibi suna bayyana a cikin mutanen da suka ketare layin shekaru 50;
M ciwace-ciwacen daji na prostate;
Rashin isasshen samar da hormone somatotropic;
Lokacin haihuwa;
Kiba da sauran cututtuka na rayuwa;
Rashin abinci mai gina jiki;
Megaloblastic anemia;
Cututtukan huhu na huhu na yanayi na yau da kullun;
Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai;
Shan wasu magunguna, misali, androgens, adrenaline, chlorpropamide, glucocorticosteroids;
Shan taba, haka ma, ya isa ya zama kawai mai shan taba;
Shaye-shaye ko kuma kawai cin zarafin abubuwan sha;
Salon zama mai zaman kansa da rashin ƙarancin aikin jiki;
Yawan cin abinci na takarce da mai mai. A nan, duk da haka, yana da kyau a ambaci cewa wannan ba game da canzawa zuwa abinci maras amfani da cholesterol ba, amma game da rage yawan abinci mai soyayyen da ake cinyewa.
Menene haɗarin high cholesterol?
Akwai wasu barazana ga lafiyar mutum idan ya ci gaba da karuwa a matakan cholesterol na jini. Mutane da yawa ba sa ganin wannan a matsayin abin damuwa. Duk da haka, wannan hujja bai kamata a yi watsi da shi ba, saboda yana haifar da yawan cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, wanda a ƙarshe ya zama sanadin ciwon zuciya da bugun jini.
Duk da cewa akwai adadi mai yawa na magunguna da hanyoyin hanyoyin magance cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, waɗannan cututtukan sun mamaye wuri na farko a cikin duk cututtukan da ke haifar da mutuwa a tsakanin al'ummomin duniya duka. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ba da cikakkun alkaluma: 20% na bugun jini da kashi 50% na bugun zuciya suna faruwa ne saboda gaskiyar cewa mutane suna da matakan cholesterol. Koyaya, kada ku yanke ƙauna idan an gano babban matakin wannan abu a cikin jini, tunda cholesterol yana iya kuma yakamata a sarrafa shi.
Koyaya, don tantance ainihin barazanar haɗarin, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci abin da ke tattare da cholesterol mai haɗari da mara haɗari:
LDL shine abin da ake kira "mummunan" cholesterol. Ƙaruwar matakinsa ne ke barazanar toshe jijiyoyi, a sakamakon haka, ana fuskantar barazanar samuwar bugun jini da bugun zuciya. Don haka, wajibi ne a yi ƙoƙari don tabbatar da cewa matakan jininsa bai wuce alamar 100 mg / dl ba. Koyaya, waɗannan alamomi ne ga cikakken mutum mai lafiya. Idan akwai tarihin cututtukan zuciya, to yakamata a rage matakan LDL zuwa aƙalla 70 mg/dL;
Cholesterol "mai kyau" yana rage abun ciki na "mara kyau". Ya iya shiga cikin "mummunan" cholesterol kuma ya kai shi cikin hanta, inda bayan wasu halayen za a fitar da shi ta dabi'a daga jikin mutum;
Wani nau'in kitse mara lafiya ana kiransa triglycerides. Suna kuma yawo a cikin jini kuma, kamar LDL, suna ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu mutuwa. Matakan jininsu kada ya wuce 50 mg/dl.
Cholesterol yana zagawa a cikin jinin kowane mutum, kuma idan matakin kitse "mara kyau" ya fara tashi, to, shi, ko fiye da haka, yakan kasance a cikin ganuwar jini, yana rage jijiyoyi a kan lokaci, ta yadda zai yiwu. jini ba zai iya ratsa su kamar da. Kuma bangonsu ya zama mara ƙarfi. Plaques suna samuwa a kusa da su da gudan jini. Yana rushe samar da jini zuwa wata gabobin jiki kuma ischemia nama yana faruwa.
Hatsarin rashin gano cutar cholesterol yana da yawa kamar adadin mutuwar da ke haifar da wannan tsari. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa high cholesterol yana bayyana kansa a cikin jinkiri a cikin nau'i na wasu alamomi.
Shi ya sa yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da:
Kasancewar ciwo a cikin ƙananan ƙafar ƙafa lokacin tafiya;
Bayyanar xanthomas, ko launin rawaya a kan fata;
Kasancewar nauyin nauyi;
Raɗaɗɗen raɗaɗi a cikin yankin zuciya.
Idan akwai aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, ya zama dole a tuntuɓi likita da wuri-wuri kuma ku wuce gwaje-gwajen da suka dace.
6 tatsuniyoyi game da high cholesterol
Duk da haka, kar a ɗauke ku da tunani game da cholesterol ba tare da wani dalili ba. Mutane da yawa suna da tabbacin cewa barazana ce mai kisa, don haka suna ƙoƙari ta kowace hanya don rage yawan ci daga abinci. Don haka, ana amfani da abinci iri-iri waɗanda suka haɗa da keɓance abinci mai ɗauke da kitse daga abinci. Duk da haka, yin hakan ba daidai ba ne, tun da yake a sakamakon haka za ku iya haifar da illa ga lafiyar ku. Don kula da matakan cholesterol na al'ada, kuma a lokaci guda ba zai haifar da lalacewa ga jikin ku ba, kuna buƙatar sanin kanku da tatsuniyoyi na yau da kullun.
Labari 6 game da high cholesterol:
Cholesterol na iya shiga jiki da abinci kawai. A gaskiya, wannan kuskure ne na kowa. A matsakaita, kashi 25% na waɗannan kitse ne kawai ke shiga cikin jini daga waje. Sauran shi kuma jiki ne ke samar da shi. Don haka, ko da kuna ƙoƙarin rage matakin waɗannan kitse tare da taimakon abinci iri-iri, har yanzu ba za ku iya “cire” babban rabonsa ba. Likitoci sun ba da shawarar tsayawa kan abincin da ba shi da cholesterol ba don manufar rigakafin ba, amma don dalilai na magani kawai, lokacin da matakin waɗannan kitse da gaske ya juye. A cikin saitin abinci, wanda ke ba ku damar kawar da ƙwayar cholesterol mai yawa, kada a sami cuku mai wuya, madara tare da babban adadin mai, da naman alade. Haka kuma man dabino da na kwakwa da ke da yawa a cikin ice cream da pastries da kusan duk wani kayan marmari na haifar da illa.
Duk wani cholesterol yana cutarwa ga lafiyar ɗan adam. Duk da haka, ba haka ba ne. Ɗaya, wato LDL, yana da ikon haifar da cututtuka masu tsanani, kuma wani nau'in cholesterol, wato HDL, akasin haka, yana taimakawa wajen kawar da barazanar. Bugu da ƙari, "mummunan" cholesterol yana da haɗari kawai idan matakinsa ya wuce al'ada.
Matakan Cholesterol wanda ya fi na al'ada yana haifar da ci gaban cututtuka. A gaskiya ma, babu wata cuta da za ta iya haifar da babban cholesterol. Idan alamun sun yi yawa, to ya kamata ku kula da dalilan da suka haifar da wannan. Wannan na iya zama sigina na pathology na kodan, hanta, glandar thyroid da sauran gabobin ko tsarin. Ba cholesterol ba ne ke haifar da bugun zuciya da bugun jini, amma rashin abinci mai gina jiki, yawan damuwa, salon zaman rayuwa da munanan halaye. Saboda haka, yana da amfani a san cewa triglycerides na jini da jimlar cholesterol kada su wuce 2,0 da 5,2 mmol a kowace lita, bi da bi. A lokaci guda, matakin high da low yawa cholesterol kada ya zama sama da 1,9 da 3,5 mmol kowace lita. Idan ƙananan kitse suna da ƙima, kuma kitse masu yawa, akasin haka, suna da ƙasa, to wannan shine siginar mafi haɗari na matsala a cikin jiki. Wato "mummunan" cholesterol ya fi "mai kyau".
Mafi girman siginar haɗari shine haɓakar matakin cholesterol a cikin jini. Wannan wata tatsuniya ce ta gama gari. Yana da haɗari sosai don gano cewa matakin triglycerides ne wanda aka ƙima.
Cholesterol yana rage tsawon rayuwa. Yawancin mutane sun yi imanin cewa tare da ƙananan matakin jimlar cholesterol, yawan shekarun rayuwa yana ƙaruwa sosai. Koyaya, an gudanar da bincike a cikin 1994 waɗanda ke tabbatar da cewa wannan ba cikakkiyar gaskiya ba ce. Har ya zuwa yanzu, babu wata hujja ko }asa da ta tabbatar da wannan tatsuniyar da ta yadu.
Magunguna na iya taimakawa rage matakan cholesterol na jini. Wannan ba gaskiya bane gaba ɗaya, tunda statins suna da illa ga jiki. Amma akwai samfurori na halitta, cinyewa wanda a cikin abinci, za ku iya cimma raguwa a cikin alamun da aka yi la'akari. Misali, muna magana ne akan goro, man zaitun, kifi teku da sauran su.
Yadda za a bi da high cholesterol?
Don rage matakin cholesterol a cikin jini, ana amfani da magunguna da hanyoyin da ba na magunguna ba.
Jiki na jiki
Cikakken aikin jiki zai taimaka rage matakan cholesterol:
Na farko, motsa jiki na yau da kullum yana taimakawa jiki cire kitsen da ya shiga cikin jini tare da abinci. Lokacin da "mummunan" lipids ba su zauna a cikin jini na dogon lokaci ba, ba su da lokaci don daidaitawa a kan ganuwar jini. An tabbatar da cewa gudu yana inganta kawar da mai daga abinci. Mutane ne da ke gudana akai-akai waɗanda ba su da sauƙi ga samuwar plaques na cholesterol;
Abu na biyu, motsa jiki na yau da kullun, gymnastics, raye-raye, tsayin daka ga iska mai kyau da damuwa na yau da kullun akan jiki yana ba ku damar kiyaye sautin tsoka, wanda ke da tasiri mai kyau akan yanayin jijiyoyin jini;
Tafiya da motsa jiki na yau da kullun suna da mahimmanci musamman ga tsofaffi. Duk da haka, kada ku damu da yawa, saboda karuwa a cikin bugun zuciya kuma yana iya yin illa ga lafiyar tsofaffi. A cikin komai, wajibi ne a kiyaye ma'auni, kuma a cikin yaki da wuce haddi cholesterol, ma.
Amfani mai amfani
Anan akwai ƙarin shawarwari 4 masu fa'ida waɗanda zasu taimaka muku rage ƙwayar cholesterol mara kyau:
Wajibi ne a daina munanan halaye. Shan taba yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi kawo cikas ga lafiyar dan adam. Duk gabobin ba tare da togiya suna fama da shi ba, ƙari, haɗarin haɓakar atherosclerosis yana ƙaruwa;
Amma ga barasa, a cikin madaidaitan allurai yana iya taimakawa har ma yaƙar adadin cholesterol. Amma ba za ku iya wuce alamar gram 50 don abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi da gram 200 don abubuwan sha masu ƙarancin barasa ba. Duk da haka, irin wannan hanyar rigakafin bai dace da kowa ba. Bugu da ƙari, wasu likitoci suna adawa da amfani da barasa, har ma a cikin ƙananan allurai;
Maye gurbin baki shayi tare da koren shayi na iya rage matakan cholesterol da kashi 15%. Abubuwan da ke ƙunshe a ciki suna ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa ganuwar capillaries suna ƙarfafawa kuma an rage matakin lipids masu cutarwa. Adadin HDL, akasin haka, yana ƙaruwa;
Yin amfani da wasu ruwan 'ya'yan itace da aka matse kuma na iya zama ma'aunin rigakafi a cikin yaƙi da tubalan cholesterol. Koyaya, dole ne a ɗauki su daidai kuma a cikin takamaiman sashi. Bugu da ƙari, ba kowane ruwan 'ya'yan itace yana da tasiri mai amfani a jiki ba. Daga cikin wadanda ke yin aikin akwai ruwan 'ya'yan itace seleri, ruwan karas, ruwan beetroot, ruwan kokwamba, ruwan apple, ruwan kabeji, da ruwan lemu.
Food
A cikin yaki da yawan cholesterol, abinci mai gina jiki zai iya taimakawa, wanda dole ne a cire wasu abinci gaba daya, kuma a rage yawan amfani da wasu. Yana da mahimmanci cewa mutum baya cinye fiye da 300 MG na cholesterol kowace rana tare da abinci. Yawancin wannan abu yana samuwa a cikin kwakwalwa, kodan, caviar, kwai gwaiduwa, man shanu, tsiran alade, mayonnaise, nama (naman alade, naman sa, rago). Idan waɗannan samfuran suna ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa matakin cholesterol a cikin jini zai ci gaba da tashi sama, to akwai waɗanda, akasin haka, rage shi.
Musamman, yana da mahimmanci cewa abinci dole ne ya kasance:
Ma'adinai na ruwa, kayan lambu da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, amma kawai waɗanda aka matse daga sabo ne;
Mai: zaitun, sunflower, masara. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata su zama, idan ba cikakken madadin ba, to, aƙalla maye gurbin man shanu. Man zaitun ne, da avocado da goro, suna dauke da irin wadannan mai da ke taimakawa wajen rage mummunan cholesterol;
Nama, amfani da shi a cikin abinci na mutumin da ke da high cholesterol ya kamata ya zama mai laushi. Waɗannan nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi ne kamar naman sa, zomo da naman kaji, waɗanda dole ne a fara cire su daga fata;
Hatsi. Kada ka manta game da dukan hatsi, musamman, alkama, hatsi da buckwheat;
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari Ku ci aƙalla abinci 2 na 'ya'yan itatuwa daban-daban kowace rana. Kodayake yawancin su, da sauri matakin cholesterol a cikin jini zai ragu. 'Ya'yan itatuwa Citrus suna da amfani musamman. Musamman, an gano cewa pectin da ke cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara da kwasfa na innabi na iya rage matakan cholesterol sosai, har zuwa 7%, a cikin watanni biyu kawai na cin abinci na yau da kullun;
bugun jini. Babban makaminsu na yakar cholesterol mai yawa shine babban abun ciki na fiber mai narkewa da ruwa. Ita ce ta iya cire wani abu mai kama da kitse daga jiki. Ana iya samun irin wannan sakamako idan aka sha da baki, da masara da hatsi;
Sea kifi na m iri. Don taimakawa mutanen da ke fama da babban cholesterol, kifi mai kitse yana zuwa, yana dauke da Omega 3 a cikin abun da ke ciki. Wannan abu ne ke ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa dankon jini yana raguwa sosai, kuma ƙumburi na jini ya zama ƙasa da yawa;
Tafarnuwa. A dabi'a yana aiki akan cholesterol dangane da rage matakan sa a cikin jini. Duk da haka, akwai gargadi guda ɗaya - dole ne a cinye shi sabo ne, ba tare da maganin zafi ba.
[Bidiyo] Dokta Evdokimenko ya bayyana dalilin da yasa cholesterol ke tashi da yadda ake rage shi:
Me yasa cholesterol ya zama dole ga mutum. Ta yaya abinci mai cholesterol ke shafar lafiyar jiki. Tatsuniyar cholesterol a cikin abinci. Me yasa cholesterol na abinci baya ƙara cholesterol? Za a iya cin ƙwai da gwaiduwa? Me yasa kungiyar likitocin ke yaudarar mutane? Me yasa magungunan cholesterol ke kashewa? Halaye da ayyukan lipoproteins. Kwai nawa za ku iya ci kowace rana?
Rigakafin high cholesterol
Matakan rigakafin da ke nufin rage matakan cholesterol sune matakan da suka fi dacewa don magance cututtukan jijiyoyin jini da na zuciya.
Don hana samuwar cholesterol plaques, dole ne a bi shawarwari masu zuwa:
Ka yi rayuwar da ta dace. Wataƙila yawancin mutane za su yi tunanin cewa wannan shawarar banal ba ce, duk da haka, a cikin yaƙi da high cholesterol shine ya fi tasiri. Bugu da ƙari, ba kowa ba ne ke kula da bin salon rayuwa mai kyau, ko ta yaya mai sauƙi zai iya zama kamar;
Kawar da ko rage girman yanayi. A dabi'a, ba zai yiwu a guje su gaba ɗaya ba, saboda haka, idan ba za ku iya jimre wa motsin zuciyar ku ba, za ku iya, bisa shawarar likita, ku ɗauki magungunan kwantar da hankali;
Kada ku ci abinci mai yawa kuma ku rage yawan abincin da ke da yawan cholesterol. Kada ku watsar da su gaba ɗaya idan matakin cholesterol bai haɓaka ba, amma don manufar rigakafin, kuna buƙatar bin abinci mai kyau ko žasa;
Hypodynamia - ga wani "aboki da aboki" na high cholesterol. Ƙarƙashin motsin mutum, haɓakar haɗarinsa na ƙirƙirar plaques cholesterol a cikin tasoshin. Saboda haka, aikin motsa jiki na yau da kullum akan jiki yana da mahimmanci;
Kin amincewa da munanan halaye. Shaye-shaye da shan taba kuma ba tare da cholesterol ba suna da illa ga dukkan gabobin jikin mutum. Kuma tare da karuwar cholesterol, haɗarin mutuwa daga bugun zuciya da bugun jini yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa;
Ziyartar likita akai-akai da gudummawar jini don sanin matakin cholesterol a cikinsa. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman ga maza sama da 35 da kuma matan da suka shiga al'ada. A cikin irin waɗannan mutane ne akwai haɗarin samar da plaques cholesterol;
Kuna buƙatar kallon nauyin ku. Ko da yake ba ya shafar matakan cholesterol kai tsaye, duk da haka, cututtukan da ke haifar da kiba na iya zama abin da ke haifar da karuwar ƙwayar cholesterol;
Matsakaicin matakan cholesterol lokaci ne don neman matsaloli da rashin aiki a cikin jiki. Yana da kyau koyaushe a tuna cewa ɗan ƙaramin ɓangaren cholesterol yana fitowa daga abinci. Sabili da haka, idan matakinsa yana girma, kuma mutum yana bin menu mai lafiya, to yana da kyau tuntuɓar ƙwararrun masani don gano cututtukan da ke haɗuwa.
A cewar yawancin likitoci, karuwar matakan cholesterol shine laifin rashin kula da lafiyar mutum da salon rayuwa. Don kauce wa samuwar cholesterol plaques, bai isa ba kawai iyakance wasu abinci akan menu. Hanyar ya kamata ya zama cikakke, kuma kuna buƙatar farawa da salon rayuwa.
Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci a koyaushe a tuna cewa cutar ta fi sauƙi don rigakafin fiye da magance ta daga baya. Bugu da ƙari, magungunan rage ƙwayar cholesterol suna da tasiri mai yawa.