Shayar da nono tabbas wani aiki ne na halitta, amma ba koyaushe yana da sauƙin aiwatarwa ba. Daga cikin matsalolin da iyaye mata masu shayarwa ke fuskanta, ciwo yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da daina shayarwa da wuri. Wasu shawarwari don hana su.

Yayin da jaririn ke shayar da shi yadda ya kamata, yawancin masu karɓan da ke kan areola na nono za su sami kuzari kuma mafi girma samar da hormones na nono zai kasance. Jaririn da ke shayarwa da kyau shima garantin shayarwa ne ba tare da radadi ba. Idan bai dauki nono daidai ba, jaririn yana fuskantar kasadar mike nono tare da kowace ciyarwa da raunana shi.  

Ma'auni don ingantaccen tsotsa 

Don tsotsa mai tasiri, dole ne a cika wasu ƙa'idodi:

• kan jariri ya kamata a dan lankwasa baya
• Hancinta yana shafar nono
• Ya kamata jaririn ya bude bakinta domin ya dauki wani bangare mai yawa na gefen nono, ba wai kawai nono ba. A cikin bakinsa, ya kamata a dan karkatar da gunkin zuwa ga baki.
• a lokacin ciyarwar, hancinta ya kamata ya dan bude sannan kuma labbanta sun karkata waje.

Matsayin jariri a lokacin ciyarwa yana da matukar muhimmanci don girmama waɗannan ka'idoji daban-daban. Babu matsayi guda na shayarwa, sai dai matsayi daban-daban wanda uwa za ta zabar wanda ya dace da ita, gwargwadon abin da take so da yanayinta.  

Madonna: matsayi na al'ada

Wannan shine matsayi na shayarwa na yau da kullun, yawanci wanda ake nunawa iyaye mata a sashin haihuwa. Manual :

• zauna lafiya tare da baya kadan baya, goyon bayan matashin kai. An sanya ƙafafu a kan ƙaramin kujera, don gwiwoyi sun fi girma fiye da kwatangwalo.
• ajiye jaririn a gefensa, ciki da na mahaifiyarsa, kamar an nade shi. Tallafa mata gindi da hannu ɗaya sannan ta bar kan ta a kan goshinta, cikin murƙuwar gwiwar hannu. Kada uwa ta dauki jaririnta (a cikin kasadar damuwa da cutar da ita baya), amma kawai ta tallafa mata.
• Dole ne kan jariri ya kasance a matakin nono, ta yadda zai iya shan shi da kyau a baki, ba tare da mahaifiyar ta sunkuya ko ta tashi ba.

Matashin reno, wanda ya kamata ya sa shayarwa cikin sauƙi da jin dadi, ya shahara sosai ga iyaye mata. Amma a hattara, da rashin amfani da shi, yana iya hidimar shayarwa fiye da sauƙaƙa. Kwantar da jariri a kan matashin kai wani lokaci yana buƙatar cire shi daga nono, wanda zai iya sa ya yi wuya a kama shi kuma yana kara haɗarin ciwon nono. Ba a ma maganar cewa matashin kai zai iya zamewa yayin ciyarwa. Na'urar shayarwa da za a yi amfani da ita tare da kulawa sosai…

Matsayin kwance: don matsakaicin shakatawa

Matsayin kwance yana ba ku damar shayar da jaririn ku yayin shakatawa. Wannan shine sau da yawa matsayin da aka karɓa ga iyaye mata waɗanda suke barci tare (mafi dacewa tare da gado na gefe, don ƙarin tsaro). Domin ba ya yin wani matsin lamba a cikin ciki, ana kuma ba da shawarar kwanciya bayan sashin cesarean, don iyakance zafi. A aikace: 

• kwanta a gefenka tare da matashin kai a ƙarƙashin kai kuma ɗaya a bayanka idan ya cancanta. Lanƙwasa kuma ya ɗaga ƙafarsa ta sama don ya zama barga.
• Kwantar da jaririn a gefensa, ya shiga ciki, cikin ciki. Kansa ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da ƙirjin, don haka dole ne ya ɗan ɗanɗana shi don ɗauka.

Rarraba Halittu: don “haihuwa” shayarwa

Fiye da matsayi na shayarwa, haɓakar ilimin halitta hanya ce ta ɗabi'a ta shayarwa. A cewar mai tsara ta Suzanne Colson, wata Ba’amurke mai ba da shawara kan shayarwa, ilimin halittu yana da nufin haɓaka ɗabi'un ɗabi'a na uwa da jariri, don natsuwa da ingantaccen shayarwa.

Don haka, a cikin ilimin halitta, uwa ta ba da nono ga jaririnta a cikin wani wuri a kwance maimakon zama, wanda ya fi dacewa. A dabi'a, za ta yi gida da hannunta don jagorantar jaririnta wanda, a nata bangaren, za ta iya amfani da duk abubuwan da ta dace don nemo nonon mahaifiyarta da kuma tsotsa sosai. 

A aikace: 

• zauna cikin kwanciyar hankali, zaune tare da gangar jikinka ta karkata baya ko a wani wuri mai matsakaicin kintsattse, bude. Kai, wuyansa, kafadu da hannaye yakamata a tallafa musu da kyau tare da matashin kai misali.
• sanya jaririn kusa da kai, fuskarsa a kan kirjinka, tare da ƙafafunta a kan kanka ko a kan matashin kai.
• bari jaririn ya "jawo" zuwa nono, kuma ya jagoranci shi idan ya cancanta tare da alamun da suka fi dacewa da dabi'a.

Ciyarwar yakamata ta kasance a wuri mai natsuwa, domin jariri da mahaifiyarsa su sami nutsuwa. Don ingantaccen shayarwa mara zafi, ga hanyar da za a bi:

Bayar da nono ga jaririn a farkon alamun farkawa

Juyawa motsi yayin barci ko bude baki, nishi, neman baki. Ba lallai ba ne (ko ma ba a ba da shawarar ba) jira har sai ya yi kuka don ba shi nono

Ba wa jariri nono na farko

Kuma haka har sai ya bari.

Idan jariri ya yi barci a nono ko kuma ya daina tsotsa da wuri

Matsa nono don fitar da madara kaɗan. Hakan zai kara masa kuzari ya koma shayarwa.

Bayar da ɗayan nono ga jariri

Da sharadin cewa har yanzu yana son ya sha. 

Don cire nonon jariri idan ba shi kadai yake yi ba

Tabbatar cewa "karya tsotsa" ta hanyar sanya yatsa a kusurwar bakinta, tsakanin ƙwanƙwarar ta. Wannan yana hana shi tsukewa da mikewa kan nono, wanda a karshe zai iya haifar da tsagewa.

Ta yaya za ku san ko jaririnku yana jinya sosai?

Ƙananan alamar don tabbatar da cewa jaririn yana tsotsa da kyau: haikalinsa suna motsawa, yana haɗiye tare da kowane tsotsa a farkon abincin, sannan kowane biyu zuwa uku yana tsotsa a karshen. Ya dakata a tsakiyar tsotson, baki bude, don shan nono.

A bangaren uwa, nono yana yin laushi yayin da ciyarwar ta ci gaba, ƙananan tingling ya bayyana kuma tana jin daɗin shakatawa (sakamakon oxytocin).  

Shayar da nono ba dole ba ne ya zama rashin jin daɗi, balle zafi. Jin zafi alamar gargaɗi ce cewa yanayin shayarwa ba shi da kyau.  

Abu na farko da ke haifar da ciwon shayarwa shine raɗaɗi, yawanci saboda rashin tsotsa. Idan shayarwar ta yi zafi, don haka ya zama dole da farko a duba daidai matsayin jariri a kan nono da tsotsarsa. Kada ku yi jinkirin kiran ungozoma ta ƙware a shayarwa (IUD Lactation and Breastfeeding) ko mai ba da shawara kan shayarwar IBCLB (International Board Certified Lactation Consultant) don kyakkyawar shawara da samun matsayi mafi kyau don shayarwa.  

Yadda za a sauke wani crevice?

Don inganta tsarin warkarwa na crevice, akwai hanyoyi daban-daban:

Nono:

Godiya ga abubuwan da ke hana kumburi, abubuwan haɓaka epidermal (EGF) da abubuwan da ke hana kamuwa da cuta (leukocytes, lysozyme, lactoferrin, da sauransu), madarar nono tana haɓaka warkarwa. Uwar zata iya shafa 'yan digo-duka a kan nono bayan an shayar da ita ko kuma ta yi amfani da shi azaman bandeji. Don yin wannan, kawai a jiƙa damfara da madarar nono kuma a ajiye shi a kan nono (ta amfani da fim ɗin abinci) tsakanin kowace ciyarwa. Canza shi kowane awa 2.

Lanolin:

wannan abu na halitta wanda aka samo daga glandan tumaki na tumaki yana da emollient, kwantar da hankali da kuma kaddarorin miya. Ana shafa a kan nono a ƙimar hazelnut ɗin da aka yi zafi a baya tsakanin yatsunsu, lanolin yana da lafiya ga jariri kuma baya buƙatar gogewa kafin ciyarwa. Zabi shi tsarkakakke kuma 100% lanolin. Lura cewa akwai ƙananan haɗarin rashin lafiyar da ke cikin ɓangaren barasa na lanolin kyauta.  

Wasu abubuwan da za su iya haifar da ɓarna

Idan, duk da gyara wurin shayarwa da waɗannan magunguna, tsagewar ta ci gaba ko ma daɗaɗawa, ya zama dole a ga wasu dalilai masu yiwuwa, kamar:

• torticollis na haihuwa wanda ke hana jariri juya kansa da kyau.
• frenulum harshe mai matsewa wanda ke tsoma baki tare da tsotsa,
• lebur ko ja da baya wanda ke wahalar da kan nonon

Wani abin da ke haifar da ciwon nono mai maimaitawa shine engorgement. Yana da yawa a lokacin kwararar madara, amma kuma yana iya faruwa daga baya. Hanya mafi kyau don sarrafa engorgement amma kuma hana shi ita ce yin shayarwa akan buƙata, tare da shayarwa akai-akai. Har ila yau, wajibi ne a duba daidai matsayi na jariri a kan nono don tabbatar da cewa tsotsarsa yana da tasiri. Idan bai tsotse da kyau ba, ba za a iya zubar da nono yadda ya kamata ba, yana kara haɗarin haɓakawa. 

Ciwon nono: yaushe za a yi shawara?

Wasu yanayi na buƙatar ku tuntuɓi likitan ku ko ungozoma:

• yanayin mura: zazzabi, ciwon jiki, babban gajiya;
• wani ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ƙwayar cuta;
• dunƙule mai wuya, ja, zafi a cikin ƙirjin.