Jarabawar tazarar jarabawa ce ta gwaje-gwaje da nazarce-nazarce da likitoci ke ba da shawarar a lokuta daban-daban (amma aƙalla sau ɗaya a kowace shekara biyu).
Abu na farko da kuke buƙatar ku yi shine ku tuna tarihin danginku: menene kakanninku suka mutu, kuma idan har yanzu suna raye, menene cututtuka na yau da kullun da suke fama da su. Gaskiyar ita ce, sanin abin da kakanninku suka yi rashin lafiya da shi da kuma abin da suka mutu, zai fi sauƙi ga likita ya tsara muku tsarin gwajin likita na mutum ɗaya. Amma ko da mun watsar da halayen mutum ɗaya na bishiyar halittar ku, duk mata, ba tare da togiya ba, suna buƙatar:
a yi gwajin jini na gaba ɗaya (daga yatsa ko daga jijiya),
a yi gwajin fitsari gabaɗaya,
wuce gwajin jini na biochemical don alamomi masu yawa, wanda labarin zai kasance kadan daga baya,
a duba a gynecologist,
Mammologist ya bincika,
a yi gwajin flora na farji,
Yi jarrabawar glandar mammary (ultrasound - idan ba ku kai shekaru 35-40 ba, mammography - idan kun riga kun kasance shekaru 35 ko 40; likita, bayan sauraron anamnesis, a cikin iyakokin iyaka, ta shekaru, zai iya yanke shawarar wane jarrabawa ne mafi kyau a gare ku),
yin duban dan tayi na gabobin pelvic (don gano cututtuka da neoplasms),
yin colposcopy (nazarin kyallen takarda na cervix don ware lalatawar sel zuwa m),
duba bayanin martabar lipid (zai nuna yadda haɗarin ɗigon jini yake da yawa),
yin ECG,
ba da gudummawar jini don ciwon sukari (don kar a rasa farkon ci gaban ciwon sukari mellitus),
duba okomarkers (ɗaukakin gwajin jini don aƙalla alamomi uku na ƙari: CA-125 - don ciwon daji na ovarian, CA-15-3 - don ciwon nono, CA-19-19 - don ciwon hanji da ciwon hanji, wanda yake a matsayi na uku ta hanyar yawaitar mata bayan ciwon nono da huhu),
ziyarci wani psychologist,
bincike don hormones (dole ne a ɗauka a farkon kuma a ranar 20th na sake zagayowar). Zai nuna yadda ovaries da thyroid gland suke aiki.
Binciken likita na shekara
Bari mu ci gaba zuwa tantance alamun gwajin jini na biochemical.
Alanine aminotransferase (AMT) yana nuna idan akwai lalacewar hanta (cututtukan hanta, cirrhosis, ko ciwon daji). Idan matakinsa ya karu, wannan shine dalilin da yasa likitoci ke zargin cutar. Gaskiya, yana da wuya a yi cikakken ganewar asali bisa wannan bincike, don haka ana iya buƙatar ƙarin bincike.
Amylase duka a cikin jini - wani enzyme na pancreas. Gwajin zai gaya muku idan kuna da pancreatitis ko wasu lahani ga ciki. Bugu da ƙari, idan matakin ya karu, to, likitoci za su yi ƙararrawa, amma ba za su iya tabbatar da abin da ke damun ku ba: ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike.
Antibodies zuwa thyroperoxidase – mai nuna autoimmune thyroid cuta.
Antithrombin III yana da tasiri mai ban tsoro akan zubar jini. Ragewar hankalinsa yana nuna cewa akwai haɗarin daskarewar jini.
Jimlar furotin whey... Sunadaran sunadaran jini sun kasu kashi albumin (wanda aka hada daga sunadaran da aka samar da abinci a cikin hanta) da globulins (taimakawa rigakafi, jigilar kayan abinci zuwa kyallen takarda, tabbatar da zubar da jini na al'ada, kuma ana wakilta su ta hanyar enzymes da hormones. Likitoci na iya damuwa game da gaskiyar lamarin. cewa adadin furotin da kuka rage, kuma suna sha'awar cikakkiyar darajar, kuma ba dangi ba, wanda ya dogara da jinkiri ko, akasin haka, asarar ruwa. Don haka, idan cikakken abun ciki na furotin a cikin jini ya ragu. , to wannan na iya nuna rashin cin zarafin furotin metabolism, wanda a cikin kansa zai iya zama alamar rashin aikin hanta (kamar yadda abun ciki na albumin yakan ragu), koda ko tsarin tsarin endocrine. Gaba ɗaya, idan sun gano cewa wani abu ba daidai ba ne, to. za su ba da ƙarin jarrabawa.
Jimlar bilirubin - Bilirubin, wani samfurin haemoglobin da ke cikin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini wanda ke mutuwa ta hanyar halitta ko kuma wani abu ya haifar da mutuwarsu. Yawanci, 1% na erythrocytes suna rushewa a cikin mutum mai lafiya kowace rana; saboda haka, kusan 100-250 MG na bilirubin yana shiga cikin jini. Bilirubin na iya karuwa saboda karuwar jajayen ƙwayoyin jini (wanda ke da alaƙa ga wasu nau'in anemia) ko lalacewar hanta (misali, tare da hanta). Gaskiyar ita ce, ƙarin sarrafa bilirubin yana faruwa a cikin hanta don cire shi daga jiki, amma, idan hanta ta lalace ta kowace hanya, to, bilirubin yana fitowa daga ƙwayoyin da suka lalace, yana shiga cikin jini. Hakanan ana iya danganta haɓakar bilirubin tare da matsaloli a cikin fitar bile (misali, idan ɗigon bile yana matsawa da wani abu, misali, ƙari, kumburin lymph, dutse ko tabo), to wannan yanayin shine. da ake kira bile duct dyskinesia. Don gano idan kuna da ɗayan waɗannan rashin daidaituwa a cikin ayyukan jiki, an tsara wannan bincike.
Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) - wani enzyme wanda aka samo a cikin sel na hanta da bile ducts, bi da bi, sakamakon ya sake nuna yadda hanta ke aiki. Sakamakon gwajin zai taimaka wajen gano ko kuna da ciwon bile stasis (holistasis). Hakanan, samar da wannan enzyme shima yana haifar da barasa, saboda haka, a jajibirin bincike, bai kamata ku sha ko shan paracetomol ko phenobarbital (wanda ke cikin Corvalol), wanda shima yana haɓaka ƙimar GGT.
Plasma glucose… Wannan ba ko kaɗan bane game da shahararren mawakin akan allon, amma game da sakamakon da zai taimaka muku gano ko kuna da ciwon sukari. Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda ciwon sukari yana farawa da ƙananan alamomi waɗanda za a iya mantawa da su cikin sauƙi. Binciken yana da mahimmanci musamman ga waɗanda ke da yanayin ƙwayar cuta zuwa ciwon sukari (dangi na kusa shine mai ciwon sukari), suna da kiba, ko kuma kun wuce shekaru 45.
Homocysteine... Tattaunawa a cikin jiki, homocysteine ya fara kai hari ga ganuwar ciki na jini, intima, tare da endothelium. Kuma jiki yana neman warkar da gibin da aka samu. Don wannan, jiki yana da cholesterol da calcium, waɗanda ke haifar da plaques atherosclerotic akan bangon tasoshin da suka lalace. Kuma komai zai yi kyau idan waɗannan allunan ba su haifar da toshewar jiragen da ake gyarawa ba! Ya kamata a duba Homocysteine idan dangin ku na kusa suna da gudan jini, cututtukan zuciya, ko shanyewar bugun zuciya. Yana da mahimmanci a kula da matakinsa idan irin waɗannan cututtuka sun fara tasowa a cikin iyali kafin shekaru 50.
Iron a cikin jini... Ba ku cikin haɗarin zama mai yanke itace idan bincikenku ya kasance na al'ada. Idan kana da anemia, to wannan alamar zai taimaka wajen gano ko yana hade da ƙananan ƙarfe a cikin jiki ko, watakila, ya ci gaba, alal misali, saboda rashin bitamin B12. Idan abun ciki na baƙin ƙarfe, akasin haka, ya karu, to wannan na iya zama saboda hemochromatosis na gado (cututtukan da ke hade da ƙara yawan sha da tarawar ƙarfe) ko kuma yawan abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙarfe.
Maganin calcium... Calcium shine babban kayan gini na jiki, bugu da kari, yana shiga cikin takurewar tsoka da zuciya. Wannan ma'adinai yana cikin daidaituwa akai-akai tare da phosphorus. Wato, idan adadin calcium a cikin jini ya ragu, abun cikin phosphorus ya tashi, kuma akasin haka. Saboda haka, suna magana game da metabolism na phosphorus-calcium. Abubuwan da ke cikin calcium a cikin jini ana sarrafa su ta hanyar parathyroid da thyroid gland. Wannan gwajin yana nuna metabolism na calcium a cikin jiki, wanda ke da mahimmanci don tantance aikin koda (suna fitar da calcium), a kaikaice yana tantance ko akwai ciwon nono, huhu, kwakwalwa ko ciwon makogwaro, ko akwai myeloma (nau'in ciwon jini), shi ma a kaikaice. yana nuna hyperthyroidism (idan matakin calcium ya girma). Duk da haka, wannan bincike ba zai gaya wa likitoci komai ba game da abun ciki na calcium a cikin kasusuwan kwarangwal! Don tantance wannan alamar, akwai wata dabarar daban - densiometry.
Coagulogram (prothrombin bisa ga Quick da INR) - sakamakon yana nuna yadda jinin ya yi kyau.
Leukocyte dabara (leukogram) yana nuna, na farko, nawa jiki zai iya tsayayya da kamuwa da cuta, na biyu, yana iya nunawa, lokacin da yake canzawa zuwa hagu (wato, karuwa a cikin leukocytes marasa girma), ciwon daji na wasu gabobin, ciki har da nono.