Ionogram na jini yana ɗaya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen da likitoci suka fi buƙata don lura da ma'aunin ruwan jiki da ma'aunin lantarki.

Ionogram na jini abu ne na gama-gari - kuma ɗayan gwajin da ake buƙata, wanda shine auna manyan abubuwan ion na jini (ko electrolytes). Wato sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), magnesium (Mg), bicarbonates (CO3).

Ana rubuta ionogram na jini akai-akai azaman wani ɓangare na dubawa. Ana kuma buƙatar taimako don gano cutar lokacin da majiyyaci yana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka kamar edema (watau tarin ruwa), rauni, tashin zuciya da amai, rikice ko bugun zuciya mara kyau.

Ana amfani da jarrabawar don lura da ma'auni na hydro-electolytic na kwayoyin halitta, wato ma'auni tsakanin ruwa da ions daban-daban. Mafi yawa kodan ne ke tabbatar da wannan daidaito, ta hanyar tace fitsari, amma fata, numfashi da tsarin narkewar abinci suma suna kula da ita.

Sau da yawa, likita yana buƙatar ionogram na fitsari a lokaci guda, don samun damar raba kodan a cikin kowane cuta na rayuwa wanda aka gabatar akan ionogram na jini.

Lura cewa ana iya ƙayyade matakin phosphorus, ammonium da baƙin ƙarfe yayin ionogram na jini.

Ga abin da ake kira dabi'u na al'ada na manyan abubuwan da ke cikin jini:

• Sodium (natremia): 135-145 mmol / l (millimoles a kowace lita)
• Potassium (kaliémie): 3,5-4,5 mmol/l
• Calcium (calcium): 2,2 - 2,6 mmol / l
• Chlorine (chloremia): 95 - 105 mmol / l
• Magnesium: 0,7-1 mmol / l
• Bicarbonates: 23-27 mmol/l

Lura cewa waɗannan ƙimar na iya bambanta dangane da dakunan gwaje-gwajen da ke yin nazari. Bugu da kari, sun bambanta dan kadan dangane da shekaru.

Kafin a je jarrabawar, babu wasu sharuɗɗa na musamman da za a kiyaye. Alal misali, ba lallai ba ne a kasance a kan komai a ciki.

Jarabawar ta ƙunshi gwajin jini na venous, yawanci a cikin maƙarƙashiyar gwiwar hannu. Ana nazarin jinin da aka tattara ta haka.

sodium

Ƙara yawan adadin sodium a cikin jini - wannan ake kira hypernatremia - ana iya danganta shi da:

• rashin ruwa saboda asarar narkewar abinci;
• rage yawan shan ruwa;
• gumi mai nauyi;
• yawan adadin sodium.

Akasin haka, raguwar matakin sodium na jini - muna magana akan hyponatremia - yana da alaƙa da:

• zuwa rashi na cin abinci na sodium tare da asarar narkewa ko na koda;
• ko karuwar yawan ruwa.

Hyponatremia na iya zama alamar gazawar zuciya, koda ko gazawar hanta, ko edema.

potassium

Ƙara yawan ƙwayar potassium ko hypokalemia yana faruwa a lokacin ƙarar potassium ko kuma saboda shan wasu magunguna (maganin hana kumburi, antihypertensives, da sauransu).

Akasin haka, raguwar matakin potassium ko hypokalemia na iya faruwa a yayin amai, gudawa, ko shan diuretics.

chlorine

Ƙaruwar matakin chlorine na jini ko hyperchloremia na iya zama saboda:

• rashin ruwa mai tsanani ta hanyar zufa;
• asarar narkewa;
• yawan adadin sodium.

Rage matakin chlorine na jini ko hypochloremia na iya zama saboda:

• mai yawa da maimaita amai;
• matsalolin numfashi;
• karuwa a cikin adadin ruwa (ciwon zuciya, koda ko hanta);
• rage yawan abincin sodium.

alli

Hypercalcemia (high matakin calcium a cikin jini) na iya zama alamar:

• osteoporosis.
• hyperparathyroidism;
• bitamin D guba;
• rashin motsi na tsawon lokaci (kwance da tsayi da yawa);
• ko cutar Paget, wanda ƙasusuwa ke girma da sauri.

Akasin haka, hypocalcemia (ƙananan matakin calcium na jini) na iya bayyana ta:

• rashin abinci mai gina jiki;
• shaye-shaye;
• lalata kashi;
• raunin koda na kullum;
• ko lahani a cikin shanyewar hanji.

magnesium

Ana iya lura da karuwa a matakin magnesium:

• a cikin gazawar koda;
• ko kuma bayan shan magungunan magnesium.

Akasin haka, raguwar matakin jinin magnesium na iya zama alamar:

• rashin abinci mara kyau (musamman tsakanin 'yan wasa);
• yawan shan barasa;
• matsalolin narkewar abinci, da sauransu.

Bicarbonates

Babban matakin bicarbonate a cikin jini na iya zama alamar:

• gazawar numfashi;
• maimaita amai ko gudawa.

Ƙananan matakin bicarbonate a cikin jini na iya nufin:

• metabolism acidosis;
• gazawar koda;
• ko gazawar hanta.