Berkovic L. Tashin hankali a cikin kafofin watsa labarai

Philadelphia, Yuli 17. Ana ci gaba da samun karuwar yawan kashe-kashen da aka yi a bara a bana. Masu lura da al'amura dai na alakanta wannan bugu da kari kan yaduwar muggan kwayoyi da makamai da kuma yadda matasa ke fara sana'a da bindiga a hannunsu ... Alkaluma na da matukar tayar da hankali ga 'yan sanda da masu gabatar da kara, wasu wakilan hukumomin tsaro sun bayyana halin da kasar ke ciki. a cikin m launuka. "Yawan kisan kai ya kai kololuwa," in ji lauyan gundumar Philadelphia Ronald D. Castille. "Makonni uku da suka gabata, an kashe mutane 48 a cikin sa'o'i 11 kacal."

"Babban dalilin karuwar tashin hankali," in ji shi, "shine samun makamai cikin sauki da kuma illar kwayoyi."

… A cikin 1988, an yi kisan kai 660 a Chicago. A baya, 1989, adadinsu ya karu zuwa 742, ciki har da kisan yara 29, kisan gilla 7 da kuma lokuta 2 na euthanasia. A cewar 'yan sanda, 22% na kisan kai suna da alaƙa da rikice-rikicen cikin gida, 24% - tare da kwayoyi.

MD Hinds, New York Times, Yuli 18, 1990.

An buga wannan shaida mai ban tausayi ga guguwar laifuffukan tashin hankali da suka mamaye Amurka ta zamani a shafin farko na jaridar New York Times. Babi uku na gaba na littafin sun kebanta kan tasirin zamantakewar al’umma kan zalunci gaba daya da kuma laifukan tashin hankali. A Babi na 7, mun duba yiwuwar tasirin silima da talbijin, ƙoƙarin amsa tambayar ko kallon yadda mutane ke faɗa da kashe juna a fina-finai da talabijin na iya sa masu kallo su ƙara zage-zage. Babi na 8 ya yi nazari kan musabbabin aikata munanan laifuka, wanda ya fara da nazarin cin zarafi a cikin gida (dukkan mata da cin zarafin yara), daga ƙarshe, a babi na 9, ya tattauna manyan abubuwan da ke haddasa kashe-kashe a cikin iyali da kuma wajensa.

Nishaɗi, ilimantarwa, ba da labari da… haɗari?

Kowace shekara, masu tallace-tallace suna kashe biliyoyin daloli suna gaskata cewa talabijin na iya rinjayar halin ɗan adam. Wakilan masana'antar talbijin sun yarda da su da ƙwazo, yayin da suke jayayya cewa shirye-shiryen da ke ɗauke da al'amuran tashin hankali ba su da wani tasiri. Amma binciken da aka yi ya nuna a fili cewa tashin hankali a shirye-shiryen talabijin na iya kuma yana da illa ga masu sauraro. Duba →

Tashin hankali akan allon fuska da shafukan da aka buga

Shari'ar John Hinckley misali ne bayyananne na yadda kafofin watsa labarai za su iya yin tasiri a cikin wayo da zurfi ga matakin tashin hankalin al'ummar zamani. Ba wai kawai yunƙurinsa na kashe shugaba Reagan ba ne a fili a fili ya tsokane shi da fim ɗin, amma kisan da kansa da aka yi ta yadawa a jaridu, a gidajen rediyo da talbijin, wataƙila ya ƙarfafa wasu mutane su kwaikwayi zaluncin nasa. A cewar mai magana da yawun hukumar leken asirin (Hukumar kare hakkin shugaban kasa ta gwamnati), a kwanakin farko bayan yunkurin kisan gillar, barazanar da ake yiwa rayuwar shugaban ta karu matuka. Duba →

Nazarin gwaji na bayyanar ɗan gajeren lokaci zuwa wuraren tashin hankali a cikin kafofin watsa labarai

Hoton mutanen da suke fada da kashe juna na iya kara musu mugun hali a cikin masu sauraro. Duk da haka, yawancin masana ilimin halayyar dan adam suna shakkar wanzuwar irin wannan tasirin. Alal misali, Jonathan Freedman ya nace cewa “shaidar ba ta goyi bayan ra’ayin cewa kallon fina-finai na tashin hankali yana haifar da tashin hankali ba.” Wasu masu shakka suna jayayya cewa kallon ƴan fim ɗin suna nuna ƙarfi yana da, a mafi kyawu, ƙaramin tasiri ne kawai ga halayen ɗan kallo. Duba →

Tashin hankali a cikin kafofin watsa labarai a karkashin na'urar microscope

Yawancin masu bincike ba su sake fuskantar tambayar ko rahotannin kafofin watsa labaru da ke dauke da bayanai game da tashin hankali suna kara yiwuwar matakan tashin hankali zai karu a nan gaba. Amma wata tambaya ta taso: yaushe kuma me yasa wannan tasirin ke faruwa. Za mu koma gare shi. Za ku ga cewa ba duk fina-finai na "m" iri ɗaya suke ba kuma wasu fage ne kawai ke iya samun sakamako. A haƙiƙa, wasu hotunan tashin hankali na iya rage sha'awar masu kallo su kai wa abokan gabansu hari. Duba →

Ma'anar tashin hankali da aka gani

Mutanen da ke kallon wuraren tashin hankali ba za su haifar da tunani da ɗabi'a ba sai dai idan sun fassara ayyukan da suke gani a matsayin m. A wasu kalmomi, ana kunna tashin hankali idan masu kallo sun fara tunanin suna ganin mutane da gangan suna ƙoƙarin cutar da juna ko kashe juna. Duba →

Kiyaye Tasirin Bayanan Tashin hankali

m tunani da dabi'u, kunna ta hotuna na tashin hankali a cikin kafofin watsa labarai, yawanci raguwa maimakon da sauri. A cewar Phillips, kamar yadda za ku iya tunawa, yawaitar laifukan jabu yakan tsaya ne kimanin kwanaki hudu bayan da aka fara samun rahotannin tashin hankali. Ɗaya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje na kuma ya nuna cewa ƙara yawan tashin hankali da kallon fim ɗin ke haifar da tashin hankali, yanayin jini yana ɓacewa a cikin sa'a guda. Duba →

Ragewa da rashin jin daɗi na tasirin tashin hankali da aka lura

Binciken ka'idar da na gabatar yana jaddada tasiri (ko haifar da) tasirin tashin hankali da aka nuna a cikin kafofin watsa labaru: zalunci da aka gani ko bayani game da zalunci yana kunna (ko haifar da) tunani da sha'awar yin aiki. Sauran marubuta, irin su Bandura, sun gwammace wata fassara daban-daban, suna jayayya cewa cin zarafi da fina-finai ke haifarwa ya taso ne sakamakon hanawa - raunin da aka hana masu sauraro game da zalunci. Wato, a ra'ayinsa, ganin yadda mutane ke faɗa ya sa - aƙalla na ɗan lokaci kaɗan - ya sa masu kallo su zage-zage su kai farmaki ga waɗanda ke ɓata musu rai. Duba →

Tashin hankali a Kafofin watsa labarai: Tasirin Dogon Lokaci tare da Maimaituwar Bayyanawa

Koyaushe akwai waɗanda ke cikin yara waɗanda ke haɓaka dabi'un da ba a yarda da su a cikin jama'a da halayen zamantakewa ta hanyar kallon "masu harbin hauka, masu tayar da hankali, sadists masu tabin hankali… da makamantansu” waɗanda ke mamaye shirye-shiryen talabijin. "Babban bayyanar da zalunci a kan talabijin" na iya haifarwa a cikin zukatan matasa kyakkyawan ra'ayi na duniya da imani game da yadda za a yi wa wasu mutane. Duba →

Fahimtar "Me ya sa?": Siffata yanayin zamantakewa

Yawan bayyanar da tashin hankali da ake nunawa a talabijin ba abu ne mai amfani ga jama'a ba kuma yana iya ba da gudummawa ga samuwar halaye na rashin zaman lafiya. Koyaya, kamar yadda na ambata akai-akai, ganin zalunci ba koyaushe yana motsa ɗabi'a ba. Bugu da ƙari, tun da dangantakar da ke tsakanin kallon talabijin da tashin hankali ba ta cika cika ba, za a iya cewa yawan kallon mutanen da ke faɗa a kan allo ba lallai ba ne ya haifar da haɓakar hali mai tsanani ga kowane mutum. Duba →

Summary

A cewar sauran jama'a da ma wasu kwararrun kafafen yada labarai, bayyani na tashin hankali a fina-finai da talabijin, a jaridu da mujallu ba shi da tasiri sosai ga masu kallo da masu karatu. Hakanan akwai ra'ayi cewa yara da masu tabin hankali kawai ke ƙarƙashin wannan tasirin mara lahani. Koyaya, yawancin masana kimiyya waɗanda suka yi nazarin tasirin kafofin watsa labarai, da waɗanda suka karanta a hankali wallafe-wallafen kimiyya na musamman, sun tabbata akasin haka. Duba →

Chapter 8

Bayanin lamuran tashin hankalin gida. Ra'ayi kan matsalar tashin hankalin gida. Abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da amfani da tashin hankali na gida. Hanyoyin haɗi zuwa sakamakon bincike. Duba →