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Halin freckle da ake tambaya
Masu bincike na Burtaniya kwanan nan sun ƙirƙira wani gwajin DNA don gano ƙwayar freckle don yin hasashen yiwuwar samun ɗan ja. Amma za mu iya da gaske sanin launin gashi na jaririnmu na gaba? Me yasa wannan inuwa ce da ba kasafai ba? Farfesa Nadem Soufir, masanin ilimin halitta a asibitin André Bichat ya haskaka mu…
Menene ke ƙayyade launin ja na gashi?
Ana kiranta MCR1 a jargon kimiyya, wannan kwayar halitta ta duniya ce. Duk da haka, launin gashi ja shine sakamakon saitin bambance-bambancen haifar da gyare-gyare. A al'ada, kwayar halittar MCR1, wanda shine mai karɓa, yana sarrafa melanocytes, wato, ƙwayoyin da ke canza launin gashi. Wadannan kwayoyin suna yin launin ruwan kasa da launin ruwan kasa mai suna melanin, wanda ke da alhakin tanning. Amma idan akwai bambance-bambance (akwai dozin da yawa), mai karɓar MCR1 ba shi da inganci kuma yana tambayar melanocytes don yin melanin mai launin rawaya-orange. Wannan ake kira pheomelanin.
Ya kamata a lura : Ko da suna ɗauke da kwayar halittar MCR1, mutanen Afirka nau'in ba su da bambance-bambance. Don haka ba za su iya zama masu ja ba. Maye gurbi na ɗan adam yana da alaƙa da muhallinsa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa baƙar fata, waɗanda ke zaune a yankuna masu tsananin rana, ba su da bambance-bambancen MC1R. Akwai zaɓi na counter, wanda ya toshe samar da waɗannan bambance-bambancen da zai kasance mai guba a gare su.
Shin zai yiwu a yi hasashen ƙuƙuman jariri?
A yau, ko da kafin yin ciki, iyaye na gaba suna tunanin ma'auni na jiki na ɗansu. Wane hanci zai yi, yaya bakinsa zai kasance? Kuma a kwanan nan ne masu bincike na Burtaniya suka kirkiro wani gwajin DNA don gano kwayar halitta ta freckle, musamman a cikin iyaye mata masu juna biyu don yin hasashen yiwuwar samun ɗan ja da kuma shirya musu. kowane takamaiman likita na waɗannan yara. Kuma saboda kyakkyawan dalili, zaku iya zama mai ɗaukar wannan kwayar halitta, ba tare da yin ja da kanku ba. Duk da haka masanin ilimin halitta Nadem Soufir ya bambanta: wannan jarrabawa ba gaskiya bane. "Don zama ja, dole ne ku sami nau'ikan RHC guda biyu (launi ja). Idan iyayen biyu sun yi ja, a bayyane yake, haka ma jariri. Mutane biyu masu duhun gashi suma suna iya samun yaro mai ja, idan kowannen su yana da bambancin RHC, amma rashin daidaiton kashi 25%. Bugu da ƙari, yaron mestizo ko Creole da mutum na nau'in Caucasian na iya zama mai launin ja. "Tsarin kwayoyin halitta na pigmentation suna da rikitarwa, abubuwa da yawa, waɗanda har yanzu ba mu sani ba, sun shiga cikin wasa." Bayan tambayar abin dogaro, daMasanin ilimin halittu ya yi tir da haɗarin da'a: zaɓaɓɓen zubar da ciki.
Yayin da suke girma, gashin Baby wani lokaci yana canza launi. Har ila yau, muna lura da canje-canje yayin sauyawa zuwa samartaka, sannan zuwa girma. Waɗannan gyare-gyaren suna da alaƙa da alaƙa da muhalli. Misali, a rana, gashi ya zama mai farin ciki. Yaran masu jajayen gashi na iya yin duhu yayin da suke girma, amma tint yawanci yakan wanzu.
Me yasa kadan ja?
Idan mu masu ɗaukar kwayar halitta ne, abin mamaki ne cewa kashi 5% na mutanen Faransa ja ne kawai. Bugu da kari, tun daga shekarar 2011, bankin maniyyi na Danish Cryos ba ya karbar jajayen masu ba da gudummawa, wadatar da ake samu ya yi yawa dangane da bukatar. Yawancin masu karɓa sun fito ne daga Girka, Italiya ko Spain kuma suna ba da gudummawar launin ruwan kasa. Sai dai kuma jajayen jajayen ba su da tabbas su bace, kamar yadda wasu jita-jita ke ci gaba. “Rashin hankalinsu yana da alaƙa da haɗakar jama'a. A Faransa, damutanen asalin Afirka, Arewacin Afirka, waɗanda ba su da bambance-bambancen MC1R ko kaɗan, suna da yawa sosai. Koyaya, jajayen ja suna nan sosai a wasu yankuna, kamar Brittany inda adadinsu ya tsaya tsayin daka. "Muna kuma lura da tasirin ja a kusa da iyakar Lorraine da Alsatian," in ji Dokta Soufir. Bugu da ƙari, akwai dukan palette na ja, jere daga auburn zuwa duhu chestnut. Haka kuma, wadanda ke kiran kansu masu launin Venetian jajayen ja ne wadanda suka yi watsi da juna. ”
Tare da 13% ja a cikin yawan jama'arta, Scotland tana da rikodin jajayen ja. Su ne 10% a Ireland.
Kare lafiyar jarirai ja
Jar jariri: kula da kunar rana!
Hasken rana, fita cikin inuwa, hula… a lokacin rani, kalma guda ɗaya: guje wa fallasa Baby ga rana. Ya kamata iyaye masu jajayen yara su yi taka tsantsan. Kuma saboda kyawawan dalilai, a lokacin balagagge, suna iya kamuwa da cutar kansar fata, don haka mahimmancin kare su, tun suna kanana, daga hasken ultraviolet.
A nasu bangaren, mutanen Asiya suna da launi daban-daban, kuma bambance-bambancen kadan ne. Don haka ba su da yuwuwar kamuwa da cutar melanoma. Métis ko Creoles masu freckles suma su yi taka tsantsan da rana, koda kuwa tabbas sun “fi kariya daga rana fiye da fararen fata”.
Ko da jajayen jajayen na iya kamuwa da wasu cututtukan daji kuma sun fuskanci tsufan fata tun da farko, masanin ilimin halittar ya bayyana cewa "wani abu mai cutarwa ga wani batu kuma yana da tasiri mai amfani". Lalle ne, daMutanen da ke da bambance-bambancen MC1R sun fi sauƙin kama hasken ultraviolet a cikin manyan latitudes, Mahimmanci ga bitamin D. "Wannan zai iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa, bisa ga sanannun ka'idar zabin yanayi, Neanderthals, wanda aka samu a Gabashin Turai, ya riga ya sami ja.
Alaka tare da cutar Parkinson?
Ana maganar alaƙa tsakanin cutar Parkinson da jajayen wani lokaci. Duk da haka Nadem Soufir ya ci gaba da taka tsantsan: “Ba a tabbatar da hakan ba. A wannan bangaren, akwai ƙungiyar annoba tsakanin wannan cuta da melanoma. Mutanen da suka sami wannan nau'i na kansar fata sun fi sau 2 zuwa 3 suna kamuwa da cutar Parkinson. Kuma waɗanda suka kamu da wannan cuta suna da haɗarin haɓakar melanoma. Tabbas akwai hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa amma ba lallai ba ne ya bi ta hanyar MC1R gene ". Bugu da ƙari, babu alaƙa tsakanin freckles da zabiya. Dangane da haka, “Binciken kwanan nan da aka gudanar a dakin gwaje-gwaje ya nuna cewa berayen zabiya ba sa kamuwa da cutar sankarau, duk da cewa babu launin fata a fata, sabanin jajayen beraye. "
Redheads, rashin kula da zafi
Jajayen jajayen da ba za a iya cin su ba? Kuna iya kusan yarda da shi! Lalle ne, an bayyana kwayar halittar MC1R a cikin tsarin rigakafi da kuma a cikin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya yana bayarwa amfanin jajayen jajayen jajayen jajayen jajayen jajayen jajayen jajayen jajayen rawan jiki na kasancewa masu juriya da zafi.
Wani fa'ida mai mahimmanci: roƙon jima'i. Redheads zai zama mafi… sexy.
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