Ciwon Asperger: duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da irin wannan nau'in Autism

Ciwon Asperger wani nau'i ne na Autism ba tare da tawayar hankali ba, wanda ke da wahala wajen yanke bayanai daga muhallinsa. An kiyasta cewa daya cikin mutane goma da ke da Autism suna da ciwon Asperger.

Ma'anar: menene ciwon Asperger?

Ciwon Asperger cuta ce ta ci gaban jijiya (PDD) ta asali. Ya fada cikin rukuni na Autism bakan cuta, ko Autism. Ciwon Asperger ba ya haɗa da nakasa hankali ko jinkirin harshe.

Dokta Hans Asperger, wani likitan mahaukata dan kasar Austria ne ya fara bayyana ciwon Asperger a shekarar 1943, sannan ya kai rahoto ga al’ummar kimiyya ta hanyar likitan kwakwalwa dan kasar Burtaniya Lorna Wing a shekarar 1981. Kungiyar likitocin kwakwalwa ta Amurka kuma ta amince da cutar a hukumance a shekarar 1994.

A zahiri, ciwon Asperger yana da alaƙa da wahalhalu a cikin ma'anar zamantakewa, musamman a fagen magana da ba da magana, hulɗar zamantakewa. Mutumin da ke da ciwon Asperger, ko Aspie, yana da "Makanta tunani" ga duk abin da ya shafi lambobin zamantakewa. Yadda dole makaho ya koyi yawo a duniyar da bai gani ba. Asperger dole ne ya koyi ka'idodin zamantakewar da ya rasa ya samo asali a cikin wannan duniyar da ba koyaushe yake fahimtar aikin zamantakewa ba.

Lura cewa idan wasu Asperger's suna da baiwa, wannan ba haka bane ga kowa, kodayake suna da yawa dan kadan sama da matsakaicin adadin hankali.

Ciwon Asperger da Autism na gargajiya: menene bambance-bambance?

An bambanta Autism daga Ciwon Asperger ta hankali da harshe. Yaran da ke fama da ciwon Asperger yawanci ba su da jinkirin harshe ko tawayar hankali. Wasu mutanen da ke fama da cutar Asperger - amma ba duka ba - a wasu lokuta ma ana ba su damar basira mai ban sha'awa (sau da yawa ana tallata su a matakin lissafin tunani ko hadda).

A cewar kungiyar'Ayyukan Asperger's Autism',''Domin a gano mutum yana da High Level Autism ko Asperger's syndrome, baya ga ka'idojin da aka saba ganowa don gano cutar Autism, adadin hankalinsa (IQ) dole ne ya wuce 70."

Lura kuma cewa farkon matsalolin da ke da alaƙa da Asperger yawanci daga baya ne don autism da wancan tarihin iyali na kowa ne.

Menene alamun cutar Asperger?

Za mu iya taƙaita alamun Asperger's Autism a cikin manyan wurare 5:

• na wahalhalun sadarwa na magana da ba na magana : wahalhalu wajen fahimtar ra'ayi, ban dariya, puns, ma'ana ta alama, misalai, yanayin fuska, fassarar zahiri, sau da yawa mai daraja / harshe mara kyau…
• na matsalolin zamantakewa : rashin jin daɗi a cikin ƙungiya, wahalar fahimtar ƙa'idodin zamantakewa da tarurruka, fahimtar buƙatu da motsin zuciyar wasu, da ganewa da sarrafa motsin zuciyar mutum…
• na cututtuka na neurosensory : motsin rai mai banƙyama, rashin kula da ido, yanayin fuska sau da yawa yana daskarewa, wahalar kallon idanu, haɓakar hasashe na hankali, musamman rashin hankali ga hayaniya ko haske, ga wari, rashin haƙuri ga wasu laushi, hankali ga cikakkun bayanai…
• un bukatar yau da kullum, wanda ke haifar da maimaitawa da dabi'un da ba a sani ba, da matsalolin daidaitawa ga canje-canje da abubuwan da ba a tsammani ba;
• na kunkuntar sha'awa a lamba da / ko mai ƙarfi sosai a cikin ƙarfi, haɓakar sha'awa.

Lura cewa mutanen da ke da Asperger's Autism, saboda bambance-bambancen su ta fuskar sadarwa da fahimtar zamantakewa, an san su gaskiyarsu, gaskiyarsu, amincinsu, rashin son zuciya da kula da su dalla-dalla, dukiya da yawa waɗanda za a iya maraba da su a wurare da yawa. Amma wannan yana tafiya tare da rashin fahimtar digiri na biyu, tsananin buƙatu na yau da kullun, wahalar sauraro da yawan shiru, rashin tausayi da wahalar sauraron zance.

Matsalolin sadarwa da haɗin kai da mutanen da ke fama da cutar Asperger ke fuskanta na iya zama naƙasasshe kuma haifar da tashin hankali, janyewa, warewar jama'a, damuwa, har ma da yunkurin kashe kansa a cikin mafi tsanani lokuta. Don haka mahimmancin a farkon ganewar asali, sau da yawa yana jin daɗi ga mutumin da kansa da kuma na kusa da shi.

Ciwon Asperger a cikin mata: bayyanar cututtuka sau da yawa ba a san su ba

Don bincikar cutar ta Autism, ko ta kasance Asperger ciwo, likitoci da masu ilimin halin dan Adam suna da ra'ayin kowane jerin gwaje-gwaje da tambayoyin tambayoyi. Suna neman kasancewar halaye da alamun da aka lissafa a sama. Sai dai waɗannan alamomin na iya zama fiye ko žasa alama dangane da mutum ɗaya, musamman a cikin 'yan mata da mata.

Yawancin karatu suna nuna hakan 'yan matan da ke da Autism ko Asperger cutar za su kasance mafi wuyar ganewa fiye da maza. Ba tare da mu har yanzu sanin sosai dalilin da ya sa, watakila saboda dalilai na ilimi ko ilmin halitta, 'yan matan da ke da Autism da Asperger sun fi amfani dabarun kwaikwayon zamantakewa. Za su sami kyakkyawar fahimta fiye da samari, sannan za su yi nasara a ciki "Kwadai" wasu, don kwaikwayi halayen zamantakewar da ba su da kyau. 'Yan matan da ke fama da cutar Asperger suma sun fi samari kyawu da al'adun gargajiya.

Don haka wahalar ganewar cutar zai fi girma a fuskar yarinyar da ke fama da ciwon Asperger, ta yadda za a gano wasu masu ciwon Asperger a makare, a cikin girma.

Asperger ta ciwo: abin da magani bayan ganewar asali?

Don gano ciwon Asperger, yana da kyau a tuntuɓi a CRA, Cibiyar Albarkatun Autism. Akwai ɗaya ga kowane babban yanki na Faransa, kuma tsarin yana da nau'i-nau'i daban-daban (masu kwantar da hankula, masu ilimin psychomotor, masu ilimin halin dan Adam da dai sauransu), wanda ke sauƙaƙe ganewar asali.

Da zarar an gano cutar Asperger, yaron zai iya bi ta hanyar likitan magana da / ko mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali, wanda ya ƙware a cikin rikice-rikicen bakan autism, zai fi dacewa. Mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali zai taimaka wa yaron fahimci dabarar harshe, musamman ta fuskar ban dariya, magana, fahimtar motsin rai, da dai sauransu.

Amma ga mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali, zai taimaka wa yaron tare da Asperger koyi lambobin zamantakewa wanda ba shi da shi, musamman ta hanyar alamu. Ana iya yin kulawa a matakin mutum ko matakin rukuni, zaɓi na biyu ya fi dacewa don sake haifar da yanayin yau da kullum wanda yaron yake ko za a fuskanta (misali: filin wasa, wuraren shakatawa, ayyukan wasanni, da dai sauransu).

Yaron da ke da cutar Asperger a ka'ida zai iya bin karatun al'ada ba tare da wata matsala ba. Amfani da a tallafin rayuwar makaranta (AVS) na iya zama ƙari don taimaka musu su haɗa kai cikin makaranta.

Yadda za a taimaka wa yaro mai ciwon Asperger don haɗawa?

Yawancin iyaye na iya zama marasa taimako idan ya zo ga yaro da Asperger's Autism. Laifi, rashin taimako, rashin fahimta, keɓewar yaro don kauce wa yanayi mara kyau… Suna da yawa yanayi, halaye da ji kamar iyayen yara Aspie iya wani lokacin sani.

Fuskantar yaro tare da cutar Asperger, kyautatawa da hakuri suna cikin tsari. Yaron na iya samun hare-haren tashin hankali ko ɓarna a cikin yanayin zamantakewa inda bai san yadda za a yi ba. Ya rage ga iyaye su tallafa masa a cikin wannan koyo na dindindin na zamantakewa, amma kuma a matakin makaranta, ta hanyar nuna sassauci.

Koyan lambobin zamantakewa na iya shiga musamman wasannin dangi, damar da yaron ya koyi yin hali a cikin yanayi da yawa, amma kuma ya koyi rashin nasara, ya bar lokacinsa, yin wasa a matsayin ƙungiya, da dai sauransu.

Idan yaro tare da Asperger sha'awa mai cinyewa, misali don tsohuwar Masar, dara, wasanni na bidiyo, ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi, yana iya zama kyakkyawan ra'ayi don yi amfani da wannan sha'awar don taimaka masa ya gina da'irar abokai, misali ta hanyar yin rijista ga kulob. Akwai ma sansanonin rani masu jigo don ƙarfafa yara su haɗa kai a wajen makaranta.