Karɓa kamar bayanai: yadda kasuwancin ke koyon riba daga manyan bayanai

Ta hanyar nazarin manyan bayanai, kamfanoni suna koyon gano ɓoyayyun alamu, inganta kasuwancin su. Jagoran yana da kyau, amma ba kowa ba ne zai iya amfana daga manyan bayanai saboda rashin al'adar aiki tare da su

“Yayin da sunan mutum ya fi yawa, ana iya biyan kuɗi akan lokaci. Yawancin benaye na gidan ku, gwargwadon ƙididdiga ku ne mafi kyawun aro. Alamar zodiac kusan ba ta da wani tasiri a kan yiwuwar dawo da kuɗi, amma psychotype yana da mahimmanci, "in ji Stanislav Duzhinsky, wani manazarci a Babban Bankin Kiredit na Gida, game da tsarin da ba zato ba tsammani a cikin halayen masu karbar bashi. Ba ya ɗaukar nauyin bayyana yawancin waɗannan alamu - an bayyana su ta hanyar basirar wucin gadi, wanda ke sarrafa dubban bayanan abokan ciniki.

Wannan shine ikon babban nazarin bayanai: ta hanyar yin nazari mai yawa na bayanan da ba a tsara su ba, shirin zai iya gano alaƙa da yawa waɗanda masanin ɗan adam mai hikima bai sani ba. Kowane kamfani yana da adadi mai yawa na bayanan da ba a tsara su ba (babban bayanai) - game da ma'aikata, abokan ciniki, abokan tarayya, masu fafatawa, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don amfanin kasuwanci: inganta tasirin ci gaba, cimma ci gaban tallace-tallace, rage yawan ma'aikata, da dai sauransu.

Na farko da ya yi aiki tare da manyan bayanai sune manyan kamfanonin fasaha da sadarwa, cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi da dillalai, sharhi Rafail Miftakhov, darektan Deloitte Technology Integration Group, CIS. Yanzu akwai sha'awar irin waɗannan mafita a cikin masana'antu da yawa. Menene kamfanoni suka samu? Kuma shin babban bincike koyaushe yana haifar da sakamako mai mahimmanci?

Bankunan suna amfani da manyan algorithms na bayanai da farko don haɓaka ƙwarewar abokin ciniki da haɓaka farashi, da kuma sarrafa haɗari da yaƙi da zamba. "A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, juyin juya hali na gaske ya faru a fagen nazarin manyan bayanai," in ji Duzhinsky. "Amfani da koyon injin yana ba mu damar yin hasashen yuwuwar rashin lamuni da kyau sosai - laifuffuka a bankin mu kashi 3,9 ne kawai." Idan aka kwatanta, daga ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2019, rabon lamuni tare da biyan bashin da aka biya sama da kwanaki 90 akan lamunin da aka baiwa daidaikun mutane shine, a cewar babban bankin kasar, kashi 5%.

Hatta ƙungiyoyin kuɗi na microfinance suna mamakin nazarin manyan bayanai. "Samar da sabis na kuɗi ba tare da nazarin manyan bayanai ba a yau kamar yin lissafi ba tare da lambobi ba," in ji Andrey Ponomarev, Shugaba na Webbankir, wani dandalin ba da lamuni na kan layi. "Muna bayar da kudi ta yanar gizo ba tare da ganin abokin ciniki ko fasfo dinsa ba, kuma sabanin yadda ake ba da lamuni na gargajiya, ba wai kawai mu tantance rashin lafiyar mutum ba, har ma mu gano halayensa."

Yanzu ma’adanar bayanai ta kamfanin tana adana bayanai kan abokan huldar fiye da dubu 500. Ana nazarin kowace sabuwar aikace-aikacen tare da wannan bayanan a cikin kusan sigogi 800. Shirin ya yi la'akari ba kawai jinsi, shekaru, matsayin aure da tarihin bashi ba, har ma da na'urar da mutum ya shiga dandalin, yadda ya kasance a shafin. Misali, yana iya zama abin ban tsoro cewa mai yuwuwar mai karɓar bashi bai yi amfani da lissafin lamuni ba ko kuma bai yi tambaya game da sharuɗɗan lamuni ba. "In ban da wasu abubuwan dakatarwa - ka ce, ba mu bayar da lamuni ga mutanen da ke kasa da shekaru 19 - babu ɗayan waɗannan sigogi a cikin kanta da ke da dalilin ƙin yarda ko yarda da bayar da lamuni," in ji Ponomarev. Haɗin abubuwa ne ke da mahimmanci. A cikin 95% na lokuta, an yanke shawarar ta atomatik, ba tare da halartar kwararru daga sashen rubutun ba.

Babban bincike na bayanai yana ba mu damar samun alamu masu ban sha'awa, hannun jari Ponomarev. Misali, masu amfani da iPhone sun zama masu karbar bashi masu horo fiye da masu na'urorin Android - tsohon suna karɓar amincewar aikace-aikacen sau 1,7 sau da yawa. "Gaskiya cewa jami'an soji ba sa biyan lamuni kusan kwata kasa da matsakaicin mai karbar bashi ba abin mamaki bane," in ji Ponomarev. "Amma yawanci ba a sa ran ɗalibai su zama tilas ba, amma a halin yanzu, shari'o'in gazawar ƙididdiga sun kasance 10% ƙasa da na kowa fiye da matsakaicin tushe."

Binciken manyan bayanai yana ba da damar cin nasara ga masu insurer kuma. An kafa shi a cikin 2016, IDX yana tsunduma cikin gano nesa da tabbatar da takaddun kan layi. Ana buƙatar waɗannan ayyuka a tsakanin masu inshorar kaya waɗanda ke da sha'awar asarar kaya kaɗan gwargwadon yiwuwa. Kafin inshorar jigilar kayayyaki, mai insurer, tare da izinin direba, yana bincika amincin, in ji Jan Sloka, darektan kasuwanci na IDX. Tare da abokin tarayya - Kamfanin St. Petersburg "Risk Control" - IDX ya haɓaka sabis wanda ke ba ka damar duba ainihin direban, bayanan fasfo da haƙƙoƙin, shiga cikin abubuwan da suka shafi asarar kaya, da dai sauransu Bayan nazarin binciken da database na direbobi, kamfanin gano wani "hadari kungiyar": mafi sau da yawa, kaya da aka rasa a tsakanin direbobi masu shekaru 30-40 shekaru tare da dogon tuki gwaninta, wanda sau da yawa canza jobs kwanan nan. Har ila yau, an gano cewa, direbobin motoci galibi suna sace kayan, wanda rayuwar sabis ɗin ta wuce shekaru takwas.

Dillalai suna da aiki daban-daban - don gano abokan cinikin da suke shirye don siye, da kuma tantance hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa don kawo su zuwa rukunin yanar gizo ko kantin sayar da kayayyaki. Don wannan, shirye-shiryen suna nazarin bayanin martabar abokan ciniki, bayanai daga asusun su na sirri, tarihin sayayya, tambayoyin bincike da kuma amfani da maki bonus, abubuwan da ke cikin kwandunan lantarki da suka fara cika kuma sun watsar da su. Binciken bayanan yana ba ku damar rarraba dukkan bayanan da gano ƙungiyoyin masu siye waɗanda za su iya sha'awar wani tayin, in ji Kirill Ivanov, darektan ofishin bayanai na ƙungiyar M.Video-Eldorado.

Misali, shirin yana gano ƙungiyoyin abokan ciniki, kowannensu yana son kayan aikin talla daban-daban - lamuni mara riba, cashback, ko lambar tallata rangwame. Waɗannan masu siye suna karɓar wasiƙar imel tare da haɓaka daidai. Yiwuwar cewa mutum, bayan buɗe wasiƙar, zai je gidan yanar gizon kamfanin, a cikin wannan yanayin yana ƙaruwa sosai, in ji Ivanov.

Binciken bayanai kuma yana ba ku damar haɓaka tallace-tallacen samfuran da ke da alaƙa. Tsarin, wanda ya sarrafa tarihin oda na sauran abokan ciniki, yana ba mai siye shawarwari akan abin da zai saya tare da samfurin da aka zaɓa. Gwajin wannan hanyar aikin, a cewar Ivanov, ya nuna karuwar yawan umarni tare da kayan haɗi da 12% da karuwa a cikin kayan aiki da 15%.

Ba 'yan kasuwa ba ne kawai ke ƙoƙarin inganta ingancin sabis da haɓaka tallace-tallace. Lokacin rani na ƙarshe, MegaFon ya ƙaddamar da sabis na tayin "mai wayo" dangane da sarrafa bayanai daga miliyoyin masu biyan kuɗi. Bayan nazarin halayensu, hankali na wucin gadi ya koyi samar da tayin sirri ga kowane abokin ciniki a cikin jadawalin kuɗin fito. Alal misali, idan shirin ya lura cewa mutum yana kallon bidiyo a kan na'urarsa, sabis ɗin zai ba shi damar fadada yawan zirga-zirgar wayar hannu. Yin la'akari da abubuwan da ake so na masu amfani, kamfanin yana ba masu biyan kuɗi da zirga-zirga marasa iyaka don nau'ikan nishaɗin Intanet da suka fi so - alal misali, ta yin amfani da saƙon nan take ko sauraron kiɗa akan ayyukan yawo, yin hira akan cibiyoyin sadarwar jama'a ko kallon nunin TV.

"Muna nazarin halayen masu biyan kuɗi kuma mu fahimci yadda sha'awar su ke canzawa," in ji Vitaly Shcherbakov, darektan babban nazarin bayanai a MegaFon. "Alal misali, a wannan shekara, zirga-zirgar AliExpress ya haɓaka sau 1,5 idan aka kwatanta da bara, kuma a gaba ɗaya, yawan ziyartar shagunan tufafi na kan layi yana girma: 1,2-2 sau, dangane da takamaiman albarkatun."

Wani misali na aikin mai aiki tare da manyan bayanai shine dandalin MegaFon Poisk don neman yara da manya da suka ɓace. Tsarin ya yi nazari kan abin da mutane za su iya kasancewa kusa da wurin mutumin da ya ɓace, kuma ya aika musu da bayanai tare da hoto da alamun mutumin da ya ɓace. Mai aiki ya haɓaka kuma ya gwada tsarin tare da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida da ƙungiyar Lisa Alert: a cikin minti biyu na daidaitawa ga mutumin da ya ɓace, fiye da masu biyan kuɗi 2 sun karɓi, wanda hakan yana ƙaruwa da damar samun nasarar sakamakon bincike.

Babban bincike na bayanai kuma ya sami aikace-aikace a cikin masana'antu. Anan yana ba ku damar yin hasashen buƙatu da tsara tallace-tallace. Don haka, a cikin ƙungiyar kamfanoni na Cherkizovo, shekaru uku da suka wuce, an aiwatar da wani bayani dangane da SAP BW, wanda ke ba ku damar adanawa da sarrafa duk bayanan tallace-tallace: farashin, nau'in, samfurin samfurin, tallace-tallace, tashoshin rarraba, in ji Vladislav Belyaev, CIO. na kungiyar" Cherkizovo. Binciken tarin bayanai na tarin tarin tarin fuka 2 ba wai kawai ya ba da damar samar da tsarin yadda ya kamata ba da kuma inganta fayil ɗin samfurin, amma kuma ya sauƙaƙe aikin ma'aikata. Misali, shirya rahoton tallace-tallace na yau da kullun zai buƙaci aikin yini ɗaya na manazarta da yawa - biyu ga kowane ɓangaren samfur. Yanzu wannan rahoton robot ya shirya shi, yana kashe mintuna 30 kawai akan kowane bangare.

"A cikin masana'antu, manyan bayanai suna aiki yadda ya kamata tare da Intanet na abubuwa," in ji Stanislav Meshkov, Shugaba na Umbrella IT. "Bisa nazarin bayanai daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin da kayan aikin ke da su, yana yiwuwa a gano sabani a cikin aikinsa da kuma hana lalacewa, da kuma hasashen aikin."

A cikin Severstal, tare da taimakon manyan bayanai, suna kuma ƙoƙarin warware wasu ayyuka marasa mahimmanci - alal misali, don rage yawan rauni. A cikin 2019, kamfanin ya ware kusan RUB biliyan 1,1 don matakan inganta amincin ma'aikata. Severstal yana tsammanin rage raunin rauni ta 2025% ta 50 (idan aka kwatanta da 2017). "Idan manajan layi - mai kula da layi, manajan rukunin yanar gizo, manajan shago - ya lura cewa ma'aikaci yana yin wasu ayyuka ba tare da tsaro ba (ba ya riƙon hannaye yayin hawa matakala a rukunin masana'antu ko kuma baya sanye da duk kayan kariya na sirri), ya rubuta. wani bayanin kula na musamman a gare shi - PAB (daga "binciken tsaro na halayya")," in ji Boris Voskresensky, shugaban sashen nazarin bayanan kamfanin.

Bayan nazarin bayanai kan adadin PABs a daya daga cikin sassan, ƙwararrun kamfanin sun gano cewa waɗanda suka riga sun yi maganganu da yawa a baya suna keta ka'idodin aminci, da kuma waɗanda ke hutun jinya ko hutu jim kaɗan kafin. lamarin. Cin zarafi a cikin makon farko bayan dawowa daga hutu ko hutun rashin lafiya sun ninka sau biyu a cikin lokaci na gaba: 1 da 0,55%. Amma yin aiki a kan canjin dare, kamar yadda ya juya, baya shafar kididdigar PABs.

Ƙirƙirar algorithms don sarrafa manyan bayanai ba shine mafi wahalar aikin ba, in ji wakilan kamfanin. Yana da matukar wahala a fahimci yadda za a iya amfani da waɗannan fasahohin a cikin mahallin kowane takamaiman kasuwanci. Wannan shi ne inda diddigin Achilles na manazarta kamfanoni har ma da masu samar da waje suna kwance, wanda, zai zama alama, sun tara gwaninta a fagen manyan bayanai.

"Na sadu da manyan manazarta bayanai da suka kasance ƙwararrun masana ilimin lissafi, amma ba su da cikakkiyar fahimtar hanyoyin kasuwanci," in ji Sergey Kotik, darektan ci gaba a GoodsForecast. Ya tuna yadda shekaru biyu da suka gabata kamfaninsa ya samu damar shiga gasar hasashen bukatu na sarkar dillalan dillalai na tarayya. An zaɓi yankin matukin jirgi, don duk kayayyaki da shagunan da mahalarta suka yi hasashen. An kwatanta hasashen da ainihin tallace-tallace. Wuri na farko ya ɗauki ɗaya daga cikin giant ɗin Intanet na Rasha, wanda aka sani da gwaninta a cikin koyan na'ura da bincike na bayanai: a cikin hasashensa, ya nuna ɗan karkata daga ainihin tallace-tallace.

Amma lokacin da cibiyar sadarwa ta fara nazarin hasashensa dalla-dalla, ya nuna cewa daga ra'ayi na kasuwanci, ba za a yarda da su ba. Kamfanin ya gabatar da samfurin da ya samar da tsare-tsaren tallace-tallace tare da rashin daidaituwa na tsari. Shirin ya fito da yadda za a rage yiwuwar kurakurai a cikin tsinkaya: yana da aminci ga rashin kimanta tallace-tallace, tun da matsakaicin kuskuren zai iya zama 100% (babu tallace-tallace mara kyau), amma a cikin hanyar overforecasting, yana iya zama babba. Kotik yayi bayani. A wasu kalmomi, kamfanin ya gabatar da samfurin lissafi mai kyau, wanda a cikin ainihin yanayin zai haifar da shaguna maras amfani da rabi da hasara mai yawa daga masu sayarwa. Sakamakon haka, wani kamfani ya lashe gasar, wanda za a iya aiwatar da lissafinsa a aikace.

Babban fasahar bayanai sun dace da masana'antu da yawa, amma aiwatar da aiwatar da su ba ya faruwa a ko'ina, in ji Meshkov. Misali, a fannin kiwon lafiya akwai matsala wajen taskance bayanai: an tara bayanai da yawa kuma ana sabunta su akai-akai, amma galibin wannan bayanai ba a yi digitized ba tukuna. Hakanan akwai bayanai da yawa a cikin hukumomin gwamnati, amma ba a haɗa su zuwa gungu ɗaya ba. Haɓaka tsarin haɗin kan tsarin bayanai na National Data Management System (NCMS) yana da nufin magance wannan matsala, in ji masanin.

Duk da haka, kasarmu tana da nisa daga kasa daya tilo inda a mafi yawan kungiyoyi ana yanke shawara mai mahimmanci bisa tushen fahimta, kuma ba nazarin manyan bayanai ba. A watan Afrilun bara, Deloitte ya gudanar da wani bincike a tsakanin shugabannin manyan kamfanoni na Amurka fiye da dubu (tare da ma'aikatan 500 ko fiye) kuma ya gano cewa 63% na wadanda aka bincikar sun saba da manyan fasahar bayanai, amma ba su da duk abin da ake bukata. kayayyakin more rayuwa don amfani da su. A halin yanzu, a cikin kashi 37% na kamfanonin da ke da babban matakin balaga na nazari, kusan rabin sun zarce burin kasuwanci a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata.

Binciken ya nuna cewa baya ga wahalar aiwatar da sabbin hanyoyin fasaha, matsala mai mahimmanci a cikin kamfanoni shine rashin al'adar aiki tare da bayanai. Bai kamata ku yi tsammanin sakamako mai kyau ba idan an ba da alhakin yanke shawara da aka yi kan manyan bayanai kawai ga manazarta na kamfanin, kuma ba ga duka kamfanin gaba ɗaya ba. "Yanzu kamfanoni suna neman abubuwan amfani masu ban sha'awa don manyan bayanai," in ji Miftakhov. "A lokaci guda kuma, aiwatar da wasu al'amura na buƙatar saka hannun jari a cikin tsarin tattarawa, sarrafawa da sarrafa ingancin ƙarin bayanan da ba a tantance su a baya ba." Alas, "bincike ba har yanzu wasan motsa jiki ba ne," marubutan binciken sun yarda.